The Itanium architecture is obsolete, and an informal survey [0] reveals that any residual use of Itanium hardware in production is mostly HP-UX or OpenVMS based. The use of Linux on Itanium appears to be limited to enthusiasts that occasionally boot a fresh Linux kernel to see whether things are still working as intended, and perhaps to churn out some distro packages that are rarely used in practice. None of the original companies behind Itanium still produce or support any hardware or software for the architecture, and it is listed as 'Orphaned' in the MAINTAINERS file, as apparently, none of the engineers that contributed on behalf of those companies (nor anyone else, for that matter) have been willing to support or maintain the architecture upstream or even be responsible for applying the odd fix. The Intel firmware team removed all IA-64 support from the Tianocore/EDK2 reference implementation of EFI in 2018. (Itanium is the original architecture for which EFI was developed, and the way Linux supports it deviates significantly from other architectures.) Some distros, such as Debian and Gentoo, still maintain [unofficial] ia64 ports, but many have dropped support years ago. While the argument is being made [1] that there is a 'for the common good' angle to being able to build and run existing projects such as the Grid Community Toolkit [2] on Itanium for interoperability testing, the fact remains that none of those projects are known to be deployed on Linux/ia64, and very few people actually have access to such a system in the first place. Even if there were ways imaginable in which Linux/ia64 could be put to good use today, what matters is whether anyone is actually doing that, and this does not appear to be the case. There are no emulators widely available, and so boot testing Itanium is generally infeasible for ordinary contributors. GCC still supports IA-64 but its compile farm [3] no longer has any IA-64 machines. GLIBC would like to get rid of IA-64 [4] too because it would permit some overdue code cleanups. In summary, the benefits to the ecosystem of having IA-64 be part of it are mostly theoretical, whereas the maintenance overhead of keeping it supported is real. So let's rip off the band aid, and remove the IA-64 arch code entirely. This follows the timeline proposed by the Debian/ia64 maintainer [5], which removes support in a controlled manner, leaving IA-64 in a known good state in the most recent LTS release. Other projects will follow once the kernel support is removed. [0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAMj1kXFCMh_578jniKpUtx_j8ByHnt=s7S+yQ+vGbKt9ud7+kQ@mail.gmail.com/ [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/0075883c-7c51-00f5-2c2d-5119c1820410@web.de/ [2] https://gridcf.org/gct-docs/latest/index.html [3] https://cfarm.tetaneutral.net/machines/list/ [4] https://lore.kernel.org/all/87bkiilpc4.fsf@mid.deneb.enyo.de/ [5] https://lore.kernel.org/all/ff58a3e76e5102c94bb5946d99187b358def688a.camel@physik.fu-berlin.de/ Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Enable -Wenum-conversion warning option
- Refactor the rpm-pkg target
- Fix scripts/setlocalversion to consider annotated tags for rt-kernel
- Add a jump key feature for the search menu of 'make nconfig'
- Support Qt6 for 'make xconfig'
- Enable -Wformat-overflow, -Wformat-truncation, -Wstringop-overflow,
and -Wrestrict warnings for W=1 builds
- Replace <asm/export.h> with <linux/export.h> for alpha, ia64, and
sparc
- Support DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=N for the debian source package
- Refactor scripts/Makefile.modinst and fix some modules_sign issues
- Add a new Kconfig env variable to warn symbols that are not defined
anywhere
- Show help messages of config fragments in 'make help'
* tag 'kbuild-v6.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (62 commits)
kconfig: fix possible buffer overflow
kbuild: Show marked Kconfig fragments in "help"
kconfig: add warn-unknown-symbols sanity check
kbuild: dummy-tools: make MPROFILE_KERNEL checks work on BE
Documentation/llvm: refresh docs
modpost: Skip .llvm.call-graph-profile section check
kbuild: support modules_sign for external modules as well
kbuild: support 'make modules_sign' with CONFIG_MODULE_SIG_ALL=n
kbuild: move more module installation code to scripts/Makefile.modinst
kbuild: reduce the number of mkdir calls during modules_install
kbuild: remove $(MODLIB)/source symlink
kbuild: move depmod rule to scripts/Makefile.modinst
kbuild: add modules_sign to no-{compiler,sync-config}-targets
kbuild: do not run depmod for 'make modules_sign'
kbuild: deb-pkg: support DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=N in debian/rules
alpha: remove <asm/export.h>
alpha: replace #include <asm/export.h> with #include <linux/export.h>
ia64: remove <asm/export.h>
ia64: replace #include <asm/export.h> with #include <linux/export.h>
sparc: remove <asm/export.h>
...
Pull x86 shadow stack support from Dave Hansen: "This is the long awaited x86 shadow stack support, part of Intel's Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET). CET consists of two related security features: shadow stacks and indirect branch tracking. This series implements just the shadow stack part of this feature, and just for userspace. The main use case for shadow stack is providing protection against return oriented programming attacks. It works by maintaining a secondary (shadow) stack using a special memory type that has protections against modification. When executing a CALL instruction, the processor pushes the return address to both the normal stack and to the special permission shadow stack. Upon RET, the processor pops the shadow stack copy and compares it to the normal stack copy. For more information, refer to the links below for the earlier versions of this patch set" Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220130211838.8382-1-rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230613001108.3040476-1-rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com/ * tag 'x86_shstk_for_6.6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (47 commits) x86/shstk: Change order of __user in type x86/ibt: Convert IBT selftest to asm x86/shstk: Don't retry vm_munmap() on -EINTR x86/kbuild: Fix Documentation/ reference x86/shstk: Move arch detail comment out of core mm x86/shstk: Add ARCH_SHSTK_STATUS x86/shstk: Add ARCH_SHSTK_UNLOCK x86: Add PTRACE interface for shadow stack selftests/x86: Add shadow stack test x86/cpufeatures: Enable CET CR4 bit for shadow stack x86/shstk: Wire in shadow stack interface x86: Expose thread features in /proc/$PID/status x86/shstk: Support WRSS for userspace x86/shstk: Introduce map_shadow_stack syscall x86/shstk: Check that signal frame is shadow stack mem x86/shstk: Check that SSP is aligned on sigreturn x86/shstk: Handle signals for shadow stack x86/shstk: Introduce routines modifying shstk x86/shstk: Handle thread shadow stack x86/shstk: Add user-mode shadow stack support ...
Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- An extensive rework of kexec and crash Kconfig from Eric DeVolder
("refactor Kconfig to consolidate KEXEC and CRASH options")
- kernel.h slimming work from Andy Shevchenko ("kernel.h: Split out a
couple of macros to args.h")
- gdb feature work from Kuan-Ying Lee ("Add GDB memory helper
commands")
- vsprintf inclusion rationalization from Andy Shevchenko
("lib/vsprintf: Rework header inclusions")
- Switch the handling of kdump from a udev scheme to in-kernel
handling, by Eric DeVolder ("crash: Kernel handling of CPU and memory
hot un/plug")
- Many singleton patches to various parts of the tree
* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2023-08-28-22-48' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (81 commits)
document while_each_thread(), change first_tid() to use for_each_thread()
drivers/char/mem.c: shrink character device's devlist[] array
x86/crash: optimize CPU changes
crash: change crash_prepare_elf64_headers() to for_each_possible_cpu()
crash: hotplug support for kexec_load()
x86/crash: add x86 crash hotplug support
crash: memory and CPU hotplug sysfs attributes
kexec: exclude elfcorehdr from the segment digest
crash: add generic infrastructure for crash hotplug support
crash: move a few code bits to setup support of crash hotplug
kstrtox: consistently use _tolower()
kill do_each_thread()
nilfs2: fix WARNING in mark_buffer_dirty due to discarded buffer reuse
scripts/bloat-o-meter: count weak symbol sizes
treewide: drop CONFIG_EMBEDDED
lockdep: fix static memory detection even more
lib/vsprintf: declare no_hash_pointers in sprintf.h
lib/vsprintf: split out sprintf() and friends
kernel/fork: stop playing lockless games for exe_file replacement
adfs: delete unused "union adfs_dirtail" definition
...
Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:
- Some swap cleanups from Ma Wupeng ("fix WARN_ON in
add_to_avail_list")
- Peter Xu has a series (mm/gup: Unify hugetlb, speed up thp") which
reduces the special-case code for handling hugetlb pages in GUP. It
also speeds up GUP handling of transparent hugepages.
- Peng Zhang provides some maple tree speedups ("Optimize the fast path
of mas_store()").
- Sergey Senozhatsky has improved te performance of zsmalloc during
compaction (zsmalloc: small compaction improvements").
- Domenico Cerasuolo has developed additional selftest code for zswap
("selftests: cgroup: add zswap test program").
- xu xin has doe some work on KSM's handling of zero pages. These
changes are mainly to enable the user to better understand the
effectiveness of KSM's treatment of zero pages ("ksm: support
tracking KSM-placed zero-pages").
- Jeff Xu has fixes the behaviour of memfd's
MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED sysctl ("mm/memfd: fix sysctl
MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED").
- David Howells has fixed an fscache optimization ("mm, netfs, fscache:
Stop read optimisation when folio removed from pagecache").
- Axel Rasmussen has given userfaultfd the ability to simulate memory
poisoning ("add UFFDIO_POISON to simulate memory poisoning with
UFFD").
- Miaohe Lin has contributed some routine maintenance work on the
memory-failure code ("mm: memory-failure: remove unneeded PageHuge()
check").
- Peng Zhang has contributed some maintenance work on the maple tree
code ("Improve the validation for maple tree and some cleanup").
- Hugh Dickins has optimized the collapsing of shmem or file pages into
THPs ("mm: free retracted page table by RCU").
- Jiaqi Yan has a patch series which permits us to use the healthy
subpages within a hardware poisoned huge page for general purposes
("Improve hugetlbfs read on HWPOISON hugepages").
- Kemeng Shi has done some maintenance work on the pagetable-check code
("Remove unused parameters in page_table_check").
- More folioification work from Matthew Wilcox ("More filesystem folio
conversions for 6.6"), ("Followup folio conversions for zswap"). And
from ZhangPeng ("Convert several functions in page_io.c to use a
folio").
- page_ext cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("minor cleanups for page_ext").
- Baoquan He has converted some architectures to use the
GENERIC_IOREMAP ioremap()/iounmap() code ("mm: ioremap: Convert
architectures to take GENERIC_IOREMAP way").
- Anshuman Khandual has optimized arm64 tlb shootdown ("arm64: support
batched/deferred tlb shootdown during page reclamation/migration").
- Better maple tree lockdep checking from Liam Howlett ("More strict
maple tree lockdep"). Liam also developed some efficiency
improvements ("Reduce preallocations for maple tree").
- Cleanup and optimization to the secondary IOMMU TLB invalidation,
from Alistair Popple ("Invalidate secondary IOMMU TLB on permission
upgrade").
- Ryan Roberts fixes some arm64 MM selftest issues ("selftests/mm fixes
for arm64").
- Kemeng Shi provides some maintenance work on the compaction code
("Two minor cleanups for compaction").
- Some reduction in mmap_lock pressure from Matthew Wilcox ("Handle
most file-backed faults under the VMA lock").
- Aneesh Kumar contributes code to use the vmemmap optimization for DAX
on ppc64, under some circumstances ("Add support for DAX vmemmap
optimization for ppc64").
- page-ext cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("add page_ext_data to get client
data in page_ext"), ("minor cleanups to page_ext header").
- Some zswap cleanups from Johannes Weiner ("mm: zswap: three
cleanups").
- kmsan cleanups from ZhangPeng ("minor cleanups for kmsan").
- VMA handling cleanups from Kefeng Wang ("mm: convert to
vma_is_initial_heap/stack()").
- DAMON feature work from SeongJae Park ("mm/damon/sysfs-schemes:
implement DAMOS tried total bytes file"), ("Extend DAMOS filters for
address ranges and DAMON monitoring targets").
- Compaction work from Kemeng Shi ("Fixes and cleanups to compaction").
- Liam Howlett has improved the maple tree node replacement code
("maple_tree: Change replacement strategy").
- ZhangPeng has a general code cleanup - use the K() macro more widely
("cleanup with helper macro K()").
- Aneesh Kumar brings memmap-on-memory to ppc64 ("Add support for
memmap on memory feature on ppc64").
- pagealloc cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("Two minor cleanups for pcp list
in page_alloc"), ("Two minor cleanups for get pageblock
migratetype").
- Vishal Moola introduces a memory descriptor for page table tracking,
"struct ptdesc" ("Split ptdesc from struct page").
- memfd selftest maintenance work from Aleksa Sarai ("memfd: cleanups
for vm.memfd_noexec").
- MM include file rationalization from Hugh Dickins ("arch: include
asm/cacheflush.h in asm/hugetlb.h").
- THP debug output fixes from Hugh Dickins ("mm,thp: fix sloppy text
output").
- kmemleak improvements from Xiaolei Wang ("mm/kmemleak: use
object_cache instead of kmemleak_initialized").
- More folio-related cleanups from Matthew Wilcox ("Remove _folio_dtor
and _folio_order").
- A VMA locking scalability improvement from Suren Baghdasaryan
("Per-VMA lock support for swap and userfaults").
- pagetable handling cleanups from Matthew Wilcox ("New page table
range API").
- A batch of swap/thp cleanups from David Hildenbrand ("mm/swap: stop
using page->private on tail pages for THP_SWAP + cleanups").
- Cleanups and speedups to the hugetlb fault handling from Matthew
Wilcox ("Change calling convention for ->huge_fault").
- Matthew Wilcox has also done some maintenance work on the MM
subsystem documentation ("Improve mm documentation").
* tag 'mm-stable-2023-08-28-18-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (489 commits)
maple_tree: shrink struct maple_tree
maple_tree: clean up mas_wr_append()
secretmem: convert page_is_secretmem() to folio_is_secretmem()
nios2: fix flush_dcache_page() for usage from irq context
hugetlb: add documentation for vma_kernel_pagesize()
mm: add orphaned kernel-doc to the rst files.
mm: fix clean_record_shared_mapping_range kernel-doc
mm: fix get_mctgt_type() kernel-doc
mm: fix kernel-doc warning from tlb_flush_rmaps()
mm: remove enum page_entry_size
mm: allow ->huge_fault() to be called without the mmap_lock held
mm: move PMD_ORDER to pgtable.h
mm: remove checks for pte_index
memcg: remove duplication detection for mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap
mm/huge_memory: work on folio->swap instead of page->private when splitting folio
mm/swap: inline folio_set_swap_entry() and folio_swap_entry()
mm/swap: use dedicated entry for swap in folio
mm/swap: stop using page->private on tail pages for THP_SWAP
selftests/mm: fix WARNING comparing pointer to 0
selftests: cgroup: fix test_kmem_memcg_deletion kernel mem check
...
Merge ACPI processor driver changes for 6.6-rc1: - Support obtaining physical CPU ID from MADT on LoongArch (Bibo Mao). - Convert ACPI CPU initialization to using _OSC instead of _PDC that has been depreceted since 2018 and dropped from the specification in ACPI 6.5 (Michal Wilczynski, Rafael Wysocki). * acpi-processor: ACPI: processor: LoongArch: Get physical ID from MADT ACPI: processor: Refine messages in acpi_early_processor_control_setup() ACPI: processor: Remove acpi_hwp_native_thermal_lvt_osc() ACPI: processor: Use _OSC to convey OSPM processor support information ACPI: processor: Introduce acpi_processor_osc() ACPI: processor: Set CAP_SMP_T_SWCOORD in arch_acpi_set_proc_cap_bits() ACPI: processor: Clear C_C2C3_FFH and C_C1_FFH in arch_acpi_set_proc_cap_bits() ACPI: processor: Rename ACPI_PDC symbols ACPI: processor: Refactor arch_acpi_set_pdc_bits() ACPI: processor: Move processor_physically_present() to acpi_processor.c ACPI: processor: Move MWAIT quirk out of acpi_processor.c
Add PFN_PTE_SHIFT, update_mmu_cache_range() and flush_dcache_folio(). Change the PG_arch_1 (aka PG_dcache_clean) flag from being per-page to per-folio, which makes arch_dma_mark_clean() and mark_clean() a little more exciting. [willy@infradead.org: fix folio_size() handling] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZNPlOCe8F+nrzPxr@casper.infradead.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230802151406.3735276-14-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
All *.S files under arch/ia64/ have been converted to include <linux/export.h> instead of <asm/export.h>. Remove <asm/export.h>. Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
CONFIG_* switches should not be exposed in uapi headers. The macros that are defined here are also only useful for the kernel code, so let's move them to asm/cmpxchg.h instead. The only two files that are using these macros are the headers arch/ia64/include/asm/bitops.h and arch/ia64/include/asm/atomic.h and these include asm/cmpxchg.h via asm/intrinsics.h, so this movement should not cause any trouble. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230426065032.517693-1-thuth@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
By taking GENERIC_IOREMAP method, the generic generic_ioremap_prot(), generic_iounmap(), and their generic wrapper ioremap_prot(), ioremap() and iounmap() are all visible and available to arch. Arch needs to provide wrapper functions to override the generic versions if there's arch specific handling in its ioremap_prot(), ioremap() or iounmap(). This change will simplify implementation by removing duplicated code with generic_ioremap_prot() and generic_iounmap(), and has the equivalent functioality as before. Here, add wrapper functions ioremap_prot() and iounmap() for ia64's special operation when ioremap() and iounmap(). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230706154520.11257-9-bhe@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@quicinc.com> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>