<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>linux-toradex.git/include/linux/vmalloc.h, branch v2.6.38.6</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel for Apalis and Colibri modules</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>mm: unify module_alloc code for vmalloc</title>
<updated>2011-01-14T01:32:34+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>David Rientjes</name>
<email>rientjes@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2011-01-13T23:46:02+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=d0a21265dfb5fa8ae54e90d0fb6d1c215b10a28a'/>
<id>d0a21265dfb5fa8ae54e90d0fb6d1c215b10a28a</id>
<content type='text'>
Four architectures (arm, mips, sparc, x86) use __vmalloc_area() for
module_init().  Much of the code is duplicated and can be generalized in a
globally accessible function, __vmalloc_node_range().

__vmalloc_node() now calls into __vmalloc_node_range() with a range of
[VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END) for functionally equivalent behavior.

Each architecture may then use __vmalloc_node_range() directly to remove
the duplication of code.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Cc: Russell King &lt;linux@arm.linux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: Ralf Baechle &lt;ralf@linux-mips.org&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" &lt;hpa@zytor.com&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Four architectures (arm, mips, sparc, x86) use __vmalloc_area() for
module_init().  Much of the code is duplicated and can be generalized in a
globally accessible function, __vmalloc_node_range().

__vmalloc_node() now calls into __vmalloc_node_range() with a range of
[VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END) for functionally equivalent behavior.

Each architecture may then use __vmalloc_node_range() directly to remove
the duplication of code.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Cc: Russell King &lt;linux@arm.linux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: Ralf Baechle &lt;ralf@linux-mips.org&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" &lt;hpa@zytor.com&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: remove gfp mask from pcpu_get_vm_areas</title>
<updated>2011-01-14T01:32:34+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>David Rientjes</name>
<email>rientjes@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2011-01-13T23:46:01+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=ec3f64fc9c196a304c4b7db3e1ff56d640628509'/>
<id>ec3f64fc9c196a304c4b7db3e1ff56d640628509</id>
<content type='text'>
pcpu_get_vm_areas() only uses GFP_KERNEL allocations, so remove the gfp_t
formal and use the mask internally.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
pcpu_get_vm_areas() only uses GFP_KERNEL allocations, so remove the gfp_t
formal and use the mask internally.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: remove unused get_vm_area_node</title>
<updated>2011-01-14T01:32:34+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>David Rientjes</name>
<email>rientjes@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2011-01-13T23:46:00+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=e5a5623b28198aa91ea71ee5d3846757fc76bc87'/>
<id>e5a5623b28198aa91ea71ee5d3846757fc76bc87</id>
<content type='text'>
get_vm_area_node() is unused in the kernel and can thus be removed.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
get_vm_area_node() is unused in the kernel and can thus be removed.

Signed-off-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vmalloc: eagerly clear ptes on vunmap</title>
<updated>2010-12-02T22:51:15+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Jeremy Fitzhardinge</name>
<email>jeremy@goop.org</email>
</author>
<published>2010-12-02T22:31:18+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=64141da587241301ce8638cc945f8b67853156ec'/>
<id>64141da587241301ce8638cc945f8b67853156ec</id>
<content type='text'>
On stock 2.6.37-rc4, running:

  # mount lilith:/export /mnt/lilith
  # find  /mnt/lilith/ -type f -print0 | xargs -0 file

crashes the machine fairly quickly under Xen.  Often it results in oops
messages, but the couple of times I tried just now, it just hung quietly
and made Xen print some rude messages:

    (XEN) mm.c:2389:d80 Bad type (saw 7400000000000001 != exp
    3000000000000000) for mfn 1d7058 (pfn 18fa7)
    (XEN) mm.c:964:d80 Attempt to create linear p.t. with write perms
    (XEN) mm.c:2389:d80 Bad type (saw 7400000000000010 != exp
    1000000000000000) for mfn 1d2e04 (pfn 1d1fb)
    (XEN) mm.c:2965:d80 Error while pinning mfn 1d2e04

Which means the domain tried to map a pagetable page RW, which would
allow it to map arbitrary memory, so Xen stopped it.  This is because
vm_unmap_ram() left some pages mapped in the vmalloc area after NFS had
finished with them, and those pages got recycled as pagetable pages
while still having these RW aliases.

Removing those mappings immediately removes the Xen-visible aliases, and
so it has no problem with those pages being reused as pagetable pages.
Deferring the TLB flush doesn't upset Xen because it can flush the TLB
itself as needed to maintain its invariants.

When unmapping a region in the vmalloc space, clear the ptes
immediately.  There's no point in deferring this because there's no
amortization benefit.

The TLBs are left dirty, and they are flushed lazily to amortize the
cost of the IPIs.

This specific motivation for this patch is an oops-causing regression
since 2.6.36 when using NFS under Xen, triggered by the NFS client's use
of vm_map_ram() introduced in 56e4ebf877b60 ("NFS: readdir with vmapped
pages") .  XFS also uses vm_map_ram() and could cause similar problems.

Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge &lt;jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@kernel.dk&gt;
Cc: Bryan Schumaker &lt;bjschuma@netapp.com&gt;
Cc: Trond Myklebust &lt;Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com&gt;
Cc: Alex Elder &lt;aelder@sgi.com&gt;
Cc: Dave Chinner &lt;david@fromorbit.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
On stock 2.6.37-rc4, running:

  # mount lilith:/export /mnt/lilith
  # find  /mnt/lilith/ -type f -print0 | xargs -0 file

crashes the machine fairly quickly under Xen.  Often it results in oops
messages, but the couple of times I tried just now, it just hung quietly
and made Xen print some rude messages:

    (XEN) mm.c:2389:d80 Bad type (saw 7400000000000001 != exp
    3000000000000000) for mfn 1d7058 (pfn 18fa7)
    (XEN) mm.c:964:d80 Attempt to create linear p.t. with write perms
    (XEN) mm.c:2389:d80 Bad type (saw 7400000000000010 != exp
    1000000000000000) for mfn 1d2e04 (pfn 1d1fb)
    (XEN) mm.c:2965:d80 Error while pinning mfn 1d2e04

Which means the domain tried to map a pagetable page RW, which would
allow it to map arbitrary memory, so Xen stopped it.  This is because
vm_unmap_ram() left some pages mapped in the vmalloc area after NFS had
finished with them, and those pages got recycled as pagetable pages
while still having these RW aliases.

Removing those mappings immediately removes the Xen-visible aliases, and
so it has no problem with those pages being reused as pagetable pages.
Deferring the TLB flush doesn't upset Xen because it can flush the TLB
itself as needed to maintain its invariants.

When unmapping a region in the vmalloc space, clear the ptes
immediately.  There's no point in deferring this because there's no
amortization benefit.

The TLBs are left dirty, and they are flushed lazily to amortize the
cost of the IPIs.

This specific motivation for this patch is an oops-causing regression
since 2.6.36 when using NFS under Xen, triggered by the NFS client's use
of vm_map_ram() introduced in 56e4ebf877b60 ("NFS: readdir with vmapped
pages") .  XFS also uses vm_map_ram() and could cause similar problems.

Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge &lt;jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@kernel.dk&gt;
Cc: Bryan Schumaker &lt;bjschuma@netapp.com&gt;
Cc: Trond Myklebust &lt;Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com&gt;
Cc: Alex Elder &lt;aelder@sgi.com&gt;
Cc: Dave Chinner &lt;david@fromorbit.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: add vzalloc() and vzalloc_node() helpers</title>
<updated>2010-10-26T23:52:10+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Dave Young</name>
<email>hidave.darkstar@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2010-10-26T21:22:06+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=e1ca7788dec6773b1a2bce51b7141948f2b8bccf'/>
<id>e1ca7788dec6773b1a2bce51b7141948f2b8bccf</id>
<content type='text'>
Add vzalloc() and vzalloc_node() to encapsulate the
vmalloc-then-memset-zero operation.

Use __GFP_ZERO to zero fill the allocated memory.

Signed-off-by: Dave Young &lt;hidave.darkstar@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer &lt;gerg@snapgear.com&gt;
Cc: David Howells &lt;dhowells@redhat.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Add vzalloc() and vzalloc_node() to encapsulate the
vmalloc-then-memset-zero operation.

