rcu: Track idleness independent of idle tasks

Earlier versions of RCU used the scheduling-clock tick to detect idleness
by checking for the idle task, but handled idleness differently for
CONFIG_NO_HZ=y.  But there are now a number of uses of RCU read-side
critical sections in the idle task, for example, for tracing.  A more
fine-grained detection of idleness is therefore required.

This commit presses the old dyntick-idle code into full-time service,
so that rcu_idle_enter(), previously known as rcu_enter_nohz(), is
always invoked at the beginning of an idle loop iteration.  Similarly,
rcu_idle_exit(), previously known as rcu_exit_nohz(), is always invoked
at the end of an idle-loop iteration.  This allows the idle task to
use RCU everywhere except between consecutive rcu_idle_enter() and
rcu_idle_exit() calls, in turn allowing architecture maintainers to
specify exactly where in the idle loop that RCU may be used.

Because some of the userspace upcall uses can result in what looks
to RCU like half of an interrupt, it is not possible to expect that
the irq_enter() and irq_exit() hooks will give exact counts.  This
patch therefore expands the ->dynticks_nesting counter to 64 bits
and uses two separate bitfields to count process/idle transitions
and interrupt entry/exit transitions.  It is presumed that userspace
upcalls do not happen in the idle loop or from usermode execution
(though usermode might do a system call that results in an upcall).
The counter is hard-reset on each process/idle transition, which
avoids the interrupt entry/exit error from accumulating.  Overflow
is avoided by the 64-bitness of the ->dyntick_nesting counter.

This commit also adds warnings if a non-idle task asks RCU to enter
idle state (and these checks will need some adjustment before applying
Frederic's OS-jitter patches (http://lkml.org/lkml/2011/10/7/246).
In addition, validation of ->dynticks and ->dynticks_nesting is added.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>

1 files changed, 107 insertions, 17 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/rcutiny.c b/kernel/rcutiny.c
index 636af6d9c6e5..3ab77bdc90c4 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutiny.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutiny.c
@@ -53,31 +53,122 @@ static void __call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
 
 #include "rcutiny_plugin.h"
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ
+static long long rcu_dynticks_nesting = LLONG_MAX / 2;
 
-static long rcu_dynticks_nesting = 1;
+/* Common code for rcu_idle_enter() and rcu_irq_exit(), see kernel/rcutree.c. */
+static void rcu_idle_enter_common(void)
+{
+	if (rcu_dynticks_nesting) {
+		RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("--=", rcu_dynticks_nesting));
+		return;
+	}
+	RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("Start", rcu_dynticks_nesting));
+	if (!idle_cpu(smp_processor_id())) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);	/* must be idle task! */
+		RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("Error on entry: not idle task",
+					    rcu_dynticks_nesting));
+		ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
+	}
+	rcu_sched_qs(0); /* implies rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(0) */
+}
 
 /*
- * Enter dynticks-idle mode, which is an extended quiescent state
- * if we have fully entered that mode (i.e., if the new value of
- * dynticks_nesting is zero).
+ * Enter idle, which is an extended quiescent state if we have fully
+ * entered that mode (i.e., if the new value of dynticks_nesting is zero).
  */
-void rcu_enter_nohz(void)
+void rcu_idle_enter(void)
 {
-	if (--rcu_dynticks_nesting == 0)
-		rcu_sched_qs(0); /* implies rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(0) */
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	local_irq_save(flags);
+	rcu_dynticks_nesting = 0;
+	rcu_idle_enter_common();
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
 }
 
 /*
- * Exit dynticks-idle mode, so that we are no longer in an extended
- * quiescent state.
+ * Exit an interrupt handler towards idle.
+ */
+void rcu_irq_exit(void)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	local_irq_save(flags);
+	rcu_dynticks_nesting--;
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_dynticks_nesting < 0);
+	rcu_idle_enter_common();
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
+}
+
+/* Common code for rcu_idle_exit() and rcu_irq_enter(), see kernel/rcutree.c. */
+static void rcu_idle_exit_common(long long oldval)
+{
+	if (oldval) {
+		RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("++=", rcu_dynticks_nesting));
+		return;
+	}
+	RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("End", oldval));
+	if (!idle_cpu(smp_processor_id())) {
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);	/* must be idle task! */
+		RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_dyntick("Error on exit: not idle task",
+			  oldval));
+		ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Exit idle, so that we are no longer in an extended quiescent state.
  */
-void rcu_exit_nohz(void)
+void rcu_idle_exit(void)
 {
+	unsigned long flags;
+	long long oldval;
+
+	local_irq_save(flags);
+	oldval = rcu_dynticks_nesting;
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(oldval != 0);
+	rcu_dynticks_nesting = LLONG_MAX / 2;
+	rcu_idle_exit_common(oldval);
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Enter an interrupt handler, moving away from idle.
+ */
+void rcu_irq_enter(void)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	long long oldval;
+
+	local_irq_save(flags);
+	oldval = rcu_dynticks_nesting;
 	rcu_dynticks_nesting++;
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_dynticks_nesting == 0);
+	rcu_idle_exit_common(oldval);
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
+
+/*
+ * Test whether RCU thinks that the current CPU is idle.
+ */
+int rcu_is_cpu_idle(void)
+{
+	return !rcu_dynticks_nesting;
 }
 
-#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ */
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU */
+
+/*
+ * Test whether the current CPU was interrupted from idle.  Nested
+ * interrupts don't count, we must be running at the first interrupt
+ * level.
+ */
+int rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle(void)
+{
+	return rcu_dynticks_nesting <= 0;
+}
 
 /*
  * Helper function for rcu_sched_qs() and rcu_bh_qs().
@@ -126,14 +217,13 @@ void rcu_bh_qs(int cpu)
 
 /*
  * Check to see if the scheduling-clock interrupt came from an extended
- * quiescent state, and, if so, tell RCU about it.
+ * quiescent state, and, if so, tell RCU about it.  This function must
+ * be called from hardirq context.  It is normally called from the
+ * scheduling-clock interrupt.
  */
 void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
 {
-	if (user ||
-	    (idle_cpu(cpu) &&
-	     !in_softirq() &&
-	     hardirq_count() <= (1 << HARDIRQ_SHIFT)))
+	if (user || rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle())
 		rcu_sched_qs(cpu);
 	else if (!in_softirq())
 		rcu_bh_qs(cpu);