In a case when a ptp chardev (like /dev/ptp0) is open but an underlying
device is removed, closing this file leads to a race. This reproduces
easily in a kvm virtual machine:

ts# cat openptp0.c
int main() { ... fp = fopen("/dev/ptp0", "r"); ... sleep(10); }
ts# uname -r
5.5.0-rc3-46cf053e
ts# cat /proc/cmdline
... slub_debug=FZP
ts# modprobe ptp_kvm
ts# ./openptp0 &
[1] 670
opened /dev/ptp0, sleeping 10s...
ts# rmmod ptp_kvm
ts# ls /dev/ptp*
ls: cannot access '/dev/ptp*': No such file or directory
ts# ...woken up
[   48.010809] general protection fault: 0000 [#1] SMP
[   48.012502] CPU: 6 PID: 658 Comm: openptp0 Not tainted 5.5.0-rc3-46cf053e #25
[   48.014624] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), ...
[   48.016270] RIP: 0010:module_put.part.0+0x7/0x80
[   48.017939] RSP: 0018:ffffb3850073be00 EFLAGS: 00010202
[   48.018339] RAX: 000000006b6b6b6b RBX: 6b6b6b6b6b6b6b6b RCX: ffff89a476c00ad0
[   48.018936] RDX: fffff65a08d3ea08 RSI: 0000000000000247 RDI: 6b6b6b6b6b6b6b6b
[   48.019470] ...                                              ^^^ a slub poison
[   48.023854] Call Trace:
[   48.024050]  __fput+0x21f/0x240
[   48.024288]  task_work_run+0x79/0x90
[   48.024555]  do_exit+0x2af/0xab0
[   48.024799]  ? vfs_write+0x16a/0x190
[   48.025082]  do_group_exit+0x35/0x90
[   48.025387]  __x64_sys_exit_group+0xf/0x10
[   48.025737]  do_syscall_64+0x3d/0x130
[   48.026056]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[   48.026479] RIP: 0033:0x7f53b12082f6
[   48.026792] ...
[   48.030945] Modules linked in: ptp i6300esb watchdog [last unloaded: ptp_kvm]
[   48.045001] Fixing recursive fault but reboot is needed!

This happens in:

static void __fput(struct file *file)
{   ...
    if (file->f_op->release)
        file->f_op->release(inode, file); <<< cdev is kfree'd here
    if (unlikely(S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev != NULL &&
             !(mode & FMODE_PATH))) {
        cdev_put(inode->i_cdev); <<< cdev fields are accessed here

Namely:

__fput()
  posix_clock_release()
    kref_put(&clk->kref, delete_clock) <<< the last reference
      delete_clock()
        delete_ptp_clock()
          kfree(ptp) <<< cdev is embedded in ptp
  cdev_put
    module_put(p->owner) <<< *p is kfree'd, bang!

Here cdev is embedded in posix_clock which is embedded in ptp_clock.
The race happens because ptp_clock's lifetime is controlled by two
refcounts: kref and cdev.kobj in posix_clock. This is wrong.

Make ptp_clock's sysfs device a parent of cdev with cdev_device_add()
created especially for such cases. This way the parent device with its
ptp_clock is not released until all references to the cdev are released.
This adds a requirement that an initialized but not exposed struct
device should be provided to posix_clock_register() by a caller instead
of a simple dev_t.

This approach was adopted from the commit 72139dfa2464 ("watchdog: Fix
the race between the release of watchdog_core_data and cdev"). See
details of the implementation in the commit 233ed09d7fda ("chardev: add
helper function to register char devs with a struct device").

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-fsdevel/20191125125342.6189-1-vdronov@redhat.com/T/#u
Analyzed-by: Stephen Johnston <sjohnsto@redhat.com>
Analyzed-by: Vern Lovejoy <vlovejoy@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladis Dronov <vdronov@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Pull timer updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes in the timer code in this cycle were:

   - Clockevent updates:

      - timer-of framework cleanups. (Geert Uytterhoeven)

      - Use timer-of for the renesas-ostm and the device name to prevent
        name collision in case of multiple timers. (Geert Uytterhoeven)

      - Check if there is an error after calling of_clk_get in asm9260
        (Chuhong Yuan)

   - ABI fix: Zero out high order bits of nanoseconds on compat
     syscalls. This got broken a year ago, with apparently no side
     effects so far.

     Since the kernel would use random data otherwise I don't think we'd
     have other options but to fix the bug, even if there was a side
     effect to applications (Dmitry Safonov)

   - Optimize ns_to_timespec64() on 32-bit systems: move away from
     div_s64_rem() which can be slow, to div_u64_rem() which is faster
     (Arnd Bergmann)

   - Annotate KCSAN-reported false positive data races in
     hrtimer_is_queued() users by moving timer->state handling over to
     the READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE() APIs. This documents these accesses
     (Eric Dumazet)

   - Misc cleanups and small fixes"

[ I undid the "ABI fix" and updated the comments instead. The reason
  there were apparently no side effects is that the fix was a no-op.

  The updated comment is to say _why_ it was a no-op.    - Linus ]

* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  time: Zero the upper 32-bits in __kernel_timespec on 32-bit
  time: Rename tsk->real_start_time to ->start_boottime
  hrtimer: Remove the comment about not used HRTIMER_SOFTIRQ
  time: Fix spelling mistake in comment
  time: Optimize ns_to_timespec64()
  hrtimer: Annotate lockless access to timer->state
  clocksource/drivers/asm9260: Add a check for of_clk_get
  clocksource/drivers/renesas-ostm: Use unique device name instead of ostm
  clocksource/drivers/renesas-ostm: Convert to timer_of
  clocksource/drivers/timer-of: Use unique device name instead of timer
  clocksource/drivers/timer-of: Convert last full_name to %pOF

Pull y2038 cleanups from Arnd Bergmann:
 "y2038 syscall implementation cleanups

  This is a series of cleanups for the y2038 work, mostly intended for
  namespace cleaning: the kernel defines the traditional time_t, timeval
  and timespec types that often lead to y2038-unsafe code. Even though
  the unsafe usage is mostly gone from the kernel, having the types and
  associated functions around means that we can still grow new users,
  and that we may be missing conversions to safe types that actually
  matter.

  There are still a number of driver specific patches needed to get the
  last users of these types removed, those have been submitted to the
  respective maintainers"

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191108210236.1296047-1-arnd@arndb.de/

* tag 'y2038-cleanups-5.5' of git://git.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/playground: (26 commits)
  y2038: alarm: fix half-second cut-off
  y2038: ipc: fix x32 ABI breakage
  y2038: fix typo in powerpc vdso "LOPART"
  y2038: allow disabling time32 system calls
  y2038: itimer: change implementation to timespec64
  y2038: move itimer reset into itimer.c
  y2038: use compat_{get,set}_itimer on alpha
  y2038: itimer: compat handling to itimer.c
  y2038: time: avoid timespec usage in settimeofday()
  y2038: timerfd: Use timespec64 internally
  y2038: elfcore: Use __kernel_old_timeval for process times
  y2038: make ns_to_compat_timeval use __kernel_old_timeval
  y2038: socket: use __kernel_old_timespec instead of timespec
  y2038: socket: remove timespec reference in timestamping
  y2038: syscalls: change remaining timeval to __kernel_old_timeval
  y2038: rusage: use __kernel_old_timeval
  y2038: uapi: change __kernel_time_t to __kernel_old_time_t
  y2038: stat: avoid 'time_t' in 'struct stat'
  y2038: ipc: remove __kernel_time_t reference from headers
  y2038: vdso: powerpc: avoid timespec references
  ...

Pull RCU updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "The main changes in this cycle were:

   - Dynamic tick (nohz) updates, perhaps most notably changes to force
     the tick on when needed due to lengthy in-kernel execution on CPUs
     on which RCU is waiting.

   - Linux-kernel memory consistency model updates.

   - Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_prepace_pointer().

   - Torture-test updates.

   - Documentation updates.

   - Miscellaneous fixes"

* 'core-rcu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (51 commits)
  security/safesetid: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  net/sched: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  net/netfilter: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  net/core: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  bpf/cgroup: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  fs/afs: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  drivers/scsi: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  drm/i915: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  x86/kvm/pmu: Replace rcu_swap_protected() with rcu_replace_pointer()
  rcu: Upgrade rcu_swap_protected() to rcu_replace_pointer()
  rcu: Suppress levelspread uninitialized messages
  rcu: Fix uninitialized variable in nocb_gp_wait()
  rcu: Update descriptions for rcu_future_grace_period tracepoint
  rcu: Update descriptions for rcu_nocb_wake tracepoint
  rcu: Remove obsolete descriptions for rcu_barrier tracepoint
  rcu: Ensure that ->rcu_urgent_qs is set before resched IPI
  workqueue: Convert for_each_wq to use built-in list check
  rcu: Several rcu_segcblist functions can be static
  rcu: Remove unused function hlist_bl_del_init_rcu()
  Documentation: Rename rcu_node_context_switch() to rcu_note_context_switch()
  ...

Changing alarm_itimer accidentally broke the logic for arithmetic
rounding of half seconds in the return code.

Change it to a constant based on NSEC_PER_SEC, as suggested by
Ben Hutchings.

Fixes: bd40a175769d ("y2038: itimer: change implementation to timespec64")
Reported-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

On compat interfaces, the high order bits of nanoseconds should be zeroed
out. This is because the application code or the libc do not guarantee
zeroing of these. If used without zeroing, kernel might be at risk of using
timespec values incorrectly.

Originally it was handled correctly, but lost during is_compat_syscall()
cleanup. Revert the condition back to check CONFIG_64BIT.

Fixes: 98f76206b335 ("compat: Cleanup in_compat_syscall() callers")
Reported-by: Ben Hutchings <ben.hutchings@codethink.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Safonov <dima@arista.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191121000303.126523-1-dima@arista.com

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

There is no 64-bit version of getitimer/setitimer since that is not
actually needed. However, the implementation is built around the
deprecated 'struct timeval' type.

Change the code to use timespec64 internally to reduce the dependencies
on timeval and associated helper functions.

Minor adjustments in the code are needed to make the native and compat
version work the same way, and to keep the range check working after
the conversion.

Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>

Preparing for a change to the itimer internals, stop using the
do_setitimer() symbol and instead use a new higher-level interface.

The do_getitimer()/do_setitimer functions can now be made static,
allowing the compiler to potentially produce better object code.

Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>