Use __GFP_ZERO to zero fill the allocated memory.

Signed-off-by: Dave Young &lt;hidave.darkstar@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Acked-by: Greg Ungerer &lt;gerg@snapgear.com&gt;
Cc: David Howells &lt;dhowells@redhat.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vmalloc: pcpu_get/free_vm_areas() aren't needed on UP</title>
<updated>2010-09-08T09:10:47+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Tejun Heo</name>
<email>tj@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2010-09-03T16:22:47+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=4f8b02b4e5c6896e073bed736136d420bd44b627'/>
<id>4f8b02b4e5c6896e073bed736136d420bd44b627</id>
<content type='text'>
These functions are used only by percpu memory allocator on SMP.
Don't build them on UP.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@kernel.dk&gt;
Reviewed-by: Chrsitoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
These functions are used only by percpu memory allocator on SMP.
Don't build them on UP.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@kernel.dk&gt;
Reviewed-by: Chrsitoph Lameter &lt;cl@linux.com&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Merge branch 'stable/xen-swiotlb-0.8.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen</title>
<updated>2010-08-12T16:09:41+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2010-08-12T16:09:41+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=26f0cf91813bdc8e61595f8ad6660251e2ee9cf6'/>
<id>26f0cf91813bdc8e61595f8ad6660251e2ee9cf6</id>
<content type='text'>
* 'stable/xen-swiotlb-0.8.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen:
  x86: Detect whether we should use Xen SWIOTLB.
  pci-swiotlb-xen: Add glue code to setup dma_ops utilizing xen_swiotlb_* functions.
  swiotlb-xen: SWIOTLB library for Xen PV guest with PCI passthrough.
  xen/mmu: inhibit vmap aliases rather than trying to clear them out
  vmap: add flag to allow lazy unmap to be disabled at runtime
  xen: Add xen_create_contiguous_region
  xen: Rename the balloon lock
  xen: Allow unprivileged Xen domains to create iomap pages
  xen: use _PAGE_IOMAP in ioremap to do machine mappings

Fix up trivial conflicts (adding both xen swiotlb and xen pci platform
driver setup close to each other) in drivers/xen/{Kconfig,Makefile} and
include/xen/xen-ops.h
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
* 'stable/xen-swiotlb-0.8.6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen:
  x86: Detect whether we should use Xen SWIOTLB.
  pci-swiotlb-xen: Add glue code to setup dma_ops utilizing xen_swiotlb_* functions.
  swiotlb-xen: SWIOTLB library for Xen PV guest with PCI passthrough.
  xen/mmu: inhibit vmap aliases rather than trying to clear them out
  vmap: add flag to allow lazy unmap to be disabled at runtime
  xen: Add xen_create_contiguous_region
  xen: Rename the balloon lock
  xen: Allow unprivileged Xen domains to create iomap pages
  xen: use _PAGE_IOMAP in ioremap to do machine mappings

Fix up trivial conflicts (adding both xen swiotlb and xen pci platform
driver setup close to each other) in drivers/xen/{Kconfig,Makefile} and
include/xen/xen-ops.h
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vmap: add flag to allow lazy unmap to be disabled at runtime</title>
<updated>2010-07-27T15:49:09+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Jeremy Fitzhardinge</name>
<email>jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com</email>
</author>
<published>2010-03-26T22:28:51+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=a0d40c80256e31b23849f2ba781b74bf0218a1fa'/>
<id>a0d40c80256e31b23849f2ba781b74bf0218a1fa</id>
<content type='text'>
Add a flag to force lazy_max_pages() to zero to prevent any outstanding
mapped pages.  We'll need this for Xen.

Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge &lt;jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk &lt;konrad.wilk@oracle.com&gt;
Acked-by: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Add a flag to force lazy_max_pages() to zero to prevent any outstanding
mapped pages.  We'll need this for Xen.

Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge &lt;jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk &lt;konrad.wilk@oracle.com&gt;
Acked-by: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>x86, ioremap: Fix incorrect physical address handling in PAE mode</title>
<updated>2010-07-09T18:42:03+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Kenji Kaneshige</name>
<email>kaneshige.kenji@jp.fujitsu.com</email>
</author>
<published>2010-06-18T03:22:40+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=ffa71f33a820d1ab3f2fc5723819ac60fb76080b'/>
<id>ffa71f33a820d1ab3f2fc5723819ac60fb76080b</id>
<content type='text'>
Current x86 ioremap() doesn't handle physical address higher than
32-bit properly in X86_32 PAE mode. When physical address higher than
32-bit is passed to ioremap(), higher 32-bits in physical address is
cleared wrongly. Due to this bug, ioremap() can map wrong address to
linear address space.

In my case, 64-bit MMIO region was assigned to a PCI device (ioat
device) on my system. Because of the ioremap()'s bug, wrong physical
address (instead of MMIO region) was mapped to linear address space.
Because of this, loading ioatdma driver caused unexpected behavior
(kernel panic, kernel hangup, ...).

Signed-off-by: Kenji Kaneshige &lt;kaneshige.kenji@jp.fujitsu.com&gt;
LKML-Reference: &lt;4C1AE680.7090408@jp.fujitsu.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin &lt;hpa@linux.intel.com&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Current x86 ioremap() doesn't handle physical address higher than
32-bit properly in X86_32 PAE mode. When physical address higher than
32-bit is passed to ioremap(), higher 32-bits in physical address is
cleared wrongly. Due to this bug, ioremap() can map wrong address to
linear address space.

In my case, 64-bit MMIO region was assigned to a PCI device (ioat
device) on my system. Because of the ioremap()'s bug, wrong physical
address (instead of MMIO region) was mapped to linear address space.
Because of this, loading ioatdma driver caused unexpected behavior
(kernel panic, kernel hangup, ...).

Signed-off-by: Kenji Kaneshige &lt;kaneshige.kenji@jp.fujitsu.com&gt;
LKML-Reference: &lt;4C1AE680.7090408@jp.fujitsu.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin &lt;hpa@linux.intel.com&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vmalloc: implement pcpu_get_vm_areas()</title>
<updated>2009-08-14T06:00:52+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Tejun Heo</name>
<email>tj@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2009-08-14T06:00:52+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=ca23e405e06d5fffb005df004c72781f76062f51'/>
<id>ca23e405e06d5fffb005df004c72781f76062f51</id>
<content type='text'>
To directly use spread NUMA memories for percpu units, percpu
allocator will be updated to allow sparsely mapping units in a chunk.
As the distances between units can be very large, this makes
allocating single vmap area for each chunk undesirable.  This patch
implements pcpu_get_vm_areas() and pcpu_free_vm_areas() which
allocates and frees sparse congruent vmap areas.

pcpu_get_vm_areas() take @offsets and @sizes array which define
distances and sizes of vmap areas.  It scans down from the top of
vmalloc area looking for the top-most address which can accomodate all
the areas.  The top-down scan is to avoid interacting with regular
vmallocs which can push up these congruent areas up little by little
ending up wasting address space and page table.

To speed up top-down scan, the highest possible address hint is
maintained.  Although the scan is linear from the hint, given the
usual large holes between memory addresses between NUMA nodes, the
scanning is highly likely to finish after finding the first hole for
the last unit which is scanned first.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
To directly use spread NUMA memories for percpu units, percpu
allocator will be updated to allow sparsely mapping units in a chunk.
As the distances between units can be very large, this makes
allocating single vmap area for each chunk undesirable.  This patch
implements pcpu_get_vm_areas() and pcpu_free_vm_areas() which
allocates and frees sparse congruent vmap areas.

pcpu_get_vm_areas() take @offsets and @sizes array which define
distances and sizes of vmap areas.  It scans down from the top of
vmalloc area looking for the top-most address which can accomodate all
the areas.  The top-down scan is to avoid interacting with regular
vmallocs which can push up these congruent areas up little by little
ending up wasting address space and page table.

To speed up top-down scan, the highest possible address hint is
maintained.  Although the scan is linear from the hint, given the
usual large holes between memory addresses between NUMA nodes, the
scanning is highly likely to finish after finding the first hole for
the last unit which is scanned first.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Nick Piggin &lt;npiggin@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
</feed>
