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authorPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>2009-11-22 08:53:48 -0800
committerIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>2009-11-22 18:58:15 +0100
commitb668c9cf3e58739dac54a1d6f42f2b4bdd980b3e (patch)
treec0165d39532a2314f8187d765f3c8ddf88b72831
parent2f51f9884f6a36b0fe9636d5a1937e5cbd25723b (diff)
rcu: Fix grace-period-stall bug on large systems with CPU hotplug
When the last CPU of a given leaf rcu_node structure goes offline, all of the tasks queued on that leaf rcu_node structure (due to having blocked in their current RCU read-side critical sections) are requeued onto the root rcu_node structure. This requeuing is carried out by rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(). However, it is possible that these queued tasks are the only thing preventing the leaf rcu_node structure from reporting a quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy. Unfortunately, the old code would fail to do this reporting, resulting in a grace-period stall given the following sequence of events: 1. Kernel built for more than 32 CPUs on 32-bit systems or for more than 64 CPUs on 64-bit systems, so that there is more than one rcu_node structure. (Or CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT is artificially set to a number smaller than CONFIG_NR_CPUS.) 2. The kernel is built with CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU. 3. A task running on a CPU associated with a given leaf rcu_node structure blocks while in an RCU read-side critical section -and- that CPU has not yet passed through a quiescent state for the current RCU grace period. This will cause the task to be queued on the leaf rcu_node's blocked_tasks[] array, in particular, on the element of this array corresponding to the current grace period. 4. Each of the remaining CPUs corresponding to this same leaf rcu_node structure pass through a quiescent state. However, the task is still in its RCU read-side critical section, so these quiescent states cannot be reported further up the rcu_node hierarchy. Nevertheless, all bits in the leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask field are now zero. 5. Each of the remaining CPUs go offline. (The events in step #4 and #5 can happen in any order as long as each CPU passes through a quiescent state before going offline.) 6. When the last CPU goes offline, __rcu_offline_cpu() will invoke rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(), which will move the task to the root rcu_node structure, but without reporting a quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy (and this failure to report a quiescent state is the bug). But because this leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask field is already zero and its ->block_tasks[] entries are all empty, force_quiescent_state() will skip this rcu_node structure. Therefore, grace periods are now hung. This patch abstracts some code out of rcu_read_unlock_special(), calling the result task_quiet() by analogy with cpu_quiet(), and invokes task_quiet() from both rcu_read_lock_special() and __rcu_offline_cpu(). Invoking task_quiet() from __rcu_offline_cpu() reports the quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy, fixing the bug. This ends up requiring a separate lock_class_key per level of the rcu_node hierarchy, which this patch also provides. Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com Cc: niv@us.ibm.com Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu Cc: dhowells@redhat.com LKML-Reference: <12589088301770-git-send-email-> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
-rw-r--r--kernel/rcutree.c40
-rw-r--r--kernel/rcutree.h3
-rw-r--r--kernel/rcutree_plugin.h85
3 files changed, 85 insertions, 43 deletions
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.c b/kernel/rcutree.c
index 9b36d6d7fb97..b79bfcd28e95 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
/* Data structures. */
-static struct lock_class_key rcu_root_class;
+static struct lock_class_key rcu_node_class[NUM_RCU_LVLS];
#define RCU_STATE_INITIALIZER(name) { \
.level = { &name.node[0] }, \
@@ -936,6 +936,7 @@ static void __rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
{
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long mask;
+ int need_quiet = 0;
struct rcu_data *rdp = rsp->rda[cpu];
struct rcu_node *rnp;
@@ -949,29 +950,30 @@ static void __rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
spin_lock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
rnp->qsmaskinit &= ~mask;
if (rnp->qsmaskinit != 0) {
- spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
+ if (rnp != rdp->mynode)
+ spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
break;
}
-
- /*
- * If there was a task blocking the current grace period,
- * and if all CPUs have checked in, we need to propagate
- * the quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy. But that
- * is inconvenient at the moment due to deadlock issues if
- * this should end the current grace period. So set the
- * offlined CPU's bit in ->qsmask in order to force the
- * next force_quiescent_state() invocation to clean up this
- * mess in a deadlock-free manner.
- */
- if (rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(rsp, rnp, rdp) && !rnp->qsmask)
- rnp->qsmask |= mask;
-
+ if (rnp == rdp->mynode)
+ need_quiet = rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(rsp, rnp, rdp);
+ else
+ spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
mask = rnp->grpmask;
- spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
rnp = rnp->parent;
} while (rnp != NULL);
- spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
+ /*
+ * We still hold the leaf rcu_node structure lock here, and
+ * irqs are still disabled. The reason for this subterfuge is
+ * because invoking task_quiet() with ->onofflock held leads
+ * to deadlock.
+ */
+ spin_unlock(&rsp->onofflock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
+ rnp = rdp->mynode;
+ if (need_quiet)
+ task_quiet(rnp, flags);
+ else
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
rcu_adopt_orphan_cbs(rsp);
}
@@ -1731,6 +1733,7 @@ static void __init rcu_init_one(struct rcu_state *rsp)
rnp = rsp->level[i];
for (j = 0; j < rsp->levelcnt[i]; j++, rnp++) {
spin_lock_init(&rnp->lock);
+ lockdep_set_class(&rnp->lock, &rcu_node_class[i]);
rnp->gpnum = 0;
rnp->qsmask = 0;
rnp->qsmaskinit = 0;
@@ -1753,7 +1756,6 @@ static void __init rcu_init_one(struct rcu_state *rsp)
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rnp->blocked_tasks[1]);
}
}
- lockdep_set_class(&rcu_get_root(rsp)->lock, &rcu_root_class);
}
/*
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.h b/kernel/rcutree.h
index 17a28a08b559..a81188c42929 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.h
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.h
@@ -305,6 +305,9 @@ static void rcu_bootup_announce(void);
long rcu_batches_completed(void);
static void rcu_preempt_note_context_switch(int cpu);
static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp);
+#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
+static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags);
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
static void rcu_print_task_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR */
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
index 5ca2d26c5971..0bdb592eee66 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
+++ b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
@@ -160,11 +160,51 @@ static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp)
return !list_empty(&rnp->blocked_tasks[rnp->gpnum & 0x1]);
}
+/*
+ * Record a quiescent state for all tasks that were previously queued
+ * on the specified rcu_node structure and that were blocking the current
+ * RCU grace period. The caller must hold the specified rnp->lock with
+ * irqs disabled, and this lock is released upon return, but irqs remain
+ * disabled.
+ */
+static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags)
+ __releases(rnp->lock)
+{
+ unsigned long mask;
+ struct rcu_node *rnp_p;
+
+ if (rnp->qsmask != 0 || rcu_preempted_readers(rnp)) {
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
+ return; /* Still need more quiescent states! */
+ }
+
+ rnp_p = rnp->parent;
+ if (rnp_p == NULL) {
+ /*
+ * Either there is only one rcu_node in the tree,
+ * or tasks were kicked up to root rcu_node due to
+ * CPUs going offline.
+ */
+ cpu_quiet_msk_finish(&rcu_preempt_state, flags);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Report up the rest of the hierarchy. */
+ mask = rnp->grpmask;
+ spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
+ spin_lock(&rnp_p->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
+ cpu_quiet_msk(mask, &rcu_preempt_state, rnp_p, flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handle special cases during rcu_read_unlock(), such as needing to
+ * notify RCU core processing or task having blocked during the RCU
+ * read-side critical section.
+ */
static void rcu_read_unlock_special(struct task_struct *t)
{
int empty;
unsigned long flags;
- unsigned long mask;
struct rcu_node *rnp;
int special;
@@ -213,30 +253,15 @@ static void rcu_read_unlock_special(struct task_struct *t)
/*
* If this was the last task on the current list, and if
* we aren't waiting on any CPUs, report the quiescent state.
- * Note that both cpu_quiet_msk_finish() and cpu_quiet_msk()
- * drop rnp->lock and restore irq.
+ * Note that task_quiet() releases rnp->lock.
*/
- if (!empty && rnp->qsmask == 0 &&
- !rcu_preempted_readers(rnp)) {
- struct rcu_node *rnp_p;
-
- if (rnp->parent == NULL) {
- /* Only one rcu_node in the tree. */
- cpu_quiet_msk_finish(&rcu_preempt_state, flags);
- return;
- }
- /* Report up the rest of the hierarchy. */
- mask = rnp->grpmask;
+ if (empty)
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
- rnp_p = rnp->parent;
- spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp_p->lock, flags);
- WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->qsmask);
- cpu_quiet_msk(mask, &rcu_preempt_state, rnp_p, flags);
- return;
- }
- spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);
+ else
+ task_quiet(rnp, flags);
+ } else {
+ local_irq_restore(flags);
}
- local_irq_restore(flags);
}
/*
@@ -303,6 +328,8 @@ static void rcu_preempt_check_blocked_tasks(struct rcu_node *rnp)
* rcu_node. The reason for not just moving them to the immediate
* parent is to remove the need for rcu_read_unlock_special() to
* make more than two attempts to acquire the target rcu_node's lock.
+ * Returns true if there were tasks blocking the current RCU grace
+ * period.
*
* Returns 1 if there was previously a task blocking the current grace
* period on the specified rcu_node structure.
@@ -316,7 +343,7 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
int i;
struct list_head *lp;
struct list_head *lp_root;
- int retval = rcu_preempted_readers(rnp);
+ int retval;
struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root(rsp);
struct task_struct *tp;
@@ -334,6 +361,7 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
* rcu_nodes in terms of gp_num value. This fact allows us to
* move the blocked_tasks[] array directly, element by element.
*/
+ retval = rcu_preempted_readers(rnp);
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
lp = &rnp->blocked_tasks[i];
lp_root = &rnp_root->blocked_tasks[i];
@@ -346,7 +374,6 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
spin_unlock(&rnp_root->lock); /* irqs remain disabled */
}
}
-
return retval;
}
@@ -512,6 +539,16 @@ static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp)
return 0;
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
+
+/* Because preemptible RCU does not exist, no quieting of tasks. */
+static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags)
+{
+ spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
+}
+
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
+
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
/*