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<title>linux-toradex.git/Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt, branch v3.16</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel for Apalis and Colibri modules</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt: correct cpu_relax() documentation</title>
<updated>2010-03-24T23:31:20+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Russell King</name>
<email>rmk@arm.linux.org.uk</email>
</author>
<published>2010-03-23T20:35:16+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=091e635e6735fa4496c4a18e7e967b58e961303c'/>
<id>091e635e6735fa4496c4a18e7e967b58e961303c</id>
<content type='text'>
cpu_relax() is documented in volatile-considered-harmful.txt to be a
memory barrier.  However, everyone with the exception of Blackfin and
possibly ia64 defines cpu_relax() to be a compiler barrier.

Make the documentation reflect the general concensus.

Linus sayeth:

: I don't think it was ever the intention that it would be seen as anything
: but a compiler barrier, although it is obviously implied that it might
: well perform some per-architecture actions that have "memory barrier-like"
: semantics.
:
: After all, the whole and only point of the "cpu_relax()" thing is to tell
: the CPU that we're busy-looping on some event.
:
: And that "event" might be (and often is) about reading the same memory
: location over and over until it changes to what we want it to be.  So it's
: quite possible that on various architectures the "cpu_relax()" could be
: about making sure that such a tight loop on loads doesn't starve cache
: transactions, for example - and as such look a bit like a memory barrier
: from a CPU standpoint.
:
: But it's not meant to have any kind of architectural memory ordering
: semantics as far as the kernel is concerned - those must come from other
: sources.

Signed-off-by: Russell King &lt;rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: &lt;linux-arch@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
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<pre>
cpu_relax() is documented in volatile-considered-harmful.txt to be a
memory barrier.  However, everyone with the exception of Blackfin and
possibly ia64 defines cpu_relax() to be a compiler barrier.

Make the documentation reflect the general concensus.

Linus sayeth:

: I don't think it was ever the intention that it would be seen as anything
: but a compiler barrier, although it is obviously implied that it might
: well perform some per-architecture actions that have "memory barrier-like"
: semantics.
:
: After all, the whole and only point of the "cpu_relax()" thing is to tell
: the CPU that we're busy-looping on some event.
:
: And that "event" might be (and often is) about reading the same memory
: location over and over until it changes to what we want it to be.  So it's
: quite possible that on various architectures the "cpu_relax()" could be
: about making sure that such a tight loop on loads doesn't starve cache
: transactions, for example - and as such look a bit like a memory barrier
: from a CPU standpoint.
:
: But it's not meant to have any kind of architectural memory ordering
: semantics as far as the kernel is concerned - those must come from other
: sources.

Signed-off-by: Russell King &lt;rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: &lt;linux-arch@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Documentation cleanup: trivial misspelling, punctuation, and grammar corrections.</title>
<updated>2008-07-26T19:00:06+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Matt LaPlante</name>
<email>kernel1@cyberdogtech.com</email>
</author>
<published>2008-07-26T02:45:33+00:00</published>
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<id>d91958815d214ea365b98cbff6215383897edcb6</id>
<content type='text'>
Cc: Randy Dunlap &lt;randy.dunlap@oracle.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
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<pre>
Cc: Randy Dunlap &lt;randy.dunlap@oracle.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>"volatile considered harmful"</title>
<updated>2007-06-24T15:59:11+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Jonathan Corbet</name>
<email>corbet@lwn.net</email>
</author>
<published>2007-06-24T00:16:41+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=0faa45480261a52323fe88bfab6aea1e8eb87b65'/>
<id>0faa45480261a52323fe88bfab6aea1e8eb87b65</id>
<content type='text'>
Encourage developers to avoid the volatile type class in kernel code.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl &lt;jesper.juhl@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
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<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Encourage developers to avoid the volatile type class in kernel code.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl &lt;jesper.juhl@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
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