linux-toradex.git/drivers/firmware, branch v4.0-rc1

Merge branch 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2015-02-21T18:41:29+00:00

Pull misc x86 fixes from Ingo Molnar:
 "This contains:

   - EFI fixes
   - a boot printout fix
   - ASLR/kASLR fixes
   - intel microcode driver fixes
   - other misc fixes

  Most of the linecount comes from an EFI revert"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mm/ASLR: Avoid PAGE_SIZE redefinition for UML subarch
  x86/microcode/intel: Handle truncated microcode images more robustly
  x86/microcode/intel: Guard against stack overflow in the loader
  x86, mm/ASLR: Fix stack randomization on 64-bit systems
  x86/mm/init: Fix incorrect page size in init_memory_mapping() printks
  x86/mm/ASLR: Propagate base load address calculation
  Documentation/x86: Fix path in zero-page.txt
  x86/apic: Fix the devicetree build in certain configs
  Revert "efi/libstub: Call get_memory_map() to obtain map and desc sizes"
  x86/efi: Avoid triple faults during EFI mixed mode calls

Revert "efi/libstub: Call get_memory_map() to obtain map and desc sizes"

2015-02-18T11:38:13+00:00

This reverts commit d1a8d66b9177105e898e73716f97eb61842c457a.

Ard reported a boot failure when running UEFI under Qemu and Xen and
experimenting with various Tianocore build options,

 "As it turns out, when allocating room for the UEFI memory map using
  UEFI's AllocatePool (), it may result in two new memory map entries
  being created, for instance, when using Tianocore's preallocated region
  feature. For example, the following region

  0x00005ead5000-0x00005ebfffff [Conventional Memory|   |  |  |  |  |WB|WT|WC|UC]

  may be split like this

  0x00005ead5000-0x00005eae2fff [Conventional Memory|   |  |  |  |  |WB|WT|WC|UC]
  0x00005eae3000-0x00005eae4fff [Loader Data        |   |  |  |  |  |WB|WT|WC|UC]
  0x00005eae5000-0x00005ebfffff [Conventional Memory|   |  |  |  |  |WB|WT|WC|UC]

  if the preallocated Loader Data region was chosen to be right in the
  middle of the original free space.

  After patch d1a8d66b9177 ("efi/libstub: Call get_memory_map() to
  obtain map and desc sizes"), this is not being dealt with correctly
  anymore, as the existing logic to allocate room for a single additional
  entry has become insufficient."

Mark requested to reinstate the old loop we had before commit
d1a8d66b9177, which grows the memory map buffer until it's big enough to
hold the EFI memory map.

Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel 
Acked-by: Mark Rutland 
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming

x86_64: kasan: add interceptors for memset/memmove/memcpy functions

2015-02-14T05:21:41+00:00

Recently instrumentation of builtin functions calls was removed from GCC
5.0.  To check the memory accessed by such functions, userspace asan
always uses interceptors for them.

So now we should do this as well.  This patch declares
memset/memmove/memcpy as weak symbols.  In mm/kasan/kasan.c we have our
own implementation of those functions which checks memory before accessing
it.

Default memset/memmove/memcpy now now always have aliases with '__'
prefix.  For files that built without kasan instrumentation (e.g.
mm/slub.c) original mem* replaced (via #define) with prefixed variants,
cause we don't want to check memory accesses there.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin 
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov 
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany 
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov 
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov 
Cc: Yuri Gribov 
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov 
Cc: Sasha Levin 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Dave Hansen 
Cc: Andi Kleen 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Pekka Enberg 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

kasan: add kernel address sanitizer infrastructure

2015-02-14T05:21:40+00:00

Kernel Address sanitizer (KASan) is a dynamic memory error detector.  It
provides fast and comprehensive solution for finding use-after-free and
out-of-bounds bugs.

KASAN uses compile-time instrumentation for checking every memory access,
therefore GCC > v4.9.2 required.  v4.9.2 almost works, but has issues with
putting symbol aliases into the wrong section, which breaks kasan
instrumentation of globals.

This patch only adds infrastructure for kernel address sanitizer.  It's
not available for use yet.  The idea and some code was borrowed from [1].

Basic idea:

The main idea of KASAN is to use shadow memory to record whether each byte
of memory is safe to access or not, and use compiler's instrumentation to
check the shadow memory on each memory access.

Address sanitizer uses 1/8 of the memory addressable in kernel for shadow
memory and uses direct mapping with a scale and offset to translate a
memory address to its corresponding shadow address.

Here is function to translate address to corresponding shadow address:

     unsigned long kasan_mem_to_shadow(unsigned long addr)
     {
                return (addr >> KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT) + KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET;
     }

where KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT = 3.

So for every 8 bytes there is one corresponding byte of shadow memory.
The following encoding used for each shadow byte: 0 means that all 8 bytes
of the corresponding memory region are valid for access; k (1 <= k <= 7)
means that the first k bytes are valid for access, and other (8 - k) bytes
are not; Any negative value indicates that the entire 8-bytes are
inaccessible.  Different negative values used to distinguish between
different kinds of inaccessible memory (redzones, freed memory) (see
mm/kasan/kasan.h).

