<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>linux-toradex.git/sound/core/control.c, branch v5.2</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel for Apalis and Colibri modules</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 156</title>
<updated>2019-05-30T18:26:35+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Thomas Gleixner</name>
<email>tglx@linutronix.de</email>
</author>
<published>2019-05-27T06:55:05+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=1a59d1b8e05ea6ab45f7e18897de1ef0e6bc3da6'/>
<id>1a59d1b8e05ea6ab45f7e18897de1ef0e6bc3da6</id>
<content type='text'>
Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):

  this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
  it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
  the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
  your option any later version this program is distributed in the
  hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even
  the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular
  purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you
  should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along
  with this program if not write to the free software foundation inc
  59 temple place suite 330 boston ma 02111 1307 usa

extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier

  GPL-2.0-or-later

has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 1334 file(s).

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal &lt;allison@lohutok.net&gt;
Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana &lt;rfontana@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070033.113240726@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Based on 1 normalized pattern(s):

  this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify
  it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by
  the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at
  your option any later version this program is distributed in the
  hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even
  the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular
  purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you
  should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along
  with this program if not write to the free software foundation inc
  59 temple place suite 330 boston ma 02111 1307 usa

extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier

  GPL-2.0-or-later

has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 1334 file(s).

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Reviewed-by: Allison Randal &lt;allison@lohutok.net&gt;
Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana &lt;rfontana@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: linux-spdx@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190527070033.113240726@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>*: convert stream-like files from nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open</title>
<updated>2019-05-06T14:46:41+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Kirill Smelkov</name>
<email>kirr@nexedi.com</email>
</author>
<published>2019-03-26T20:51:19+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=c5bf68fe0c86a5835bd2e6aead1c49976360753f'/>
<id>c5bf68fe0c86a5835bd2e6aead1c49976360753f</id>
<content type='text'>
Using scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci added in 10dce8af3422
("fs: stream_open - opener for stream-like files so that read and write
can run simultaneously without deadlock"), search and convert to
stream_open all in-kernel nonseekable_open users for which read and
write actually do not depend on ppos and where there is no other methods
in file_operations which assume @offset access.

I've verified each generated change manually - that it is correct to convert -
and each other nonseekable_open instance left - that it is either not correct
to convert there, or that it is not converted due to current stream_open.cocci
limitations. The script also does not convert files that should be valid to
convert, but that currently have .llseek = noop_llseek or generic_file_llseek
for unknown reason despite file being opened with nonseekable_open (e.g.
drivers/input/mousedev.c)

Among cases converted 14 were potentially vulnerable to read vs write deadlock
(see details in 10dce8af3422):

	drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c:1685:7-23: ERROR: cm4000_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/gnss/core.c:45:1-17: ERROR: gnss_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/hid/uhid.c:635:1-17: ERROR: uhid_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/infiniband/core/user_mad.c:988:1-17: ERROR: umad_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/input/evdev.c:527:1-17: ERROR: evdev_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/input/misc/uinput.c:401:1-17: ERROR: uinput_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/isdn/capi/capi.c:963:8-24: ERROR: capi_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/leds/uleds.c:77:1-17: ERROR: uleds_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/media/rc/lirc_dev.c:198:1-17: ERROR: lirc_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/s390/char/fs3270.c:488:1-17: ERROR: fs3270_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/usb/misc/ldusb.c:310:1-17: ERROR: ld_usb_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/xen/evtchn.c:667:8-24: ERROR: evtchn_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	net/batman-adv/icmp_socket.c:80:1-17: ERROR: batadv_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	net/rfkill/core.c:1146:8-24: ERROR: rfkill_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.

and the rest were just safe to convert to stream_open because their read and
write do not use ppos at all and corresponding file_operations do not
have methods that assume @offset file access(*):

