linux-toradex.git/include/linux/seccomp.h, branch v5.1-rc4

seccomp: add a return code to trap to userspace

2018-12-12T00:28:41+00:00

This patch introduces a means for syscalls matched in seccomp to notify
some other task that a particular filter has been triggered.

The motivation for this is primarily for use with containers. For example,
if a container does an init_module(), we obviously don't want to load this
untrusted code, which may be compiled for the wrong version of the kernel
anyway. Instead, we could parse the module image, figure out which module
the container is trying to load and load it on the host.

As another example, containers cannot mount() in general since various
filesystems assume a trusted image. However, if an orchestrator knows that
e.g. a particular block device has not been exposed to a container for
writing, it want to allow the container to mount that block device (that
is, handle the mount for it).

This patch adds functionality that is already possible via at least two
other means that I know about, both of which involve ptrace(): first, one
could ptrace attach, and then iterate through syscalls via PTRACE_SYSCALL.
Unfortunately this is slow, so a faster version would be to install a
filter that does SECCOMP_RET_TRACE, which triggers a PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP.
Since ptrace allows only one tracer, if the container runtime is that
tracer, users inside the container (or outside) trying to debug it will not
be able to use ptrace, which is annoying. It also means that older
distributions based on Upstart cannot boot inside containers using ptrace,
since upstart itself uses ptrace to monitor services while starting.

The actual implementation of this is fairly small, although getting the
synchronization right was/is slightly complex.

Finally, it's worth noting that the classic seccomp TOCTOU of reading
memory data from the task still applies here, but can be avoided with
careful design of the userspace handler: if the userspace handler reads all
of the task memory that is necessary before applying its security policy,
the tracee's subsequent memory edits will not be read by the tracer.

Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen 
CC: Kees Cook 
CC: Andy Lutomirski 
CC: Oleg Nesterov 
CC: Eric W. Biederman 
CC: "Serge E. Hallyn" 
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn 
CC: Christian Brauner 
CC: Tyler Hicks 
CC: Akihiro Suda 
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

seccomp: switch system call argument type to void *

2018-12-12T00:28:41+00:00

The const qualifier causes problems for any code that wants to write to the
third argument of the seccomp syscall, as we will do in a future patch in
this series.

The third argument to the seccomp syscall is documented as void *, so
rather than just dropping the const, let's switch everything to use void *
as well.

I believe this is safe because of 1. the documentation above, 2. there's no
real type information exported about syscalls anywhere besides the man
pages.

Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen 
CC: Kees Cook 
CC: Andy Lutomirski 
CC: Oleg Nesterov 
CC: Eric W. Biederman 
CC: "Serge E. Hallyn" 
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn 
CC: Christian Brauner 
CC: Tyler Hicks 
CC: Akihiro Suda 
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

seccomp: Add filter flag to opt-out of SSB mitigation

2018-05-04T22:51:44+00:00

If a seccomp user is not interested in Speculative Store Bypass mitigation
by default, it can set the new SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_SPEC_ALLOW flag when
adding filters.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook 
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner

ptrace, seccomp: add support for retrieving seccomp metadata

2017-11-28T23:41:01+00:00

With the new SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_LOG, we need to be able to extract these
flags for checkpoint restore, since they describe the state of a filter.

So, let's add PTRACE_SECCOMP_GET_METADATA, similar to ..._GET_FILTER, which
returns the metadata of the nth filter (right now, just the flags).
Hopefully this will be future proof, and new per-filter metadata can be
added to this struct.

Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen 
CC: Kees Cook 
CC: Andy Lutomirski 
CC: Oleg Nesterov 
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55+00:00

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart 
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne 
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

seccomp: Filter flag to log all actions except SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW

2017-08-14T20:46:46+00:00

Add a new filter flag, SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_LOG, that enables logging for
all actions except for SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW for the given filter.

SECCOMP_RET_KILL actions are always logged, when "kill" is in the
actions_logged sysctl, and SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW actions are never logged,
regardless of this flag.

This flag can be used to create noisy filters that result in all
non-allowed actions to be logged. A process may have one noisy filter,
which is loaded with this flag, as well as a quiet filter that's not
loaded with this flag. This allows for the actions in a set of filters
to be selectively conveyed to the admin.

Since a system could have a large number of allocated seccomp_filter
structs, struct packing was taken in consideration. On 64 bit x86, the
new log member takes up one byte of an existing four byte hole in the
struct. On 32 bit x86, the new log member creates a new four byte hole
(unavoidable) and consumes one of those bytes.

Unfortunately, the tests added for SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_LOG are not
capable of inspecting the audit log to verify that the actions taken in
the filter were logged.

With this patch, the logic for deciding if an action will be logged is:

if action == RET_ALLOW:
  do not log
else if action == RET_KILL && RET_KILL in actions_logged:
  log
else if filter-requests-logging && action in actions_logged:
  log
else if audit_enabled && process-is-being-audited:
  log
else:
  do not log

Signed-off-by: Tyler Hicks 
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

seccomp: remove 2-phase API

2016-06-14T17:54:40+00:00

Since nothing is using the 2-phase API, and it adds more complexity than
benefit, remove it.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski

seccomp: Add a seccomp_data parameter secure_computing()

2016-06-14T17:54:39+00:00

Currently, if arch code wants to supply seccomp_data directly to
seccomp (which is generally much faster than having seccomp do it
using the syscall_get_xyz() API), it has to use the two-phase
seccomp hooks. Add it to the easy hooks, too.

Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski 
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

seccomp, ptrace: add support for dumping seccomp filters

2015-10-28T02:55:13+00:00

This patch adds support for dumping a process' (classic BPF) seccomp
filters via ptrace.

PTRACE_SECCOMP_GET_FILTER allows the tracer to dump the user's classic BPF
seccomp filters. addr should be an integer which represents the ith seccomp
filter (0 is the most recently installed filter). data should be a struct
sock_filter * with enough room for the ith filter, or NULL, in which case
the filter is not saved. The return value for this command is the number of
BPF instructions the program represents, or negative in the case of errors.
Command specific errors are ENOENT: which indicates that there is no ith
filter in this seccomp tree, and EMEDIUMTYPE, which indicates that the ith
filter was not installed as a classic BPF filter.

A caveat with this approach is that there is no way to get explicitly at
the heirarchy of seccomp filters, and users need to memcmp() filters to
decide which are inherited. This means that a task which installs two of
the same filter can potentially confuse users of this interface.

v2: * make save_orig const
    * check that the orig_prog exists (not necessary right now, but when
       grows eBPF support it will be)
    * s/n/filter_off and make it an unsigned long to match ptrace
    * count "down" the tree instead of "up" when passing a filter offset

v3: * don't take the current task's lock for inspecting its seccomp mode
    * use a 0x42** constant for the ptrace command value

v4: * don't copy to userspace while holding spinlocks

v5: * add another condition to WARN_ON

v6: * rebase on net-next

Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen 
Acked-by: Kees Cook 
CC: Will Drewry 
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov 
CC: Andy Lutomirski 
CC: Pavel Emelyanov 
CC: Serge E. Hallyn 
CC: Alexei Starovoitov 
CC: Daniel Borkmann 
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov 
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller

seccomp: swap hard-coded zeros to defined name

2015-07-15T18:52:54+00:00

For clarity, if CONFIG_SECCOMP isn't defined, seccomp_mode() is returning
"disabled". This makes that more clear, along with another 0-use, and
results in no operational change.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook