decompressors: add XZ decompressor module

In userspace, the .lzma format has become mostly a legacy file format that
got superseded by the .xz format.  Similarly, LZMA Utils was superseded by
XZ Utils.

These patches add support for XZ decompression into the kernel.  Most of
the code is as is from XZ Embedded <http://tukaani.org/xz/embedded.html>.
It was written for the Linux kernel but is usable in other projects too.

Advantages of XZ over the current LZMA code in the kernel:
  - Nice API that can be used by other kernel modules; it's
    not limited to kernel, initramfs, and initrd decompression.
  - Integrity check support (CRC32)
  - BCJ filters improve compression of executable code on
    certain architectures. These together with LZMA2 can
    produce a few percent smaller kernel or Squashfs images
    than plain LZMA without making the decompression slower.

This patch: Add the main decompression code (xz_dec), testing module
(xz_dec_test), wrapper script (xz_wrap.sh) for the xz command line tool,
and documentation.  The xz_dec module is enough to have a usable XZ
decompressor e.g.  for Squashfs.

Signed-off-by: Lasse Collin <lasse.collin@tukaani.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu>
Cc: Albin Tonnerre <albin.tonnerre@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

1 files changed, 561 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/xz/xz_dec_bcj.c b/lib/xz/xz_dec_bcj.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e51e2558ca9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/xz/xz_dec_bcj.c
@@ -0,0 +1,561 @@
+/*
+ * Branch/Call/Jump (BCJ) filter decoders
+ *
+ * Authors: Lasse Collin <lasse.collin@tukaani.org>
+ *          Igor Pavlov <http://7-zip.org/>
+ *
+ * This file has been put into the public domain.
+ * You can do whatever you want with this file.
+ */
+
+#include "xz_private.h"
+
+/*
+ * The rest of the file is inside this ifdef. It makes things a little more
+ * convenient when building without support for any BCJ filters.
+ */
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_BCJ
+
+struct xz_dec_bcj {
+	/* Type of the BCJ filter being used */
+	enum {
+		BCJ_X86 = 4,        /* x86 or x86-64 */
+		BCJ_POWERPC = 5,    /* Big endian only */
+		BCJ_IA64 = 6,       /* Big or little endian */
+		BCJ_ARM = 7,        /* Little endian only */
+		BCJ_ARMTHUMB = 8,   /* Little endian only */
+		BCJ_SPARC = 9       /* Big or little endian */
+	} type;
+
+	/*
+	 * Return value of the next filter in the chain. We need to preserve
+	 * this information across calls, because we must not call the next
+	 * filter anymore once it has returned XZ_STREAM_END.
+	 */
+	enum xz_ret ret;
+
+	/* True if we are operating in single-call mode. */
+	bool single_call;
+
+	/*
+	 * Absolute position relative to the beginning of the uncompressed
+	 * data (in a single .xz Block). We care only about the lowest 32
+	 * bits so this doesn't need to be uint64_t even with big files.
+	 */
+	uint32_t pos;
+
+	/* x86 filter state */
+	uint32_t x86_prev_mask;
+
+	/* Temporary space to hold the variables from struct xz_buf */
+	uint8_t *out;
+	size_t out_pos;
+	size_t out_size;
+
+	struct {
+		/* Amount of already filtered data in the beginning of buf */
+		size_t filtered;
+
+		/* Total amount of data currently stored in buf  */
+		size_t size;
+
+		/*
+		 * Buffer to hold a mix of filtered and unfiltered data. This
+		 * needs to be big enough to hold Alignment + 2 * Look-ahead:
+		 *
+		 * Type         Alignment   Look-ahead
+		 * x86              1           4
+		 * PowerPC          4           0
+		 * IA-64           16           0
+		 * ARM              4           0
+		 * ARM-Thumb        2           2
+		 * SPARC            4           0
+		 */
+		uint8_t buf[16];
+	} temp;
+};
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_X86
+/*
+ * This is used to test the most significant byte of a memory address
+ * in an x86 instruction.
+ */
+static inline int bcj_x86_test_msbyte(uint8_t b)
+{
+	return b == 0x00 || b == 0xFF;
+}
+
+static size_t bcj_x86(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	static const bool mask_to_allowed_status[8]
+		= { true, true, true, false, true, false, false, false };
+
+	static const uint8_t mask_to_bit_num[8] = { 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3 };
+
+	size_t i;
+	size_t prev_pos = (size_t)-1;
+	uint32_t prev_mask = s->x86_prev_mask;
+	uint32_t src;
+	uint32_t dest;
+	uint32_t j;
+	uint8_t b;
+
+	if (size <= 4)
+		return 0;
+
+	size -= 4;
+	for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+		if ((buf[i] & 0xFE) != 0xE8)
+			continue;
+
+		prev_pos = i - prev_pos;
+		if (prev_pos > 3) {
+			prev_mask = 0;
+		} else {
+			prev_mask = (prev_mask << (prev_pos - 1)) & 7;
+			if (prev_mask != 0) {
+				b = buf[i + 4 - mask_to_bit_num[prev_mask]];
+				if (!mask_to_allowed_status[prev_mask]
+						|| bcj_x86_test_msbyte(b)) {
+					prev_pos = i;
+					prev_mask = (prev_mask << 1) | 1;
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		prev_pos = i;
+
+		if (bcj_x86_test_msbyte(buf[i + 4])) {
+			src = get_unaligned_le32(buf + i + 1);
+			while (true) {
+				dest = src - (s->pos + (uint32_t)i + 5);
+				if (prev_mask == 0)
+					break;
+
+				j = mask_to_bit_num[prev_mask] * 8;
+				b = (uint8_t)(dest >> (24 - j));
+				if (!bcj_x86_test_msbyte(b))
+					break;
+
+				src = dest ^ (((uint32_t)1 << (32 - j)) - 1);
+			}
+
+			dest &= 0x01FFFFFF;
+			dest |= (uint32_t)0 - (dest & 0x01000000);
+			put_unaligned_le32(dest, buf + i + 1);
+			i += 4;
+		} else {
+			prev_mask = (prev_mask << 1) | 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	prev_pos = i - prev_pos;
+	s->x86_prev_mask = prev_pos > 3 ? 0 : prev_mask << (prev_pos - 1);
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_POWERPC
+static size_t bcj_powerpc(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t instr;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 4 <= size; i += 4) {
+		instr = get_unaligned_be32(buf + i);
+		if ((instr & 0xFC000003) == 0x48000001) {
+			instr &= 0x03FFFFFC;
+			instr -= s->pos + (uint32_t)i;
+			instr &= 0x03FFFFFC;
+			instr |= 0x48000001;
+			put_unaligned_be32(instr, buf + i);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_IA64
+static size_t bcj_ia64(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	static const uint8_t branch_table[32] = {
+		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		4, 4, 6, 6, 0, 0, 7, 7,
+		4, 4, 0, 0, 4, 4, 0, 0
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * The local variables take a little bit stack space, but it's less
+	 * than what LZMA2 decoder takes, so it doesn't make sense to reduce
+	 * stack usage here without doing that for the LZMA2 decoder too.
+	 */
+
+	/* Loop counters */
+	size_t i;
+	size_t j;
+
+	/* Instruction slot (0, 1, or 2) in the 128-bit instruction word */
+	uint32_t slot;
+
+	/* Bitwise offset of the instruction indicated by slot */
+	uint32_t bit_pos;
+
+	/* bit_pos split into byte and bit parts */
+	uint32_t byte_pos;
+	uint32_t bit_res;
+
+	/* Address part of an instruction */
+	uint32_t addr;
+
+	/* Mask used to detect which instructions to convert */
+	uint32_t mask;
+
+	/* 41-bit instruction stored somewhere in the lowest 48 bits */
+	uint64_t instr;
+
+	/* Instruction normalized with bit_res for easier manipulation */
+	uint64_t norm;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 16 <= size; i += 16) {
+		mask = branch_table[buf[i] & 0x1F];
+		for (slot = 0, bit_pos = 5; slot < 3; ++slot, bit_pos += 41) {
+			if (((mask >> slot) & 1) == 0)
+				continue;
+
+			byte_pos = bit_pos >> 3;
+			bit_res = bit_pos & 7;
+			instr = 0;
+			for (j = 0; j < 6; ++j)
+				instr |= (uint64_t)(buf[i + j + byte_pos])
+						<< (8 * j);
+
+			norm = instr >> bit_res;
+
+			if (((norm >> 37) & 0x0F) == 0x05
+					&& ((norm >> 9) & 0x07) == 0) {
+				addr = (norm >> 13) & 0x0FFFFF;
+				addr |= ((uint32_t)(norm >> 36) & 1) << 20;
+				addr <<= 4;
+				addr -= s->pos + (uint32_t)i;
+				addr >>= 4;
+
+				norm &= ~((uint64_t)0x8FFFFF << 13);
+				norm |= (uint64_t)(addr & 0x0FFFFF) << 13;
+				norm |= (uint64_t)(addr & 0x100000)
+						<< (36 - 20);
+
+				instr &= (1 << bit_res) - 1;
+				instr |= norm << bit_res;
+
+				for (j = 0; j < 6; j++)
+					buf[i + j + byte_pos]
+						= (uint8_t)(instr >> (8 * j));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARM
+static size_t bcj_arm(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t addr;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 4 <= size; i += 4) {
+		if (buf[i + 3] == 0xEB) {
+			addr = (uint32_t)buf[i] | ((uint32_t)buf[i + 1] << 8)
+					| ((uint32_t)buf[i + 2] << 16);
+			addr <<= 2;
+			addr -= s->pos + (uint32_t)i + 8;
+			addr >>= 2;
+			buf[i] = (uint8_t)addr;
+			buf[i + 1] = (uint8_t)(addr >> 8);
+			buf[i + 2] = (uint8_t)(addr >> 16);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARMTHUMB
+static size_t bcj_armthumb(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t addr;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 4 <= size; i += 2) {
+		if ((buf[i + 1] & 0xF8) == 0xF0
+				&& (buf[i + 3] & 0xF8) == 0xF8) {
+			addr = (((uint32_t)buf[i + 1] & 0x07) << 19)
+					| ((uint32_t)buf[i] << 11)
+					| (((uint32_t)buf[i + 3] & 0x07) << 8)
+					| (uint32_t)buf[i + 2];
+			addr <<= 1;
+			addr -= s->pos + (uint32_t)i + 4;
+			addr >>= 1;
+			buf[i + 1] = (uint8_t)(0xF0 | ((addr >> 19) & 0x07));
+			buf[i] = (uint8_t)(addr >> 11);
+			buf[i + 3] = (uint8_t)(0xF8 | ((addr >> 8) & 0x07));
+			buf[i + 2] = (uint8_t)addr;
+			i += 2;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_SPARC
+static size_t bcj_sparc(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t i;
+	uint32_t instr;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 4 <= size; i += 4) {
+		instr = get_unaligned_be32(buf + i);
+		if ((instr >> 22) == 0x100 || (instr >> 22) == 0x1FF) {
+			instr <<= 2;
+			instr -= s->pos + (uint32_t)i;
+			instr >>= 2;
+			instr = ((uint32_t)0x40000000 - (instr & 0x400000))
+					| 0x40000000 | (instr & 0x3FFFFF);
+			put_unaligned_be32(instr, buf + i);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return i;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Apply the selected BCJ filter. Update *pos and s->pos to match the amount
+ * of data that got filtered.
+ *
+ * NOTE: This is implemented as a switch statement to avoid using function
+ * pointers, which could be problematic in the kernel boot code, which must
+ * avoid pointers to static data (at least on x86).
+ */
+static void bcj_apply(struct xz_dec_bcj *s,
+		      uint8_t *buf, size_t *pos, size_t size)
+{
+	size_t filtered;
+
+	buf += *pos;
+	size -= *pos;
+
+	switch (s->type) {
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_X86
+	case BCJ_X86:
+		filtered = bcj_x86(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_POWERPC
+	case BCJ_POWERPC:
+		filtered = bcj_powerpc(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_IA64
+	case BCJ_IA64:
+		filtered = bcj_ia64(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARM
+	case BCJ_ARM:
+		filtered = bcj_arm(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARMTHUMB
+	case BCJ_ARMTHUMB:
+		filtered = bcj_armthumb(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_SPARC
+	case BCJ_SPARC:
+		filtered = bcj_sparc(s, buf, size);
+		break;
+#endif
+	default:
+		/* Never reached but silence compiler warnings. */
+		filtered = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*pos += filtered;
+	s->pos += filtered;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Flush pending filtered data from temp to the output buffer.
+ * Move the remaining mixture of possibly filtered and unfiltered
+ * data to the beginning of temp.
+ */
+static void bcj_flush(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, struct xz_buf *b)
+{
+	size_t copy_size;
+
+	copy_size = min_t(size_t, s->temp.filtered, b->out_size - b->out_pos);
+	memcpy(b->out + b->out_pos, s->temp.buf, copy_size);
+	b->out_pos += copy_size;
+
+	s->temp.filtered -= copy_size;
+	s->temp.size -= copy_size;
+	memmove(s->temp.buf, s->temp.buf + copy_size, s->temp.size);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The BCJ filter functions are primitive in sense that they process the
+ * data in chunks of 1-16 bytes. To hide this issue, this function does
+ * some buffering.
+ */
+XZ_EXTERN enum xz_ret xz_dec_bcj_run(struct xz_dec_bcj *s,
+				     struct xz_dec_lzma2 *lzma2,
+				     struct xz_buf *b)
+{
+	size_t out_start;
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush pending already filtered data to the output buffer. Return
+	 * immediatelly if we couldn't flush everything, or if the next
+	 * filter in the chain had already returned XZ_STREAM_END.
+	 */
+	if (s->temp.filtered > 0) {
+		bcj_flush(s, b);
+		if (s->temp.filtered > 0)
+			return XZ_OK;
+
+		if (s->ret == XZ_STREAM_END)
+			return XZ_STREAM_END;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have more output space than what is currently pending in
+	 * temp, copy the unfiltered data from temp to the output buffer
+	 * and try to fill the output buffer by decoding more data from the
+	 * next filter in the chain. Apply the BCJ filter on the new data
+	 * in the output buffer. If everything cannot be filtered, copy it
+	 * to temp and rewind the output buffer position accordingly.
+	 */
+	if (s->temp.size < b->out_size - b->out_pos) {
+		out_start = b->out_pos;
+		memcpy(b->out + b->out_pos, s->temp.buf, s->temp.size);
+		b->out_pos += s->temp.size;
+
+		s->ret = xz_dec_lzma2_run(lzma2, b);
+		if (s->ret != XZ_STREAM_END
+				&& (s->ret != XZ_OK || s->single_call))
+			return s->ret;
+
+		bcj_apply(s, b->out, &out_start, b->out_pos);
+
+		/*
+		 * As an exception, if the next filter returned XZ_STREAM_END,
+		 * we can do that too, since the last few bytes that remain
+		 * unfiltered are meant to remain unfiltered.
+		 */
+		if (s->ret == XZ_STREAM_END)
+			return XZ_STREAM_END;
+
+		s->temp.size = b->out_pos - out_start;
+		b->out_pos -= s->temp.size;
+		memcpy(s->temp.buf, b->out + b->out_pos, s->temp.size);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have unfiltered data in temp, try to fill by decoding more
+	 * data from the next filter. Apply the BCJ filter on temp. Then we
+	 * hopefully can fill the actual output buffer by copying filtered
+	 * data from temp. A mix of filtered and unfiltered data may be left
+	 * in temp; it will be taken care on the next call to this function.
+	 */
+	if (s->temp.size > 0) {
+		/* Make b->out{,_pos,_size} temporarily point to s->temp. */
+		s->out = b->out;
+		s->out_pos = b->out_pos;
+		s->out_size = b->out_size;
+		b->out = s->temp.buf;
+		b->out_pos = s->temp.size;
+		b->out_size = sizeof(s->temp.buf);
+
+		s->ret = xz_dec_lzma2_run(lzma2, b);
+
+		s->temp.size = b->out_pos;
+		b->out = s->out;
+		b->out_pos = s->out_pos;
+		b->out_size = s->out_size;
+
+		if (s->ret != XZ_OK && s->ret != XZ_STREAM_END)
+			return s->ret;
+
+		bcj_apply(s, s->temp.buf, &s->temp.filtered, s->temp.size);
+
+		/*
+		 * If the next filter returned XZ_STREAM_END, we mark that
+		 * everything is filtered, since the last unfiltered bytes
+		 * of the stream are meant to be left as is.
+		 */
+		if (s->ret == XZ_STREAM_END)
+			s->temp.filtered = s->temp.size;
+
+		bcj_flush(s, b);
+		if (s->temp.filtered > 0)
+			return XZ_OK;
+	}
+
+	return s->ret;
+}
+
+XZ_EXTERN struct xz_dec_bcj *xz_dec_bcj_create(bool single_call)
+{
+	struct xz_dec_bcj *s = kmalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (s != NULL)
+		s->single_call = single_call;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+XZ_EXTERN enum xz_ret xz_dec_bcj_reset(struct xz_dec_bcj *s, uint8_t id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_X86
+	case BCJ_X86:
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_POWERPC
+	case BCJ_POWERPC:
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_IA64
+	case BCJ_IA64:
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARM
+	case BCJ_ARM:
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_ARMTHUMB
+	case BCJ_ARMTHUMB:
+#endif
+#ifdef XZ_DEC_SPARC
+	case BCJ_SPARC:
+#endif
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/* Unsupported Filter ID */
+		return XZ_OPTIONS_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	s->type = id;
+	s->ret = XZ_OK;
+	s->pos = 0;
+	s->x86_prev_mask = 0;
+	s->temp.filtered = 0;
+	s->temp.size = 0;
+
+	return XZ_OK;
+}
+
+#endif