	arch/powerpc/platforms/52xx/mpc52xx_gpt.c:631:8-24: WARNING: mpc52xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/um/drivers/harddog_kern.c:88:8-24: WARNING: harddog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c:430:33-49: WARNING: microcode_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/ds1620.c:215:8-24: WARNING: ds1620_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/dtlk.c:301:1-17: WARNING: dtlk_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_watchdog.c:840:9-25: WARNING: ipmi_wdog_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/pcmcia/scr24x_cs.c:95:8-24: WARNING: scr24x_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/tb0219.c:246:9-25: WARNING: tb0219_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/firewire/nosy.c:306:8-24: WARNING: nosy_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/hwmon/fschmd.c:840:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/hwmon/w83793.c:1344:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1747:8-24: WARNING: ucma_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/ucm.c:1178:8-24: WARNING: ucm_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/uverbs_main.c:1086:8-24: WARNING: uverbs_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/input/joydev.c:282:1-17: WARNING: joydev_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c:393:1-17: WARNING: switchtec_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/platform/chrome/cros_ec_debugfs.c:135:8-24: WARNING: cros_ec_console_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/rtc/rtc-ds1374.c:470:9-25: WARNING: ds1374_wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/rtc/rtc-m41t80.c:805:9-25: WARNING: wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/char/tape_char.c:293:2-18: WARNING: tape_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/char/zcore.c:194:8-24: WARNING: zcore_reipl_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c:528:8-24: WARNING: zcrypt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/spi/spidev.c:594:1-17: WARNING: spidev_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/staging/pi433/pi433_if.c:974:1-17: WARNING: pi433_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c:203:8-24: WARNING: acq_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c:202:8-24: WARNING: advwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/alim1535_wdt.c:252:8-24: WARNING: ali_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/alim7101_wdt.c:217:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ar7_wdt.c:166:8-24: WARNING: ar7_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/at91rm9200_wdt.c:113:8-24: WARNING: at91wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ath79_wdt.c:135:8-24: WARNING: ath79_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/bcm63xx_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: bcm63xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/cpu5wdt.c:143:8-24: WARNING: cpu5wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/cpwd.c:397:8-24: WARNING: cpwd_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: eurwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/f71808e_wdt.c:528:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/gef_wdt.c:232:8-24: WARNING: gef_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.c:95:8-24: WARNING: geodewdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c:241:8-24: WARNING: ibwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ibmasr.c:326:8-24: WARNING: asr_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/indydog.c:80:8-24: WARNING: indydog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/intel_scu_watchdog.c:307:8-24: WARNING: intel_scu_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/iop_wdt.c:104:8-24: WARNING: iop_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/it8712f_wdt.c:330:8-24: WARNING: it8712f_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ixp4xx_wdt.c:68:8-24: WARNING: ixp4xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ks8695_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: ks8695wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/m54xx_wdt.c:88:8-24: WARNING: m54xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/machzwd.c:336:8-24: WARNING: zf_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mixcomwd.c:153:8-24: WARNING: mixcomwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mtx-1_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: mtx1_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c:136:8-24: WARNING: mv64x60_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/nuc900_wdt.c:134:8-24: WARNING: nuc900wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.c:164:8-24: WARNING: nv_tco_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c:289:8-24: WARNING: pc87413_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:698:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:737:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:581:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:623:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:488:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:527:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_temperature_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pika_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: pikawdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pnx833x_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: pnx833x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/rc32434_wdt.c:153:8-24: WARNING: rc32434_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/rdc321x_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: rdc321x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/riowd.c:79:1-17: WARNING: riowd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c:62:8-24: WARNING: sa1100dog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc60xxwdt.c:211:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c:139:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c:274:8-24: WARNING: sbc8360_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc_epx_c3.c:81:8-24: WARNING: epx_c3_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc_fitpc2_wdt.c:78:8-24: WARNING: fitpc2_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sb_wdog.c:108:1-17: WARNING: sbwdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sc1200wdt.c:181:8-24: WARNING: sc1200wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sc520_wdt.c:261:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: sch311x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/scx200_wdt.c:105:8-24: WARNING: scx200_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/smsc37b787_wdt.c:369:8-24: WARNING: wb_smsc_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/w83877f_wdt.c:227:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/w83977f_wdt.c:301:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c:200:8-24: WARNING: wafwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c:828:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:379:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:445:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt285.c:104:1-17: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt977.c:276:8-24: WARNING: wdt977_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:424:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:484:8-24: WARNING: wdt_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:464:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:527:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	net/batman-adv/log.c:105:1-17: WARNING: batadv_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/control.c:57:7-23: WARNING: snd_ctl_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/rawmidi.c:385:7-23: WARNING: snd_rawmidi_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c:310:7-23: WARNING: snd_seq_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/timer.c:1428:7-23: WARNING: snd_timer_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.

One can also recheck/review the patch via generating it with explanation comments included via

	$ make coccicheck MODE=patch COCCI=scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci SPFLAGS="-D explain"

(*) This second group also contains cases with read/write deadlocks that
stream_open.cocci don't yet detect, but which are still valid to convert to
stream_open since ppos is not used. For example drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c
calls wait_for_completion_interruptible() in its .read, but stream_open.cocci
currently detects only "wait_event*" as blocking.

Cc: Michael Kerrisk &lt;mtk.manpages@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Yongzhi Pan &lt;panyongzhi@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Cc: David Vrabel &lt;david.vrabel@citrix.com&gt;
Cc: Juergen Gross &lt;jgross@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Miklos Szeredi &lt;miklos@szeredi.hu&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Kirill Tkhai &lt;ktkhai@virtuozzo.com&gt;
Cc: Arnd Bergmann &lt;arnd@arndb.de&gt;
Cc: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Julia Lawall &lt;Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr&gt;
Cc: Nikolaus Rath &lt;Nikolaus@rath.org&gt;
Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys &lt;hanwen@google.com&gt;
Cc: Anatolij Gustschin &lt;agust@denx.de&gt;
Cc: Jeff Dike &lt;jdike@addtoit.com&gt;
Cc: Richard Weinberger &lt;richard@nod.at&gt;
Cc: Anton Ivanov &lt;anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com&gt;
Cc: Borislav Petkov &lt;bp@alien8.de&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "James R. Van Zandt" &lt;jrv@vanzandt.mv.com&gt;
Cc: Corey Minyard &lt;minyard@acm.org&gt;
Cc: Harald Welte &lt;laforge@gnumonks.org&gt;
Acked-by: Lubomir Rintel &lt;lkundrak@v3.sk&gt; [scr24x_cs]
Cc: Stefan Richter &lt;stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de&gt;
Cc: Johan Hovold &lt;johan@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: David Herrmann &lt;dh.herrmann@googlemail.com&gt;
Cc: Jiri Kosina &lt;jikos@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Benjamin Tissoires &lt;benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: Jean Delvare &lt;jdelvare@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Guenter Roeck &lt;linux@roeck-us.net&gt;	[watchdog/* hwmon/*]
Cc: Rudolf Marek &lt;r.marek@assembler.cz&gt;
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov &lt;dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Karsten Keil &lt;isdn@linux-pingi.de&gt;
Cc: Jacek Anaszewski &lt;jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Pavel Machek &lt;pavel@ucw.cz&gt;
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Kurt Schwemmer &lt;kurt.schwemmer@microsemi.com&gt;
Acked-by: Logan Gunthorpe &lt;logang@deltatee.com&gt; [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas &lt;bhelgaas@google.com&gt; [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Cc: Benson Leung &lt;bleung@chromium.org&gt;
Acked-by: Enric Balletbo i Serra &lt;enric.balletbo@collabora.com&gt; [platform/chrome]
Cc: Alessandro Zummo &lt;a.zummo@towertech.it&gt;
Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni &lt;alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com&gt; [rtc/*]
Cc: Mark Brown &lt;broonie@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck &lt;wim@linux-watchdog.org&gt;
Cc: Florian Fainelli &lt;f.fainelli@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: bcm-kernel-feedback-list@broadcom.com
Cc: Wan ZongShun &lt;mcuos.com@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Zwane Mwaikambo &lt;zwanem@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Marek Lindner &lt;mareklindner@neomailbox.ch&gt;
Cc: Simon Wunderlich &lt;sw@simonwunderlich.de&gt;
Cc: Antonio Quartulli &lt;a@unstable.cc&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Johannes Berg &lt;johannes@sipsolutions.net&gt;
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela &lt;perex@perex.cz&gt;
Cc: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Kirill Smelkov &lt;kirr@nexedi.com&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Using scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci added in 10dce8af3422
("fs: stream_open - opener for stream-like files so that read and write
can run simultaneously without deadlock"), search and convert to
stream_open all in-kernel nonseekable_open users for which read and
write actually do not depend on ppos and where there is no other methods
in file_operations which assume @offset access.

I've verified each generated change manually - that it is correct to convert -
and each other nonseekable_open instance left - that it is either not correct
to convert there, or that it is not converted due to current stream_open.cocci
limitations. The script also does not convert files that should be valid to
convert, but that currently have .llseek = noop_llseek or generic_file_llseek
for unknown reason despite file being opened with nonseekable_open (e.g.
drivers/input/mousedev.c)

Among cases converted 14 were potentially vulnerable to read vs write deadlock
(see details in 10dce8af3422):

	drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c:1685:7-23: ERROR: cm4000_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/gnss/core.c:45:1-17: ERROR: gnss_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/hid/uhid.c:635:1-17: ERROR: uhid_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/infiniband/core/user_mad.c:988:1-17: ERROR: umad_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/input/evdev.c:527:1-17: ERROR: evdev_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/input/misc/uinput.c:401:1-17: ERROR: uinput_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/isdn/capi/capi.c:963:8-24: ERROR: capi_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/leds/uleds.c:77:1-17: ERROR: uleds_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/media/rc/lirc_dev.c:198:1-17: ERROR: lirc_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/s390/char/fs3270.c:488:1-17: ERROR: fs3270_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/usb/misc/ldusb.c:310:1-17: ERROR: ld_usb_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	drivers/xen/evtchn.c:667:8-24: ERROR: evtchn_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	net/batman-adv/icmp_socket.c:80:1-17: ERROR: batadv_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.
	net/rfkill/core.c:1146:8-24: ERROR: rfkill_fops: .read() can deadlock .write(); change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open to fix.

and the rest were just safe to convert to stream_open because their read and
write do not use ppos at all and corresponding file_operations do not
have methods that assume @offset file access(*):

	arch/powerpc/platforms/52xx/mpc52xx_gpt.c:631:8-24: WARNING: mpc52xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_ibox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_mbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/file.c:591:8-24: WARNING: spufs_wbox_stat_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/um/drivers/harddog_kern.c:88:8-24: WARNING: harddog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/core.c:430:33-49: WARNING: microcode_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/ds1620.c:215:8-24: WARNING: ds1620_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/dtlk.c:301:1-17: WARNING: dtlk_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_watchdog.c:840:9-25: WARNING: ipmi_wdog_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/pcmcia/scr24x_cs.c:95:8-24: WARNING: scr24x_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/char/tb0219.c:246:9-25: WARNING: tb0219_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/firewire/nosy.c:306:8-24: WARNING: nosy_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/hwmon/fschmd.c:840:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/hwmon/w83793.c:1344:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1747:8-24: WARNING: ucma_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/ucm.c:1178:8-24: WARNING: ucm_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/infiniband/core/uverbs_main.c:1086:8-24: WARNING: uverbs_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/input/joydev.c:282:1-17: WARNING: joydev_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c:393:1-17: WARNING: switchtec_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/platform/chrome/cros_ec_debugfs.c:135:8-24: WARNING: cros_ec_console_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/rtc/rtc-ds1374.c:470:9-25: WARNING: ds1374_wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/rtc/rtc-m41t80.c:805:9-25: WARNING: wdt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/char/tape_char.c:293:2-18: WARNING: tape_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/char/zcore.c:194:8-24: WARNING: zcore_reipl_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_api.c:528:8-24: WARNING: zcrypt_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/spi/spidev.c:594:1-17: WARNING: spidev_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/staging/pi433/pi433_if.c:974:1-17: WARNING: pi433_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c:203:8-24: WARNING: acq_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c:202:8-24: WARNING: advwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/alim1535_wdt.c:252:8-24: WARNING: ali_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/alim7101_wdt.c:217:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ar7_wdt.c:166:8-24: WARNING: ar7_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/at91rm9200_wdt.c:113:8-24: WARNING: at91wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ath79_wdt.c:135:8-24: WARNING: ath79_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/bcm63xx_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: bcm63xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/cpu5wdt.c:143:8-24: WARNING: cpu5wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/cpwd.c:397:8-24: WARNING: cpwd_fops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: eurwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/f71808e_wdt.c:528:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/gef_wdt.c:232:8-24: WARNING: gef_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/geodewdt.c:95:8-24: WARNING: geodewdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c:241:8-24: WARNING: ibwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ibmasr.c:326:8-24: WARNING: asr_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/indydog.c:80:8-24: WARNING: indydog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/intel_scu_watchdog.c:307:8-24: WARNING: intel_scu_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/iop_wdt.c:104:8-24: WARNING: iop_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/it8712f_wdt.c:330:8-24: WARNING: it8712f_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ixp4xx_wdt.c:68:8-24: WARNING: ixp4xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/ks8695_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: ks8695wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/m54xx_wdt.c:88:8-24: WARNING: m54xx_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/machzwd.c:336:8-24: WARNING: zf_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mixcomwd.c:153:8-24: WARNING: mixcomwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mtx-1_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: mtx1_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c:136:8-24: WARNING: mv64x60_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/nuc900_wdt.c:134:8-24: WARNING: nuc900wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.c:164:8-24: WARNING: nv_tco_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c:289:8-24: WARNING: pc87413_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:698:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd.c:737:8-24: WARNING: pcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:581:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c:623:8-24: WARNING: pcipcwd_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:488:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c:527:8-24: WARNING: usb_pcwd_temperature_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pika_wdt.c:121:8-24: WARNING: pikawdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/pnx833x_wdt.c:119:8-24: WARNING: pnx833x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/rc32434_wdt.c:153:8-24: WARNING: rc32434_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/rdc321x_wdt.c:145:8-24: WARNING: rdc321x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/riowd.c:79:1-17: WARNING: riowd_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c:62:8-24: WARNING: sa1100dog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc60xxwdt.c:211:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c:139:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c:274:8-24: WARNING: sbc8360_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc_epx_c3.c:81:8-24: WARNING: epx_c3_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sbc_fitpc2_wdt.c:78:8-24: WARNING: fitpc2_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sb_wdog.c:108:1-17: WARNING: sbwdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sc1200wdt.c:181:8-24: WARNING: sc1200wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sc520_wdt.c:261:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c:319:8-24: WARNING: sch311x_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/scx200_wdt.c:105:8-24: WARNING: scx200_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/smsc37b787_wdt.c:369:8-24: WARNING: wb_smsc_wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/w83877f_wdt.c:227:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/w83977f_wdt.c:301:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c:200:8-24: WARNING: wafwdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c:828:8-24: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:379:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdrtas.c:445:8-24: WARNING: wdrtas_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt285.c:104:1-17: WARNING: watchdog_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt977.c:276:8-24: WARNING: wdt977_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:424:8-24: WARNING: wdt_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt.c:484:8-24: WARNING: wdt_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:464:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_fops: .write() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c:527:8-24: WARNING: wdtpci_temp_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	net/batman-adv/log.c:105:1-17: WARNING: batadv_log_fops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/control.c:57:7-23: WARNING: snd_ctl_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/rawmidi.c:385:7-23: WARNING: snd_rawmidi_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c:310:7-23: WARNING: snd_seq_f_ops: .read() and .write() have stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.
	sound/core/timer.c:1428:7-23: WARNING: snd_timer_f_ops: .read() has stream semantic; safe to change nonseekable_open -&gt; stream_open.

One can also recheck/review the patch via generating it with explanation comments included via

	$ make coccicheck MODE=patch COCCI=scripts/coccinelle/api/stream_open.cocci SPFLAGS="-D explain"

(*) This second group also contains cases with read/write deadlocks that
stream_open.cocci don't yet detect, but which are still valid to convert to
stream_open since ppos is not used. For example drivers/pci/switch/switchtec.c
calls wait_for_completion_interruptible() in its .read, but stream_open.cocci
currently detects only "wait_event*" as blocking.

Cc: Michael Kerrisk &lt;mtk.manpages@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Yongzhi Pan &lt;panyongzhi@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Cc: David Vrabel &lt;david.vrabel@citrix.com&gt;
Cc: Juergen Gross &lt;jgross@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Miklos Szeredi &lt;miklos@szeredi.hu&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Kirill Tkhai &lt;ktkhai@virtuozzo.com&gt;
Cc: Arnd Bergmann &lt;arnd@arndb.de&gt;
Cc: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Julia Lawall &lt;Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr&gt;
Cc: Nikolaus Rath &lt;Nikolaus@rath.org&gt;
Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys &lt;hanwen@google.com&gt;
Cc: Anatolij Gustschin &lt;agust@denx.de&gt;
Cc: Jeff Dike &lt;jdike@addtoit.com&gt;
Cc: Richard Weinberger &lt;richard@nod.at&gt;
Cc: Anton Ivanov &lt;anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com&gt;
Cc: Borislav Petkov &lt;bp@alien8.de&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "James R. Van Zandt" &lt;jrv@vanzandt.mv.com&gt;
Cc: Corey Minyard &lt;minyard@acm.org&gt;
Cc: Harald Welte &lt;laforge@gnumonks.org&gt;
Acked-by: Lubomir Rintel &lt;lkundrak@v3.sk&gt; [scr24x_cs]
Cc: Stefan Richter &lt;stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de&gt;
Cc: Johan Hovold &lt;johan@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: David Herrmann &lt;dh.herrmann@googlemail.com&gt;
Cc: Jiri Kosina &lt;jikos@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Benjamin Tissoires &lt;benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: Jean Delvare &lt;jdelvare@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Guenter Roeck &lt;linux@roeck-us.net&gt;	[watchdog/* hwmon/*]
Cc: Rudolf Marek &lt;r.marek@assembler.cz&gt;
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov &lt;dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Karsten Keil &lt;isdn@linux-pingi.de&gt;
Cc: Jacek Anaszewski &lt;jacek.anaszewski@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Pavel Machek &lt;pavel@ucw.cz&gt;
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab &lt;mchehab@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Kurt Schwemmer &lt;kurt.schwemmer@microsemi.com&gt;
Acked-by: Logan Gunthorpe &lt;logang@deltatee.com&gt; [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas &lt;bhelgaas@google.com&gt; [drivers/pci/switch/switchtec]
Cc: Benson Leung &lt;bleung@chromium.org&gt;
Acked-by: Enric Balletbo i Serra &lt;enric.balletbo@collabora.com&gt; [platform/chrome]
Cc: Alessandro Zummo &lt;a.zummo@towertech.it&gt;
Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni &lt;alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com&gt; [rtc/*]
Cc: Mark Brown &lt;broonie@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck &lt;wim@linux-watchdog.org&gt;
Cc: Florian Fainelli &lt;f.fainelli@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: bcm-kernel-feedback-list@broadcom.com
Cc: Wan ZongShun &lt;mcuos.com@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Zwane Mwaikambo &lt;zwanem@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Marek Lindner &lt;mareklindner@neomailbox.ch&gt;
Cc: Simon Wunderlich &lt;sw@simonwunderlich.de&gt;
Cc: Antonio Quartulli &lt;a@unstable.cc&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Johannes Berg &lt;johannes@sipsolutions.net&gt;
Cc: Jaroslav Kysela &lt;perex@perex.cz&gt;
Cc: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Kirill Smelkov &lt;kirr@nexedi.com&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ALSA: control: Consolidate helpers for adding and replacing ctl elements</title>
<updated>2018-11-24T19:04:10+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Iwai</name>
<email>tiwai@suse.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-11-22T14:22:40+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=3103c08f968ddba3fff339a59aba40389b3f724f'/>
<id>3103c08f968ddba3fff339a59aba40389b3f724f</id>
<content type='text'>
Both snd_ctl_add() and snd_ctl_replace() process the things in a
fairly similar way, and indeed the most of the codes can be unified.

This patch is a refactoring to consolidate the both functions to call
a single helper with an extra "mode" argument.  There should be no
functional difference, except for one additional sanity check applied
now to snd_ctl_replace() (which was rather overlooking, IMO), too.

Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Both snd_ctl_add() and snd_ctl_replace() process the things in a
fairly similar way, and indeed the most of the codes can be unified.

This patch is a refactoring to consolidate the both functions to call
a single helper with an extra "mode" argument.  There should be no
functional difference, except for one additional sanity check applied
now to snd_ctl_replace() (which was rather overlooking, IMO), too.

Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ALSA: control: Fix race between adding and removing a user element</title>
<updated>2018-11-24T18:57:51+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Iwai</name>
<email>tiwai@suse.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-11-22T13:36:17+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=e1a7bfe3807974e66f971f2589d4e0197ec0fced'/>
<id>e1a7bfe3807974e66f971f2589d4e0197ec0fced</id>
<content type='text'>
The procedure for adding a user control element has some window opened
for race against the concurrent removal of a user element.  This was
caught by syzkaller, hitting a KASAN use-after-free error.

This patch addresses the bug by wrapping the whole procedure to add a
user control element with the card-&gt;controls_rwsem, instead of only
around the increment of card-&gt;user_ctl_count.

This required a slight code refactoring, too.  The function
snd_ctl_add() is split to two parts: a core function to add the
control element and a part calling it.  The former is called from the
function for adding a user control element inside the controls_rwsem.

One change to be noted is that snd_ctl_notify() for adding a control
element gets called inside the controls_rwsem as well while it was
called outside the rwsem.  But this should be OK, as snd_ctl_notify()
takes another (finer) rwlock instead of rwsem, and the call of
snd_ctl_notify() inside rwsem is already done in another code path.

Reported-by: syzbot+dc09047bce3820621ba2@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
The procedure for adding a user control element has some window opened
for race against the concurrent removal of a user element.  This was
caught by syzkaller, hitting a KASAN use-after-free error.

This patch addresses the bug by wrapping the whole procedure to add a
user control element with the card-&gt;controls_rwsem, instead of only
around the increment of card-&gt;user_ctl_count.

This required a slight code refactoring, too.  The function
snd_ctl_add() is split to two parts: a core function to add the
control element and a part calling it.  The former is called from the
function for adding a user control element inside the controls_rwsem.

One change to be noted is that snd_ctl_notify() for adding a control
element gets called inside the controls_rwsem as well while it was
called outside the rwsem.  But this should be OK, as snd_ctl_notify()
takes another (finer) rwlock instead of rwsem, and the call of
snd_ctl_notify() inside rwsem is already done in another code path.

Reported-by: syzbot+dc09047bce3820621ba2@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ALSA: control: Fix missing __user annotation</title>
<updated>2018-04-23T14:19:52+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Takashi Iwai</name>
<email>tiwai@suse.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-04-23T13:01:44+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=1ba7862f1f5a7a3b268cf79ac236611546888a90'/>
<id>1ba7862f1f5a7a3b268cf79ac236611546888a90</id>
<content type='text'>
There is one place missing __user annotation to the pointer used by
the recent code refactoring.  Reported by sparse.

Fixes: 450296f305f1 ("ALSA: control: code refactoring TLV ioctl handler")
Reviewed-by: Takashi Sakamoto &lt;o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
There is one place missing __user annotation to the pointer used by
the recent code refactoring.  Reported by sparse.

Fixes: 450296f305f1 ("ALSA: control: code refactoring TLV ioctl handler")
Reviewed-by: Takashi Sakamoto &lt;o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ALSA: control: Fix a bunch of whitespace errors</title>
<updated>2018-02-28T07:18:26+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Richard Fitzgerald</name>
<email>rf@opensource.cirrus.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-02-27T17:29:54+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=dd5f313be0d4d7a46f0e82c42aed4fbc784699ea'/>
<id>dd5f313be0d4d7a46f0e82c42aed4fbc784699ea</id>
<content type='text'>
Remove a bunch of trailing whitespace errors. They are
fairly annoying if you have your editor set to strip trailing
whitespace because you find you've introduced more changes
than you were trying to make.

Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald &lt;rf@opensource.cirrus.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Remove a bunch of trailing whitespace errors. They are
fairly annoying if you have your editor set to strip trailing
whitespace because you find you've introduced more changes
than you were trying to make.

Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald &lt;rf@opensource.cirrus.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ALSA: control: Fix memory corruption risk in snd_ctl_elem_read</title>
<updated>2018-02-28T07:15:56+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Richard Fitzgerald</name>
<email>rf@opensource.cirrus.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-02-27T17:01:18+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=5a23699a39abc5328921a81b89383d088f6ba9cc'/>
<id>5a23699a39abc5328921a81b89383d088f6ba9cc</id>
<content type='text'>
The patch "ALSA: control: code refactoring for ELEM_READ/ELEM_WRITE
operations" introduced a potential for kernel memory corruption due
to an incorrect if statement allowing non-readable controls to fall
through and call the get function. For TLV controls a driver can omit
SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ to ensure that only the TLV get function
can be called. Instead the normal get() can be invoked unexpectedly
and as the driver expects that this will only be called for controls
&lt;= 512 bytes, potentially try to copy &gt;512 bytes into the 512 byte
return array, so corrupting kernel memory.

The problem is an attempt to refactor the snd_ctl_elem_read function
to invert the logic so that it conditionally aborted if the control
is unreadable instead of conditionally executing. But the if statement
wasn't inverted correctly.

The correct inversion of

    if (a &amp;&amp; !b)

is
    if (!a || b)

Fixes: becf9e5d553c2 ("ALSA: control: code refactoring for ELEM_READ/ELEM_WRITE operations")
Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald &lt;rf@opensource.cirrus.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
The patch "ALSA: control: code refactoring for ELEM_READ/ELEM_WRITE
operations" introduced a potential for kernel memory corruption due
to an incorrect if statement allowing non-readable controls to fall
through and call the get function. For TLV controls a driver can omit
SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ to ensure that only the TLV get function
can be called. Instead the normal get() can be invoked unexpectedly
and as the driver expects that this will only be called for controls
&lt;= 512 bytes, potentially try to copy &gt;512 bytes into the 512 byte
return array, so corrupting kernel memory.

The problem is an attempt to refactor the snd_ctl_elem_read function
to invert the logic so that it conditionally aborted if the control
is unreadable instead of conditionally executing. But the if statement
wasn't inverted correctly.

The correct inversion of

    if (a &amp;&amp; !b)

is
    if (!a || b)

Fixes: becf9e5d553c2 ("ALSA: control: code refactoring for ELEM_READ/ELEM_WRITE operations")
Signed-off-by: Richard Fitzgerald &lt;rf@opensource.cirrus.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai &lt;tiwai@suse.de&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>vfs: do bulk POLL* -&gt; EPOLL* replacement</title>
<updated>2018-02-11T22:34:03+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2018-02-11T22:34:03+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=a9a08845e9acbd224e4ee466f5c1275ed50054e8'/>
<id>a9a08845e9acbd224e4ee466f5c1275ed50054e8</id>
<content type='text'>
This is the mindless scripted replacement of kernel use of POLL*
variables as described by Al, done by this script:

    for V in IN OUT PRI ERR RDNORM RDBAND WRNORM WRBAND HUP RDHUP NVAL MSG; do
        L=`git grep -l -w POLL$V | grep -v '^t' | grep -v /um/ | grep -v '^sa' | grep -v '/poll.h$'|grep -v '^D'`
        for f in $L; do sed -i "-es/^\([^\"]*\)\(\&lt;POLL$V\&gt;\)/\\1E\\2/" $f; done
    done

with de-mangling cleanups yet to come.

NOTE! On almost all architectures, the EPOLL* constants have the same
values as the POLL* constants do.  But they keyword here is "almost".
For various bad reasons they aren't the same, and epoll() doesn't
actually work quite correctly in some cases due to this on Sparc et al.

The next patch from Al will sort out the final differences, and we
should be all done.

Scripted-by: Al Viro &lt;viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
This is the mindless scripted replacement of kernel use of POLL*
variables as described by Al, done by this script:

    for V in IN OUT PRI ERR RDNORM RDBAND WRNORM WRBAND HUP RDHUP NVAL MSG; do
        L=`git grep -l -w POLL$V | grep -v '^t' | grep -v /um/ | grep -v '^sa' | grep -v '/poll.h$'|grep -v '^D'`
        for f in $L; do sed -i "-es/^\([^\"]*\)\(\&lt;POLL$V\&gt;\)/\\1E\\2/" $f; done
    done

with de-mangling cleanups yet to come.

NOTE! On almost all architectures, the EPOLL* constants have the same
values as the POLL* constants do.  But they keyword here is "almost".
For various bad reasons they aren't the same, and epoll() doesn't
actually work quite correctly in some cases due to this on Sparc et al.

The next patch from Al will sort out the final differences, and we
should be all done.

Scripted-by: Al Viro &lt;viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Merge branch 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs</title>
<updated>2018-01-31T17:25:20+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2018-01-31T17:25:20+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.toradex.cn/cgit/linux-toradex.git/commit/?id=19e7b5f99474107e8d0b4b3e4652fa19ddb87efc'/>
<id>19e7b5f99474107e8d0b4b3e4652fa19ddb87efc</id>
<content type='text'>
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "All kinds of misc stuff, without any unifying topic, from various
  people.

  Neil's d_anon patch, several bugfixes, introduction of kvmalloc
  analogue of kmemdup_user(), extending bitfield.h to deal with
  fixed-endians, assorted cleanups all over the place..."

* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (28 commits)
  alpha: osf_sys.c: use timespec64 where appropriate
  alpha: osf_sys.c: fix put_tv32 regression
  jffs2: Fix use-after-free bug in jffs2_iget()'s error handling path
  dcache: delete unused d_hash_mask
  dcache: subtract d_hash_shift from 32 in advance
  fs/buffer.c: fold init_buffer() into init_page_buffers()
  fs: fold __inode_permission() into inode_permission()
  fs: add RWF_APPEND
  sctp: use vmemdup_user() rather than badly open-coding memdup_user()
  snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names(): switch to vmemdup_user()
  replace_user_tlv(): switch to vmemdup_user()
  new primitive: vmemdup_user()
  memdup_user(): switch to GFP_USER
  eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_get() into eventfd_ctx_fileget()
  eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_read() into eventfd_read()
  eventfd: convert to use anon_inode_getfd()
  nfs4file: get rid of pointless include of btrfs.h
  uvc_v4l2: clean copyin/copyout up
  vme_user: don't use __copy_..._user()
  usx2y: don't bother with memdup_user() for 16-byte structure
  ...
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "All kinds of misc stuff, without any unifying topic, from various
  people.

  Neil's d_anon patch, several bugfixes, introduction of kvmalloc
  analogue of kmemdup_user(), extending bitfield.h to deal with
  fixed-endians, assorted cleanups all over the place..."

* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (28 commits)
  alpha: osf_sys.c: use timespec64 where appropriate
  alpha: osf_sys.c: fix put_tv32 regression
  jffs2: Fix use-after-free bug in jffs2_iget()'s error handling path
  dcache: delete unused d_hash_mask
  dcache: subtract d_hash_shift from 32 in advance
  fs/buffer.c: fold init_buffer() into init_page_buffers()
  fs: fold __inode_permission() into inode_permission()
  fs: add RWF_APPEND
  sctp: use vmemdup_user() rather than badly open-coding memdup_user()
  snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names(): switch to vmemdup_user()
  replace_user_tlv(): switch to vmemdup_user()
  new primitive: vmemdup_user()
  memdup_user(): switch to GFP_USER
  eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_get() into eventfd_ctx_fileget()
  eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_read() into eventfd_read()
  eventfd: convert to use anon_inode_getfd()
  nfs4file: get rid of pointless include of btrfs.h
  uvc_v4l2: clean copyin/copyout up
  vme_user: don't use __copy_..._user()
  usx2y: don't bother with memdup_user() for 16-byte structure
  ...
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names(): switch to vmemdup_user()</title>
<updated>2018-01-20T03:35:58+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Al Viro</name>
<email>viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk</email>
</author>
<published>2018-01-07T18:11:03+00:00</published>
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<id>59aeaf3fef9dcf59dc595390dd5b89dfedcb8926</id>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro &lt;viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk&gt;
</content>
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<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
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Signed-off-by: Al Viro &lt;viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk&gt;
</pre>
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</entry>
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