linux-toradex.git/mm/backing-dev.c, branch v4.7

mm: throttle on IO only when there are too many dirty and writeback pages

2016-05-21T00:58:30+00:00

wait_iff_congested has been used to throttle allocator before it retried
another round of direct reclaim to allow the writeback to make some
progress and prevent reclaim from looping over dirty/writeback pages
without making any progress.

We used to do congestion_wait before commit 0e093d99763e ("writeback: do
not sleep on the congestion queue if there are no congested BDIs or if
significant congestion is not being encountered in the current zone")
but that led to undesirable stalls and sleeping for the full timeout
even when the BDI wasn't congested.  Hence wait_iff_congested was used
instead.

But it seems that even wait_iff_congested doesn't work as expected.  We
might have a small file LRU list with all pages dirty/writeback and yet
the bdi is not congested so this is just a cond_resched in the end and
can end up triggering pre mature OOM.

This patch replaces the unconditional wait_iff_congested by
congestion_wait which is executed only if we _know_ that the last round
of direct reclaim didn't make any progress and dirty+writeback pages are
more than a half of the reclaimable pages on the zone which might be
usable for our target allocation.  This shouldn't reintroduce stalls
fixed by 0e093d99763e because congestion_wait is called only when we are
getting hopeless when sleeping is a better choice than OOM with many
pages under IO.

We have to preserve logic introduced by commit 373ccbe59270 ("mm,
vmstat: allow WQ concurrency to discover memory reclaim doesn't make any
progress") into the __alloc_pages_slowpath now that wait_iff_congested
is not used anymore.  As the only remaining user of wait_iff_congested
is shrink_inactive_list we can remove the WQ specific short sleep from
wait_iff_congested because the sleep is needed to be done only once in
the allocation retry cycle.

[mhocko@suse.com: high_zoneidx->ac_classzone_idx to evaluate memory reserves properly]
 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1463051677-29418-2-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko 
Acked-by: Hillf Danton 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: Tetsuo Handa 
Cc: Vladimir Davydov 
Cc: Vlastimil Babka 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

writeback: fix the wrong congested state variable definition

2016-03-31T18:26:25+00:00

The right variable definition should be wb_congested_state that
include WB_async_congested and WB_sync_congested. So fix it.

Signed-off-by: Kaixu Xia 
Acked-by: Tejun Heo 
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe

mm: convert printk(KERN_ to pr_

2016-03-17T22:09:34+00:00

Most of the mm subsystem uses pr_ so make it consistent.

Miscellanea:

 - Realign arguments
 - Add missing newline to format
 - kmemleak-test.c has a "kmemleak: " prefix added to the
   "Kmemleak testing" logging message via pr_fmt

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches 
Acked-by: Tejun Heo 	[percpu]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm/backing-dev.c: fix error path in wb_init()

2016-02-12T02:35:48+00:00

We need to use post-decrement to get percpu_counter_destroy() called on
&wb->stat[0].  Moreover, the pre-decremebt would cause infinite
out-of-bounds accesses if the setup code failed at i==0.

Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes 
Cc: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: Michal Hocko 
Cc: Vladimir Davydov 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, vmstat: fix wrong WQ sleep when memory reclaim doesn't make any progress

2016-02-06T02:10:40+00:00

Jan Stancek has reported that system occasionally hanging after "oom01"
testcase from LTP triggers OOM.  Guessing from a result that there is a
kworker thread doing memory allocation and the values between "Node 0
Normal free:" and "Node 0 Normal:" differs when hanging, vmstat is not
up-to-date for some reason.

According to commit 373ccbe59270 ("mm, vmstat: allow WQ concurrency to
discover memory reclaim doesn't make any progress"), it meant to force
the kworker thread to take a short sleep, but it by error used
schedule_timeout(1).  We missed that schedule_timeout() in state
TASK_RUNNING doesn't do anything.

Fix it by using schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1) which forces the
kworker thread to take a short sleep in order to make sure that vmstat
is up-to-date.

Fixes: 373ccbe59270 ("mm, vmstat: allow WQ concurrency to discover memory reclaim doesn't make any progress")
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa 
Reported-by: Jan Stancek 
Acked-by: Michal Hocko 
Cc: Tejun Heo 
Cc: Cristopher Lameter 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Arkadiusz Miskiewicz 
Cc: 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: memcontrol: export root_mem_cgroup

2016-01-15T00:00:49+00:00

A later patch will need this symbol in files other than memcontrol.c, so
export it now and replace mem_cgroup_root_css at the same time.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner 
Acked-by: Michal Hocko 
Acked-by: David S. Miller 
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Davydov 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, vmstat: allow WQ concurrency to discover memory reclaim doesn't make any progress

2015-12-12T18:15:34+00:00

Tetsuo Handa has reported that the system might basically livelock in
OOM condition without triggering the OOM killer.

The issue is caused by internal dependency of the direct reclaim on
vmstat counter updates (via zone_reclaimable) which are performed from
the workqueue context.  If all the current workers get assigned to an
allocation request, though, they will be looping inside the allocator
trying to reclaim memory but zone_reclaimable can see stalled numbers so
it will consider a zone reclaimable even though it has been scanned way
too much.  WQ concurrency logic will not consider this situation as a
congested workqueue because it relies that worker would have to sleep in
such a situation.  This also means that it doesn't try to spawn new
workers or invoke the rescuer thread if the one is assigned to the
queue.

In order to fix this issue we need to do two things.  First we have to
let wq concurrency code know that we are in trouble so we have to do a
short sleep.  In order to prevent from issues handled by 0e093d99763e
("writeback: do not sleep on the congestion queue if there are no
congested BDIs or if significant congestion is not being encountered in
the current zone") we limit the sleep only to worker threads which are
the ones of the interest anyway.

The second thing to do is to create a dedicated workqueue for vmstat and
mark it WQ_MEM_RECLAIM to note it participates in the reclaim and to
have a spare worker thread for it.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko 
Reported-by: Tetsuo Handa 
Cc: Tejun Heo 
Cc: Cristopher Lameter 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Arkadiusz Miskiewicz 
Cc: 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm, page_alloc: distinguish between being unable to sleep, unwilling to sleep and avoiding waking kswapd

2015-11-07T01:50:42+00:00

__GFP_WAIT has been used to identify atomic context in callers that hold
spinlocks or are in interrupts.  They are expected to be high priority and
have access one of two watermarks lower than "min" which can be referred
to as the "atomic reserve".  __GFP_HIGH users get access to the first
lower watermark and can be called the "high priority reserve".

Over time, callers had a requirement to not block when fallback options
were available.  Some have abused __GFP_WAIT leading to a situation where
an optimisitic allocation with a fallback option can access atomic
reserves.

This patch uses __GFP_ATOMIC to identify callers that are truely atomic,
cannot sleep and have no alternative.  High priority users continue to use
__GFP_HIGH.  __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM identifies callers that can sleep and
are willing to enter direct reclaim.  __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM to identify
callers that want to wake kswapd for background reclaim.  __GFP_WAIT is
redefined as a caller that is willing to enter direct reclaim and wake
kswapd for background reclaim.

This patch then converts a number of sites

o __GFP_ATOMIC is used by callers that are high priority and have memory
  pools for those requests. GFP_ATOMIC uses this flag.

o Callers that have a limited mempool to guarantee forward progress clear
  __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM but keep __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM. bio allocations fall
  into this category where kswapd will still be woken but atomic reserves
  are not used as there is a one-entry mempool to guarantee progress.

o Callers that are checking if they are non-blocking should use the
  helper gfpflags_allow_blocking() where possible. This is because
  checking for __GFP_WAIT as was done historically now can trigger false
  positives. Some exceptions like dm-crypt.c exist where the code intent
  is clearer if __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM is used instead of the helper due to
  flag manipulations.

o Callers that built their own GFP flags instead of starting with GFP_KERNEL
  and friends now also need to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM.

The first key hazard to watch out for is callers that removed __GFP_WAIT
and was depending on access to atomic reserves for inconspicuous reasons.
In some cases it may be appropriate for them to use __GFP_HIGH.

The second key hazard is callers that assembled their own combination of
GFP flags instead of starting with something like GFP_KERNEL.  They may
now wish to specify __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM.  It's almost certainly harmless
if it's missed in most cases as other activity will wake kswapd.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman 
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Acked-by: Michal Hocko 
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Vitaly Wool 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

writeback: remove broken rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() usage in cgwb_bdi_destroy()

2015-10-21T14:17:29+00:00

a20135ffbc44 ("writeback: don't drain bdi_writeback_congested on bdi
destruction") added rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() which is
used to remove all entries; however, according to Cody, the iterator
isn't safe against operations which may rebalance the tree.  Fix it by
switching to repeatedly removing rb_first() until empty.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo 
Reported-by: Cody P Schafer 
Fixes: a20135ffbc44 ("writeback: don't drain bdi_writeback_congested on bdi destruction")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/g/1443997973-1700-1-git-send-email-dev@codyps.com
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe

block: don't release bdi while request_queue has live references

2015-10-15T15:53:28+00:00

bdi's are initialized in two steps, bdi_init() and bdi_register(), but
destroyed in a single step by bdi_destroy() which, for a bdi embedded
in a request_queue, is called during blk_cleanup_queue() which makes
the queue invisible and starts the draining of remaining usages.

A request_queue's user can access the congestion state of the embedded
bdi as long as it holds a reference to the queue.  As such, it may
access the congested state of a queue which finished
blk_cleanup_queue() but hasn't reached blk_release_queue() yet.
Because the congested state was embedded in backing_dev_info which in
turn is embedded in request_queue, accessing the congested state after
bdi_destroy() was called was fine.  The bdi was destroyed but the
memory region for the congested state remained accessible till the
queue got released.

a13f35e87140 ("writeback: don't embed root bdi_writeback_congested in
bdi_writeback") changed the situation.  Now, the root congested state
which is expected to be pinned while request_queue remains accessible
is separately reference counted and the base ref is put during
bdi_destroy().  This means that the root congested state may go away
prematurely while the queue is between bdi_dstroy() and
blk_cleanup_queue(), which was detected by Andrey's KASAN tests.

The root cause of this problem is that bdi doesn't distinguish the two
steps of destruction, unregistration and release, and now the root
congested state actually requires a separate release step.  To fix the
issue, this patch separates out bdi_unregister() and bdi_exit() from
bdi_destroy().  bdi_unregister() is called from blk_cleanup_queue()
and bdi_exit() from blk_release_queue().  bdi_destroy() is now just a
simple wrapper calling the two steps back-to-back.

While at it, the prototype of bdi_destroy() is moved right below
bdi_setup_and_register() so that the counterpart operations are
located together.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo 
Fixes: a13f35e87140 ("writeback: don't embed root bdi_writeback_congested in bdi_writeback")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.2+
Reported-and-tested-by: Andrey Konovalov 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/g/CAAeHK+zUJ74Zn17=rOyxacHU18SgCfC6bsYW=6kCY5GXJBwGfQ@mail.gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara 
Reviewed-by: Jeff Moyer 
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe