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2026-05-31md/raid1: move the exceed_read_errors condition out of fix_read_errorChristoph Hellwig
This condition much better fits into the only caller, limiting fix_read_error to actually fix up data devices after a read error. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260529054308.2720300-3-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md/raid1: cleanup handle_read_errorChristoph Hellwig
Unwind the main conditional with duplicate conditions and initialize variables at initialization time where possible. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260529054308.2720300-2-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md/raid1,raid10: fix bio accounting for split md cloned biosAbd-Alrhman Masalkhi
Use md_cloned_bio() to control bio accounting instead of relying on r1bio_existed in raid1 or the io_accounting flag in raid10. The previous logic does not reliably reflect whether a bio is an md cloned bio. When a failed bio is split and resubmitted via bio_submit_split_bioset() on the error path, this can lead to either double accounting for md cloned bios, or missing accounting for bios returned from bio_submit_split_bioset() Fix this by using md_cloned_bio() to detect md cloned bios and skip accounting accordingly. Fixes: bb2a9acefaf9 ("md/raid1: switch to use md_account_bio() for io accounting") Fixes: 820455238366 ("md/raid10: switch to use md_account_bio() for io accounting") Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xiao@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260501114652.590037-4-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md/raid1,raid10: fix error-path detection with md_cloned_bio()Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi
Detect the error path using md_cloned_bio() instead of relying on r1_bio in raid1 or r10_bio->read_slot in raid10, which may be NULL or -1 after splitting and resubmitting a failed bio. As a result, the error path may not be recognized and memory allocations can incorrectly use GFP_NOIO instead of (GFP_NOIO | __GFP_HIGH), which can lead to a deadlock under memory pressure. Fixes: 689389a06ce7 ("md/raid1: simplify handle_read_error().") Fixes: 545250f24809 ("md/raid10: simplify handle_read_error()") Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xiao@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260501114652.590037-3-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md/raid1,raid10: fix deadlock in read error recovery pathAbd-Alrhman Masalkhi
raid1d and raid10d may resubmit a split md cloned bio while handling a read error. In this case, resubmitting the bio can lead to a deadlock if the array is suspended before md_handle_request() acquires an active_io reference via percpu_ref_tryget_live(). Since the cloned bio already holds an active_io reference, trying to acquire another reference via percpu_ref_tryget_live() can lead to a deadlock while the array is suspended. Fix this by using percpu_ref_get() for md cloned bios. Fixes: bb2a9acefaf9 ("md/raid1: switch to use md_account_bio() for io accounting") Fixes: 820455238366 ("md/raid10: switch to use md_account_bio() for io accounting") Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xiao@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260501114652.590037-2-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md/raid10: reset read_slot when reusing r10bio for discardChen Cheng
put_all_bios() always drops devs[i].bio, but it only drops devs[i].repl_bio when r10_bio->read_slot < 0. If discard reuses an r10bio that was previously used for a read, read_slot can still be non-negative, and discard cleanup can skip bio_put() on repl_bio. Reset read_slot to -1 when preparing an r10bio for discard so the replacement bio is always released correctly. Fixes: d30588b2731f ("md/raid10: improve raid10 discard request") Signed-off-by: Chen Cheng <chencheng@fnnas.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xiao@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260515093019.3436882-1-chencheng@fnnas.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31md: skip redundant raid_disks update when value is unchangedAbd-Alrhman Masalkhi
Calling update_raid_disks() with the same value as the current one can trigger unnecessary work. For example, RAID1 will reallocate resources such as the mempool for r1bio. Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260428130524.448063-1-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-31dm-raid: only requeue bios when dm is suspendingBenjamin Marzinski
Returning DM_MAPIO_REQUEUE from the target map() function only requeues the bio during noflush suspends. During regular operations or during flushing suspends, it fails the bio. Failing the bio during flushing suspends is the correct behavior here. The bio cannot be handled, and dm-raid cannot suspend while it is outstanding. But during normal operations, dm-raid should not push the bio back to dm. Instead, wait for the reshape to be resumed. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xiao@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260428232010.2785514-1-bmarzins@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io>
2026-05-28raid6: improve the public interfaceChristoph Hellwig
Stop directly calling into function pointers from users of the RAID6 PQ API, and provide exported functions with proper documentation and API guarantees asserts where applicable instead. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260518051804.462141-8-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Tested-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> # kunit only on arm64 Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Li Nan <linan122@huawei.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-26md: propagate BLK_FEAT_PCI_P2PDMA from member devices to RAID deviceKiran Kumar Modukuri
MD RAID does not propagate BLK_FEAT_PCI_P2PDMA from member devices to the RAID device, preventing peer-to-peer DMA through the RAID layer even when all underlying devices support it. Enable BLK_FEAT_PCI_P2PDMA unconditionally in raid0, raid1 and raid10 personalities during queue limits setup. blk_stack_limits() clears it automatically if any member device lacks support, consistent with how BLK_FEAT_NOWAIT and BLK_FEAT_POLL are handled in the block core. Parity RAID personalities (raid4/5/6) are excluded because they require CPU access to data pages for parity computation, which is incompatible with P2P mappings. Tested with RAID0/1/10 arrays containing multiple NVMe devices with P2PDMA support, confirming that peer-to-peer transfers work correctly through the RAID layer. Tested-by: Pranjal Shrivastava <praan@google.com> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Kiran Kumar Modukuri <kmodukuri@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fygo.io> Tested=by: Pranjal Shrivastava <praan@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260513185153.95552-3-kch@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-05-26block: switch numa_node to int in blk_mq_hw_ctx and init_requestMateusz Nowicki
numa_node in blk_mq_hw_ctx and the matching argument of blk_mq_ops::init_request can be NUMA_NO_NODE (-1). Declared as unsigned int, NUMA_NO_NODE becomes UINT_MAX and walks off nvme_dev::descriptor_pools[] on CONFIG_NUMA=n [1]. Switch the field and the callback prototype to int and update all in-tree init_request implementations. No functional change: cpu_to_node(), kmalloc_node() and blk_alloc_flush_queue() already take int. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-nvme/20260522150628.399288-1-mateusz.nowicki@posteo.net/ [1] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-nvme/20260309062840.2937858-2-iam@sung-woo.kim/ Suggested-by: Caleb Sander Mateos <csander@purestorage.com> Suggested-by: Sung-woo Kim <iam@sung-woo.kim> Signed-off-by: Mateusz Nowicki <mateusz.nowicki@posteo.net> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260523125210.272274-1-mateusz.nowicki@posteo.net Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-05-25Merge tag 'for-7.1/dm-fixes-2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm Pull device mapper fix from Mikulas Patocka: - fix crashes in dm-vdo if GFP_NOWAIT allocation fails * tag 'for-7.1/dm-fixes-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm: dm vdo: use GFP_NOIO for blkdev_issue_zeroout on format path
2026-05-25dm-inlinecrypt: add support for hardware-wrapped keysLinlin Zhang
Add support for hardware-wrapped encryption keys to the dm-inlinecrypt target. Introduce a new optional argument <key_type> to indicate whether the provided key is a raw key or a hardware-wrapped key. Based on this flag, the appropriate blk-crypto key type is selected when initializing the key. This allows dm-inlinecrypt to work with hardware that requires keys to be wrapped and managed by the underlying inline encryption engine. Update the target argument parsing accordingly and pass the key type to blk_crypto_init_key(). Documentation is also updated to reflect the new parameter and usage. Signed-off-by: Linlin Zhang <linlin.zhang@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Fixes: e7f57d2c47e2 ("dm-inlinecrypt: add target for inline block device encryption")
2026-05-18dm: limit target bio polling to one shotFengnan Chang
dm_poll_bio() is the ->poll_bio() callback for a stacked dm device. The caller only knows about the dm queue, so it may decide to do a spinning poll if it thinks a single queue is being polled. Passing those flags unchanged to the mapped clone lets blk_mq_poll() spin on a target queue from inside dm_poll_bio(). With io_uring IOPOLL on a dm-stripe target this can keep a task in dm_poll_bio() -> bio_poll() -> blk_mq_poll() long enough to trigger an RCU CPU stall, before io_uring gets back to io_iopoll_check() and its need_resched() check. Keep dm's ->poll_bio() bounded by forcing one-shot polling for target bios. The caller can invoke dm_poll_bio() again if it wants to keep polling, and it also gets a chance to reap completions or reschedule between passes. Fixes: f22ecf9c14c1 ("blk-mq: delete task running check in blk_hctx_poll()") Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-18dm-ioctl: report an error if a device has no tableMikulas Patocka
When we send a message to a device that has no table, the return code was not set. The code would return "2", which is not considered a valid return value. Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com>
2026-05-12dm-inlinecrypt: add target for inline block device encryptionEric Biggers
Add a new device-mapper target "dm-inlinecrypt" that is similar to dm-crypt but uses the blk-crypto API instead of the regular crypto API. This allows it to take advantage of inline encryption hardware such as that commonly built into UFS host controllers. The table syntax matches dm-crypt's, but for now only a stripped-down set of parameters is supported. For example, for now AES-256-XTS is the only supported cipher. dm-inlinecrypt is based on Android's dm-default-key with the controversial passthrough support removed. Note that due to the removal of passthrough support, use of dm-inlinecrypt in combination with fscrypt causes double encryption of file contents (similar to dm-crypt + fscrypt), with the fscrypt layer not being able to use the inline encryption hardware. This makes dm-inlinecrypt unusable on systems such as Android that use fscrypt and where a more optimized approach is needed. It is however suitable as a replacement for dm-crypt. dm-inlinecrypt supports both keyring key and hex key, the former avoids the key to be exposed in dm-table message. Similar to dm-default-key in Android, it will fallabck to the software block crypto once the inline crypto hardware cannot support the expected cipher. Test: dmsetup create inlinecrypt_logon --table "0 `blockdev --getsz $1` \ inlinecrypt aes-xts-plain64 :64:logon:fde:dminlinecrypt_test_key 0 $1 0" Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Linlin Zhang <linlin.zhang@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm vdo: use GFP_NOIO for blkdev_issue_zeroout on format pathBruce Johnston
GFP_NOWAIT is inappropriate when blkdev_issue_zeroout may sleep and bio_alloc can fail under pressure; use GFP_NOIO for clear_partition and vdo_clear_layout zeroout calls. Signed-off-by: Bruce Johnston <bjohnsto@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Matthew Sakai <msakai@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Fixes: fc1d43826702 ("dm vdo: save the formatted metadata to disk")
2026-05-04dm-ima: use active table's size if availableBenjamin Marzinski
It is possible that the dm_ima_measure_on_* functions run at the same time as a table is getting swapped, but before the md->ima.active_table is updated by dm_ima_measure_on_device_resume(). Instead of using the current device size, use the size of the active table that is being measured (assuming there is one), so the information is consistent. Also, don't allocate a separate string to hold the capactiy. Just print it directly to the measurement buffer. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: Fail more gracefully in dm_ima_measure_on_*Benjamin Marzinski
In all the dm_ima_measure_on_* functions besides dm_ima_measure_on_table_load(), even if measuring the event fails, it's still possible to update dm->ima, so that it continues to correctly track the device state. This means that one measurement failure won't cause future measurements to record the wrong data. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: Handle race between rename and table swapBenjamin Marzinski
a device rename could happen after do_resume() removed the inactive table that it was swapping to out of the hash cell, but before it was made the active table. In this case, the table metadata would still have the old name. Update the swapped table's metadata to avoid this. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: Fix issues with dm_ima_measure_on_device_renameBenjamin Marzinski
dm_ima_measure_on_device_rename() can be called on a device before it ever loads a table, so it needs to handle the case where there is no table metadata. Also, it was only updating the table_metadata on the active table. If there was an inactive table when the device was renamed and that table was later swapped in as the active table, it would still have the old name. dm_ima_measure_on_device_rename() was also needlessly allocating new memory for the updated table metadata, instead of just reusing the existing memory. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: remove new_map from dm_ima_measure_on_device_clearBenjamin Marzinski
Now that two processes can't modify md->ima in dm_ima_measure_on_device_clear() at the same time, there's no need to track if an inactive table was actually removed. We might as well clean it up unconditionally, on the off chance that a previous ima measurement failed and left md->ima.inactive_table behind. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: Fix UAF errors and measuring incorrect contextBenjamin Marzinski
the dm-ima code did not keep the dm_ima_measure_on_* functions from running at the same time. This could lead to various errors. If two processes were updating the device state, one could update the state first, but the other could measure the state first, causing the the current device state to appear incorrect. If a table load happened while a device was resuming, the IMA measurement could report the wrong table being active. And if two dm_ima_measure_on_* functions ran at the same time, one of them could free data that the other was accessing, causing a crash. All the core dm functions that call a dm_ima_measure_on_* function update the device state they want to measure under the _hash_lock, except for do_resume(). But holding the _hash_lock is not a good way to synchronize these functions. It's a global mutex, that is needed in many dm operations, and the dm_ima_measure_* functions can sleep, blocking any dm operation on any device that needs the _hash_lock. To serialize and order the IMA measurement functions, the dm_ima_measurements now has two counters, update_idx and measure_idx. update_idx is incremented while holding the _hash_lock and saved, along with the device name and uuid, in a dm_ima_context struct. Once the _hash_lock is dropped, the dm_ima_measure_* function is called. It waits until measure_idx matches the saved value of update_idx, ensuring that the updates and measurements happen in the same order if there are multiple processes changing the device at the same time. Then it measures the device, updates measure_idx, and wakes up any other process waiting to do a measurement. This makes sure that the measurements are serialized and done in the order that the _hash_lock was acquired in. But they only block other measurements for the same device, which are unlikely to happen at the same time. do_resume() is trickier, because it removes the inactive table while holding the _hash_lock, but doesn't hold it while updating md->map. To make sure it is also ordered, the IMA code grabs the _hash_lock after md->map is updated. Then it makes sure that the device isn't being removed and that another do_resume() hasn't already changed the active table again, and serializes like the other functions do. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: don't copy the active table to the inactive tableBenjamin Marzinski
If an inactive table was cleared, dm_ima_measure_on_table_clear() was copying the ima.active_table to ima.inactive_table. This is not what device-mapper does, and it makes the IMA measurements show an inactive table when there isn't one. Also, once this is removed, the code no longer needs to keep checking if the active and the inactive table point to the same memory. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: Remove status_flags from dm_ima_measure_on_table_load()Benjamin Marzinski
There is no status flag that is is used for STATUSTYPE_IMA type status() calls, and STATUSTYPE_IMA itself is not a valid status flag. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: remove broken last_target_measured logicBenjamin Marzinski
When it ran out of space for adding more targets to the ima_buf, dm_ima_measure_on_table_load() would measure the dm device early, and then add the rest of the targets and measure it again. last_target_measured was intended to flag the last target measured so that the device wouldn't get remeasured, if no new targets were added after the early measurement. But the way to code works, the dm device will never be measured early unless there is another target to add to the ima_buf. Instead, if there is only one more target to add, that target was getting added to the ima_buf, but it wasn't getting remeasured, because last_target_measured was set. Since dm_ima_measure_on_table_load() only measures a device early when there are more targets to add, the final measurement must always happen, and last_target_measured is unneeded. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-ima: remove dm_ima_reset_data()Benjamin Marzinski
There's no point in saving the string length of DM_IMA_VERSION_STR. It's a constant, so the compiler will precompute it. dm_create() will already zero out the rest of dm->ima. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm-raid: only requeue bios when dm is suspendingBenjamin Marzinski
returning DM_MAPIO_REQUEUE from the target map() function only requeues the bio during noflush suspends. During regular operations or during flushing suspends, it fails the bio. Failing the bio during flushing suspends is the correct behavior here. We cannot handle the bio, and we cannot suspends while it is outstanding. But during normal operations, we should not push the bio back to dm. Instead, wait for the reshape to be resumed. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-04dm vdo: use get_random_u32() where appropriateDavid Carlier
Use the typed random integer helpers instead of get_random_bytes() when filling a single integer variable. The helpers return the value directly, require no pointer or size argument, and better express intent. Signed-off-by: David Carlier <devnexen@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Matthew Sakai <msakai@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-05-01Merge tag 'block-7.1-20260430' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe: - MD pull request via Yu: - Fix a raid5 UAF on IO across the reshape position - Avoid failing RAID1/RAID10 devices for invalid IO errors - Fix RAID10 divide-by-zero when far_copies is zero - Restore bitmap grow through sysfs - Use mddev_is_dm() instead of open-coding gendisk checks - Use ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS() for md default sysfs attributes - Replace open-coded wait loops with wait_event helpers - NVMe pull request via Keith: - Target data transfer size configuation (Aurelien) - Enable P2P for RDMA (Shivaji Kant) - TCP target updates (Maurizio, Alistair, Chaitanya, Shivam Kumar) - TCP host updates (Alistair, Chaitanya) - Authentication updates (Alistair, Daniel, Chris Leech) - Multipath fixes (John Garry) - New quirks (Alan Cui, Tao Jiang) - Apple driver fix (Fedor Pchelkin) - PCI admin doorbell update fix (Keith) - Properly propagate CDROM read-only state to the block layer * tag 'block-7.1-20260430' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux: (35 commits) md: use ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS() for md default sysfs attributes md: use mddev_is_dm() instead of open-coding gendisk checks md/raid1: replace wait loop with wait_event_idle() in raid1_write_request() md/md-bitmap: add a none backend for bitmap grow md/md-bitmap: split bitmap sysfs groups md: factor bitmap creation away from sysfs handling md: use mddev_lock_nointr() in mddev_suspend_and_lock_nointr() md: replace wait loop with wait_event() in md_handle_request() md/raid10: fix divide-by-zero in setup_geo() with zero far_copies md/raid1,raid10: don't fail devices for invalid IO errors MAINTAINERS: Add Xiao Ni as md/raid reviewer md/raid5: Fix UAF on IO across the reshape position cdrom, scsi: sr: propagate read-only status to block layer via set_disk_ro() nvme-auth: Hash DH shared secret to create session key nvme-pci: fix missed admin queue sq doorbell write nvme-auth: Include SC_C in RVAL controller hash nvme-tcp: teardown circular locking fixes nvmet-tcp: Don't clear tls_key when freeing sq Revert "nvmet-tcp: Don't free SQ on authentication success" nvme: skip trace completion for host path errors ...
2026-04-28md: use ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS() for md default sysfs attributesAbd-Alrhman Masalkhi
Replace the md_default_group and md_attr_groups with ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(). Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260423101303.48196-4-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md: use mddev_is_dm() instead of open-coding gendisk checksAbd-Alrhman Masalkhi
Replace direct checks on mddev->gendisk with mddev_is_dm() in md_handle_request() and md_run(). Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260423101303.48196-3-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/raid1: replace wait loop with wait_event_idle() in raid1_write_request()Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi
The wait loop is equivalent to wait_event_idle(); use it to improve readability. Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260423101303.48196-2-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/md-bitmap: add a none backend for bitmap growYu Kuai
Add a real none bitmap backend that exposes the common bitmap sysfs group and use it to keep bitmap/location available when an array has no bitmap. Then switch the bitmap location sysfs path to move only between none and the classic bitmap backend, using the no-sysfs bitmap helpers while merging or unmerging the internal bitmap sysfs group. This restores mdadm --grow bitmap addition through bitmap/location. Fixes: fb8cc3b0d9db ("md/md-bitmap: delay registration of bitmap_ops until creating bitmap") Reviewed-by: Su Yue <glass.su@suse.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260425024615.1696892-4-yukuai@fnnas.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/md-bitmap: split bitmap sysfs groupsYu Kuai
Split the classic bitmap sysfs files into a common bitmap group with the location attribute and a separate internal bitmap group for the remaining files. At the same time, convert bitmap operations from a single sysfs group to a sysfs group array so backends can share part of their sysfs layout while adding backend-specific attributes separately. Switch the bitmap sysfs helpers to use sysfs_update_groups() for the add and update path, and remove groups in reverse order so shared named groups are unmerged before the last group removes the directory. Also make bitmap operation lookup depend only on the currently selected bitmap id matching the installed backend. This prepares the lookup path for a later registered none backend. Reviewed-by: Su Yue <glass.su@suse.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260425024615.1696892-3-yukuai@fnnas.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md: factor bitmap creation away from sysfs handlingYu Kuai
Factor bitmap creation and destruction into helpers that do not touch bitmap sysfs registration. This prepares the bitmap sysfs rework so callers such as the sysfs bitmap location path can create or destroy a bitmap backend without coupling that to sysfs group lifetime management. Reviewed-by: Su Yue <glass.su@suse.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260425024615.1696892-2-yukuai@fnnas.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md: use mddev_lock_nointr() in mddev_suspend_and_lock_nointr()Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi
This keeps mddev locking consistent and ensures that any future changes to locking behavior are done through the wrapper. Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260415140319.376578-3-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md: replace wait loop with wait_event() in md_handle_request()Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi
The wait loop is equivalent to wait_event() and can be simplified by usaing it for improving readability. Signed-off-by: Abd-Alrhman Masalkhi <abd.masalkhi@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260415140319.376578-2-abd.masalkhi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/raid10: fix divide-by-zero in setup_geo() with zero far_copiesJunrui Luo
setup_geo() extracts near_copies (nc) and far_copies (fc) from the user-provided layout parameter without checking for zero. When fc=0 with the "improved" far set layout selected, 'geo->far_set_size = disks / fc' triggers a divide-by-zero. Validate nc and fc immediately after extraction, returning -1 if either is zero. Fixes: 475901aff158 ("MD RAID10: Improve redundancy for 'far' and 'offset' algorithms (part 1)") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Junrui Luo <moonafterrain@outlook.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/SYBPR01MB7881A5E2556806CC1D318582AF232@SYBPR01MB7881.ausprd01.prod.outlook.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/raid1,raid10: don't fail devices for invalid IO errorsKeith Busch
BLK_STS_INVAL indicates the IO request itself was invalid, not that the device has failed. When raid1 treats this as a device error, it retries on alternate mirrors which fail the same way, eventually exceeding the read error threshold and removing the device from the array. This happens when stacking configurations bypass bio_split_to_limits() in the IO path: dm-raid calls md_handle_request() directly without going through md_submit_bio(), skipping the alignment validation that would otherwise reject invalid bios early. The invalid bio reaches the lower block layers, which fail the bio with BLK_STS_INVAL, and raid1 wrongly interprets this as a device failure. Add BLK_STS_INVAL to raid1_should_handle_error() so that invalid IO errors are propagated back to the caller rather than triggering device removal. This is consistent with the previous kernel behavior when alignment checks were done earlier in the direct-io path. Fixes: 5ff3f74e145adc7 ("block: simplify direct io validity check") Reported-by: Tomáš Trnka <trnka@scm.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-block/2982107.4sosBPzcNG@electra/ Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <kbusch@kernel.org> Tested-by: Tomáš Trnka <trnka@scm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260416140345.3872265-1-kbusch@meta.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-28md/raid5: Fix UAF on IO across the reshape positionBenjamin Marzinski
If make_stripe_request() returns STRIPE_WAIT_RESHAPE, raid5_make_request() will free the cloned bio. But raid5_make_request() can call make_stripe_request() multiple times, writing to the various stripes. If that bio got added to the toread or towrite lists of a stripe disk in an earlier call to make_stripe_request(), then it's not safe to just free the bio if a later part of it is found to cross the reshape position. Doing so can lead to a UAF error, when bio_endio() is called on the bio for the earlier stripes. Instead, raid5_make_request() needs to wait until all parts of the bio have called bio_endio(). To do this, bios that cross the reshape position while the reshape can't make progress are flagged as needing to wait for all parts to complete. When raid5_make_request() has a bio that failed make_stripe_request() with STRIPE_WAIT_RESHAPE, it sets bi->bi_private to a completion struct and waits for completion after ending the bio. When the bio_endio() is called for the last time on a clone bio with bi->bi_private set, it wakes up the waiter. This guarantees that raid5_make_request() doesn't return until the cloned bio needing a retry for io across the reshape boundary is safely cleaned up. There is a simple reproducer available at [1]. Compile the kernel with KASAN for more useful reporting when the error is triggered (this is not necessary to see the bug). [1] https://gist.github.com/bmarzins/e48598824305cf2171289e47d7241fa5 Signed-off-by: Benjamin Marzinski <bmarzins@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260408043548.1695157-1-bmarzins@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-27Merge tag 'for-7.1/dm-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm Pull device mapper fix from Mikulas Patocka: - fix metadata corruption in dm-thin * tag 'for-7.1/dm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm: dm-thin: fix metadata refcount underflow
2026-04-20dm-thin: fix metadata refcount underflowMikulas Patocka
There's a bug in dm-thin in the function rebalance_children. If the internal btree node has one entry, the code tries to copy all btree entries from the node's child to the node itself and then decrement the child's reference count. If the child node is shared (it has reference count > 1), we won't free it, so there would be two pointers to each of the grandchildren nodes. But the reference counts of the grandchildren is not increased, thus the reference count doesn't match the number of pointers that point to the grandchildren. This results in "device mapper: space map common: unable to decrement block" errors. Fix this bug by incrementing reference counts on the grandchildren if the btree node is shared. Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Fixes: 3241b1d3e0aa ("dm: add persistent data library") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
2026-04-15Merge tag 'for-7.1/dm-changes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm Pull device mapper updates from Benjamin Marzinski: "There are fixes for some corner case crashes in dm-cache and dm-mirror, new setup functionality for dm-vdo, and miscellaneous minor fixes and cleanups, especially to dm-verity. dm-vdo: - Make dm-vdo able to format the device itself, like other dm targets, instead of needing a userspace formating program - Add some sanity checks and code cleanup dm-cache: - Fix crashes and hangs when operating in passthrough mode (which have been around, unnoticed, since 4.12), as well as a late arriving fix for an error path bug in the passthrough fix - Fix a corner case memory leak dm-verity: - Another set of minor bugfixes and code cleanups to the forward error correction code dm-mirror - Fix minor initialization bug - Fix overflow crash on a large devices with small region sizes dm-crypt - Reimplement elephant diffuser using AES library and minor cleanups dm-core: - Claude found a buffer overflow in /dev/mapper/contrl ioctl handling - make dm_mod.wait_for correctly wait for partitions - minor code fixes and cleanups" * tag 'for-7.1/dm-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm: (62 commits) dm cache: fix missing return in invalidate_committed's error path dm: fix a buffer overflow in ioctl processing dm-crypt: Make crypt_iv_operations::post return void dm vdo: Fix spelling mistake "postive" -> "positive" dm: provide helper to set stacked limits dm-integrity: always set the io hints dm-integrity: fix mismatched queue limits dm-bufio: use kzalloc_flex dm vdo: save the formatted metadata to disk dm vdo: add formatting logic and initialization dm vdo: add synchronous metadata I/O submission helper dm vdo: add geometry block structure dm vdo: add geometry block encoding dm vdo: add upfront validation for logical size dm vdo: add formatting parameters to table line dm vdo: add super block initialization to encodings.c dm vdo: add geometry block initialization to encodings.c dm-crypt: Make crypt_iv_operations::wipe return void dm-crypt: Reimplement elephant diffuser using AES library dm-verity-fec: warn even when there were no errors ...
2026-04-10dm cache: fix missing return in invalidate_committed's error pathMing-Hung Tsai
In passthrough mode, dm-cache defers write submission until after metadata commit completes via the invalidate_committed() continuation. On commit error, invalidate_committed() calls invalidate_complete() to end the bio and free the migration struct, after which it should return immediately. The patch 4ca8b8bd952d ("dm cache: fix write hang in passthrough mode") omitted this early return, causing execution to fall through into the success path on error. This results in use-after-free on the migration struct in the subsequent calls. Fix by adding the missing return after the invalidate_complete() call. Fixes: 4ca8b8bd952d ("dm cache: fix write hang in passthrough mode") Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/dm-devel/adjMq6T5RRjv_uxM@stanley.mountain/ Signed-off-by: Ming-Hung Tsai <mtsai@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
2026-04-09dm: fix a buffer overflow in ioctl processingMikulas Patocka
Tony Asleson (using Claude) found a buffer overflow in dm-ioctl in the function retrieve_status: 1. The code in retrieve_status checks that the output string fits into the output buffer and writes the output string there 2. Then, the code aligns the "outptr" variable to the next 8-byte boundary: outptr = align_ptr(outptr); 3. The alignment doesn't check overflow, so outptr could point past the buffer end 4. The "for" loop is iterated again, it executes: remaining = len - (outptr - outbuf); 5. If "outptr" points past "outbuf + len", the arithmetics wraps around and the variable "remaining" contains unusually high number 6. With "remaining" being high, the code writes more data past the end of the buffer Luckily, this bug has no security implications because: 1. Only root can issue device mapper ioctls 2. The commonly used libraries that communicate with device mapper (libdevmapper and devicemapper-rs) use buffer size that is aligned to 8 bytes - thus, "outptr = align_ptr(outptr)" can't overshoot the input buffer and the bug can't happen accidentally Reported-by: Tony Asleson <tasleson@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Bryn M. Reeves <bmr@redhat.com> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
2026-04-07md/raid5: fix soft lockup in retry_aligned_read()Chia-Ming Chang
When retry_aligned_read() encounters an overlapped stripe, it releases the stripe via raid5_release_stripe() which puts it on the lockless released_stripes llist. In the next raid5d loop iteration, release_stripe_list() drains the stripe onto handle_list (since STRIPE_HANDLE is set by the original IO), but retry_aligned_read() runs before handle_active_stripes() and removes the stripe from handle_list via find_get_stripe() -> list_del_init(). This prevents handle_stripe() from ever processing the stripe to resolve the overlap, causing an infinite loop and soft lockup. Fix this by using __release_stripe() with temp_inactive_list instead of raid5_release_stripe() in the failure path, so the stripe does not go through the released_stripes llist. This allows raid5d to break out of its loop, and the overlap will be resolved when the stripe is eventually processed by handle_stripe(). Fixes: 773ca82fa1ee ("raid5: make release_stripe lockless") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: FengWei Shih <dannyshih@synology.com> Signed-off-by: Chia-Ming Chang <chiamingc@synology.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260402061406.455755-1-chiamingc@synology.com/ Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-07md: wake raid456 reshape waiters before suspendYu Kuai
During raid456 reshape, direct IO across the reshape position can sleep in raid5_make_request() waiting for reshape progress while still holding an active_io reference. If userspace then freezes reshape and writes md/suspend_lo or md/suspend_hi, mddev_suspend() kills active_io and waits for all in-flight IO to drain. This can deadlock: the IO needs reshape progress to continue, but the reshape thread is already frozen, so the active_io reference is never dropped and suspend never completes. raid5_prepare_suspend() already wakes wait_for_reshape for dm-raid. Do the same for normal md suspend when reshape is already interrupted, so waiting raid456 IO can abort, drop its reference, and let suspend finish. The mdadm test tests/25raid456-reshape-deadlock reproduces the hang. Fixes: 714d20150ed8 ("md: add new helpers to suspend/resume array") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260327140729.2030564-1-yukuai@fnnas.com/ Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-07md/raid1: serialize overlap io for writemostly diskXiao Ni
Previously, using wait_event() would wake up all waiters simultaneously, and they would compete for the tree lock. The bio which gets the lock first will be handled, so the write sequence cannot be guaranteed. For example: bio1(100,200) bio2(150,200) bio3(150,300) The write sequence of fast device is bio1,bio2,bio3. But the write sequence of slow device could be bio1,bio3,bio2 due to lock competition. This causes data corruption. Replace waitqueue with a fifo list to guarantee the write sequence. And it also needs to iterate the list when removing one entry. If not, it may miss the opportunity to wake up the waiting io. For example: bio1(1,3), bio2(2,4) bio3(5,7), bio4(6,8) These four bios are in the same bucket. bio1 and bio3 are inserted into the rbtree. bio2 and bio4 are added to the waiting list and bio2 is the first one. bio3 returns from slow disk and tries to wake up the waiting bios. bio2 is removed from the list and will be handled. But bio1 hasn't finished. So bio2 will be added into waiting list again. Then bio1 returns from slow disk and wakes up waiting bios. bio4 is removed from the list and will be handled. Now bio1, bio3 and bio4 all finish and bio2 is left on the waiting list. So it needs to iterate the waiting list to wake up the right bio. Signed-off-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260324072501.59865-1-xni@redhat.com/ Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>
2026-04-07md/md-llbitmap: optimize initial sync with write_zeroes_unmap supportYu Kuai
For RAID-456 arrays with llbitmap, if all underlying disks support write_zeroes with unmap, issue write_zeroes to zero all disk data regions and initialize the bitmap to BitCleanUnwritten instead of BitUnwritten. This optimization skips the initial XOR parity building because: 1. write_zeroes with unmap guarantees zeroed reads after the operation 2. For RAID-456, when all data is zero, parity is automatically consistent (0 XOR 0 XOR ... = 0) 3. BitCleanUnwritten indicates parity is valid but no user data has been written The implementation adds two helper functions: - llbitmap_all_disks_support_wzeroes_unmap(): Checks if all active disks support write_zeroes with unmap - llbitmap_zero_all_disks(): Issues blkdev_issue_zeroout() to each rdev's data region to zero all disks The zeroing and bitmap state setting happens in llbitmap_init_state() during bitmap initialization. If any disk fails to zero, we fall back to BitUnwritten and normal lazy recovery. This significantly reduces array initialization time for RAID-456 arrays built on modern NVMe SSDs or other devices that support write_zeroes with unmap. Reviewed-by: Xiao Ni <xni@redhat.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-raid/20260323054644.3351791-4-yukuai@fnnas.com/ Signed-off-by: Yu Kuai <yukuai@fnnas.com>