To be able to detect accesses to bad memory we need a special compiler.
Such compiler inserts a specific function calls (__asan_load*(addr),
__asan_store*(addr)) before each memory access of size 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16.

These functions check whether memory region is valid to access or not by
checking corresponding shadow memory.  If access is not valid an error
printed.

Historical background of the address sanitizer from Dmitry Vyukov:

	"We've developed the set of tools, AddressSanitizer (Asan),
	ThreadSanitizer and MemorySanitizer, for user space. We actively use
	them for testing inside of Google (continuous testing, fuzzing,
	running prod services). To date the tools have found more than 10'000
	scary bugs in Chromium, Google internal codebase and various
	open-source projects (Firefox, OpenSSL, gcc, clang, ffmpeg, MySQL and
	lots of others): [2] [3] [4].
	The tools are part of both gcc and clang compilers.

	We have not yet done massive testing under the Kernel AddressSanitizer
	(it's kind of chicken and egg problem, you need it to be upstream to
	start applying it extensively). To date it has found about 50 bugs.
	Bugs that we've found in upstream kernel are listed in [5].
	We've also found ~20 bugs in out internal version of the kernel. Also
	people from Samsung and Oracle have found some.

	[...]

	As others noted, the main feature of AddressSanitizer is its
	performance due to inline compiler instrumentation and simple linear
	shadow memory. User-space Asan has ~2x slowdown on computational
	programs and ~2x memory consumption increase. Taking into account that
	kernel usually consumes only small fraction of CPU and memory when
	running real user-space programs, I would expect that kernel Asan will
	have ~10-30% slowdown and similar memory consumption increase (when we
	finish all tuning).

	I agree that Asan can well replace kmemcheck. We have plans to start
	working on Kernel MemorySanitizer that finds uses of unitialized
	memory. Asan+Msan will provide feature-parity with kmemcheck. As
	others noted, Asan will unlikely replace debug slab and pagealloc that
	can be enabled at runtime. Asan uses compiler instrumentation, so even
	if it is disabled, it still incurs visible overheads.

	Asan technology is easily portable to other architectures. Compiler
	instrumentation is fully portable. Runtime has some arch-dependent
	parts like shadow mapping and atomic operation interception. They are
	relatively easy to port."

Comparison with other debugging features:
========================================

KMEMCHECK:

  - KASan can do almost everything that kmemcheck can.  KASan uses
    compile-time instrumentation, which makes it significantly faster than
    kmemcheck.  The only advantage of kmemcheck over KASan is detection of
    uninitialized memory reads.

    Some brief performance testing showed that kasan could be
    x500-x600 times faster than kmemcheck:

$ netperf -l 30
		MIGRATED TCP STREAM TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 0 AF_INET
		Recv   Send    Send
		Socket Socket  Message  Elapsed
		Size   Size    Size     Time     Throughput
		bytes  bytes   bytes    secs.    10^6bits/sec

no debug:	87380  16384  16384    30.00    41624.72

kasan inline:	87380  16384  16384    30.00    12870.54

kasan outline:	87380  16384  16384    30.00    10586.39

kmemcheck: 	87380  16384  16384    30.03      20.23

  - Also kmemcheck couldn't work on several CPUs.  It always sets
    number of CPUs to 1.  KASan doesn't have such limitation.

DEBUG_PAGEALLOC:
	- KASan is slower than DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, but KASan works on sub-page
	  granularity level, so it able to find more bugs.

SLUB_DEBUG (poisoning, redzones):
	- SLUB_DEBUG has lower overhead than KASan.

	- SLUB_DEBUG in most cases are not able to detect bad reads,
	  KASan able to detect both reads and writes.

	- In some cases (e.g. redzone overwritten) SLUB_DEBUG detect
	  bugs only on allocation/freeing of object. KASan catch
	  bugs right before it will happen, so we always know exact
	  place of first bad read/write.

[1] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/AddressSanitizerForKernel
[2] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[3] https://code.google.com/p/thread-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[4] https://code.google.com/p/memory-sanitizer/wiki/FoundBugs
[5] https://code.google.com/p/address-sanitizer/wiki/AddressSanitizerForKernel#Trophies

Based on work by Andrey Konovalov.

Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin 
Acked-by: Michal Marek 
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov 
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov 
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany 
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov 
Cc: Yuri Gribov 
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov 
Cc: Sasha Levin 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Dave Hansen 
Cc: Andi Kleen 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Pekka Enberg 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Stephen Rothwell 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux

2015-02-12T02:03:54+00:00

Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
 "arm64 updates for 3.20:

   - reimplementation of the virtual remapping of UEFI Runtime Services
     in a way that is stable across kexec
   - emulation of the "setend" instruction for 32-bit tasks (user
     endianness switching trapped in the kernel, SCTLR_EL1.E0E bit set
     accordingly)
   - compat_sys_call_table implemented in C (from asm) and made it a
     constant array together with sys_call_table
   - export CPU cache information via /sys (like other architectures)
   - DMA API implementation clean-up in preparation for IOMMU support
   - macros clean-up for KVM
   - dropped some unnecessary cache+tlb maintenance
   - CONFIG_ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND clean-up
   - defconfig update (CPU_IDLE)

  The EFI changes going via the arm64 tree have been acked by Matt
  Fleming.  There is also a patch adding sys_*stat64 prototypes to
  include/linux/syscalls.h, acked by Andrew Morton"

* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (47 commits)
  arm64: compat: Remove incorrect comment in compat_siginfo
  arm64: Fix section mismatch on alloc_init_p[mu]d()
  arm64: Avoid breakage caused by .altmacro in fpsimd save/restore macros
  arm64: mm: use *_sect to check for section maps
  arm64: drop unnecessary cache+tlb maintenance
  arm64:mm: free the useless initial page table
  arm64: Enable CPU_IDLE in defconfig
  arm64: kernel: remove ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND config option
  arm64: make sys_call_table const
  arm64: Remove asm/syscalls.h
  arm64: Implement the compat_sys_call_table in C
  syscalls: Declare sys_*stat64 prototypes if __ARCH_WANT_(COMPAT_)STAT64
  compat: Declare compat_sys_sigpending and compat_sys_sigprocmask prototypes
  arm64: uapi: expose our struct ucontext to the uapi headers
  smp, ARM64: Kill SMP single function call interrupt
  arm64: Emulate SETEND for AArch32 tasks
  arm64: Consolidate hotplug notifier for instruction emulation
  arm64: Track system support for mixed endian EL0
  arm64: implement generic IOMMU configuration
  arm64: Combine coherent and non-coherent swiotlb dma_ops
  ...

Merge tag 'efi-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mfleming/efi into x86/efi

2015-01-29T18:16:40+00:00

Pull EFI updates from Matt Fleming:

" - Move efivarfs from the misc filesystem section to pseudo filesystem,
    since that's a more logical and accurate place - Leif Lindholm

  - Update efibootmgr URL in Kconfig help - Peter Jones

  - Improve accuracy of EFI guid function names - Borislav Petkov

  - Expose firmware platform size in sysfs for the benefit of EFI boot
    loader installers and other utilities - Steve McIntyre

  - Cleanup __init annotations for arm64/efi code - Ard Biesheuvel

  - Mark the UIE as unsupported for rtc-efi - Ard Biesheuvel

  - Fix memory leak in error code path of runtime map code - Dan Carpenter

  - Improve robustness of get_memory_map() by removing assumptions on the
    size of efi_memory_desc_t (which could change in future spec
    versions) and querying the firmware instead of guessing about the
    memmap size - Ard Biesheuvel

  - Remove superfluous guid unparse calls - Ivan Khoronzhuk

  - Delete unnecessary chosen@0 DT node FDT code since was duplicated
    from code in drivers/of and is entirely unnecessary - Leif Lindholm

   There's nothing super scary, mainly cleanups, and a merge from Ricardo who
   kindly picked up some patches from the linux-efi mailing list while I
   was out on annual leave in December.

   Perhaps the biggest risk is the get_memory_map() change from Ard, which
   changes the way that both the arm64 and x86 EFI boot stub build the
   early memory map. It would be good to have it bake in linux-next for a
   while.
"

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

efi: Don't look for chosen@0 node on DT platforms

2015-01-20T22:41:56+00:00

Due to some scary special case handling noticed in drivers/of, various
bits of the ARM* EFI support patches did duplicate looking for @0
variants of various nodes. Unless on an ancient PPC system, these are
not in fact required. Most instances have become refactored out along
the way, this removes the last one.

Signed-off-by: Leif Lindholm 
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming

firmware: efi: Remove unneeded guid unparse

2015-01-20T22:29:31+00:00

There is no reason to translate guid number to string here.
So remove it in order to not do unneeded work.

Signed-off-by: Ivan Khoronzhuk 
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel 
Acked-by: Leif Lindholm 
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming

efi/libstub: Call get_memory_map() to obtain map and desc sizes

2015-01-20T22:13:33+00:00

This fixes two minor issues in the implementation of get_memory_map():
- Currently, it assumes that sizeof(efi_memory_desc_t) == desc_size,
  which is usually true, but not mandated by the spec. (This was added
  intentionally to allow future additions to the definition of
  efi_memory_desc_t). The way the loop is implemented currently, the
  added slack space may be insufficient if desc_size is larger, which in
  some corner cases could result in the loop never terminating.
- It allocates 32 efi_memory_desc_t entries first (again, using the size
  of the struct instead of desc_size), and frees and reallocates if it
  turns out to be insufficient. Few implementations of UEFI have such small
  memory maps, which results in a unnecessary allocate/free pair on each
  invocation.

Fix this by calling the get_memory_map() boot service first with a '0'
input value for map size to retrieve the map size and desc size from the
firmware and only then perform the allocation, using desc_size rather
than sizeof(efi_memory_desc_t).

Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel 
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming

efi: Small leak on error in runtime map code

2015-01-20T15:50:25+00:00

The "> 0" here should ">= 0" so we free map_entries[0].

Fixes: 926172d46038 ('efi: Export EFI runtime memory mapping to sysfs')
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter 
Acked-by: Dave Young 
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming