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2026-08-18Merge tag 'acpi-7.3-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm Pull ACPI support updates from Rafael Wysocki: "The most significant change here is the elimination of struct acpi_driver that has no more users in the tree now along with some documentation related to it, and a follow-up update to set the "no PM" flag for all ACPI devices that are now only going to play the role of other devices' "companions" (in analogy with DT nodes). There is also a significant update of irqchip code related to ACPI done in order to enable GICv5 IWB ACPI probe ordering detection on ARM, which involves RISC-V interrupt controller management code refactoring to extract generic code from it into the common ACPI IRQ code. The rest is mostly fixes, including some fallout of the _OSC handling rework in 7.0, ACPI CPPC library fixes, a workaround for registering ACPI platform devices with overlapping I/O or memory resources, an ACPI EC driver fix related to probe deferral on platforms using HW-reduced ACPI, two ACPI battery driver fixes and a workaround for handling model numbers with unprintable characters in it, probe error cleanup and driver unload code path fixes, hardware error reporting fixes, documentation fixes, and assorted code cleanups all over. Specifics: - Eliminate struct acpi_driver whose users have all been converted to bind to platform devices or auxiliary devices and set the "no power management" flag for all struct acpi_device objects (Rafael Wysocki) - Avoid complaints regarding missing _OSC features on platforms where OSC_CAPABILITIES_MASK_ERROR is set in _OSC error bits even though all of the requested features are actually acknowledged (Rafael Wysocki) - Avoid printing confusing _OSC messages for non-PCIe host bridges without _OSC which is a valid configuration (Kazuma Kondo) - Use correct region struct for BERT region size check and properly map BERT and CCEL data to their ACPI tables (Thomas Renninger) - Add acpi_device_clear_deps(), refactor RISC-V interrupt controller management code to extract generic code from it into the common ACPI IRQ code, and enable GICv5 IWB ACPI probe ordering detection on ARM on top of that (Lorenzo Pieralisi) - Stop using acpi_device_name() in the PNP core, stop setting acpi_device_name/class() in the Xen variant of the ACPI PAD (Processor Aggregator Device) driver, and make the Loongarch laptop driver stop setting acpi_device_class() (Rafael Wysocki) - Fix issues related to the desired_perf register access in the ACPI CPPC library and update it to avoid unnecessary overhead (Christian Loehle) - Simplify acpi_get_pci_dev() with the help of a mutex guard, introduce acpi_dev_get_pci_dev() for code that has a struct ACPI device for which it wants to get the struct pci_dev pointer of the associated PCI device, and use it in the ACPI video bus driver (Rafael Wysocki) - Avoid registering platform devices with resource overlaps in the ACPI core device enumeration code (Rafael Wysocki) - Clean up the list of included header files in the NHLT table parser and validate the table and record lengths in the FPDT parser (Andy Shevchenko and Pengpeng Hou) - Unregister the cpufreq notifier on init failure in the ACPI processor driver (Can Peng) - Validate MADT IOAPIC entry bounds during IOAPIC hotplug lookup in the ACPI processor driver (Pengpeng Hou) - Avoid _REG disconnect on probe deferrals related to GPIO IRQ in the ACPI EC driver (Zhu Ling) - Update kerneldoc comments of two structures in the ACPI bus type code to use correct struct member names to avoid warnings (Randy Dunlap) - Use a correct function parameter name in kernel-doc in the ACPI fan driver (Randy Dunlap) - Update ACPI fan IDs to follow modern style and clean up header file inclusions in the ACPI fan driver (Andy Shevchenko) - Use devm_acpi_install_notify_handler() to replace a custom open-coded devres-based management of an ACPI notify handler in the ACPI fan driver (Rafael Wysocki) - Adjust charging status validation check in the ACPI battery driver to avoid incorrect status reporting (Rafael Wysocki) - Merge consecutive battery notifications in the ACPI battery driver to reduce the pressure on STA, _BST and _BIX/_BIF ACPI control methods and make that driver use kstrtoul() instead of sscanf("%lu\n") (Rong Zhang) - Sanitise model_number in the ACPI battery driver by dropping unprintable characters (Kate Hsuan) - Remove a node_set() call that is redundant from acpi_parse_memory_affinity() (Sang-Heon Jeon) - Prevent kernel-doc warnings by converting 2 function description comments to kernel-doc format (Randy Dunlap) - Fix docs build error in the ACPI admin-guide documentation (Randy Dunlap) - Replace __get_free_page() with kmalloc() in the code handling ACPI NVS memory during system suspend/resume (Mike Rapoport) - Fix card device cleanup on registration failure in the core PNP code (Yuho Choi) - Drop an unused assignment of pnp_device_id driver data (Uwe Kleine-König) - Clear driver_data on all paths that free acpi_pci_root in acpi_pci_root_add() (Chen Pei) - Add locking around evaluation of ACPI control methods in the ACPI TAD driver to avoid race conditions (Rafael Wysocki) - Handle repeated SEA error storms in APEI (Junhao He) - Fix ERST timeout unit conversion in APEI (Nirmoy Das) - Fix ARM section length accounting after header in the ACPI APEI GHES driver (TanZheng) - Mark ghes_in_nmi_spool_from_list() as maybe unused (Rui Qi) - Introduce helper function acpi_dev_is_video_device() and use it in the core ACPI device enumeration code, in the ACPI video bus driver, in the ACPI support code for I2C, in the PCI VGA driver, and in the x86 platform thinkpad_acpi driver (Andy Shevchenko) - Add a quirk to use the native backlight on Acer Nitro AN515-46 to the ACPI video bus driver (Marcos Paulo Medeiros) - Release PCI device reference after lookup in video_detect_portege_r100() in the ACPI video bus driver (Yuho Choi)" * tag 'acpi-7.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (61 commits) ACPI: scan: Avoid registering platform devices with resource overlaps ACPI: APEI: Handle repeated SEA error storms ACPI: APEI: Fix ERST timeout unit conversion ACPI: APEI: GHES: fix ARM section length accounting after header ACPI: video: Release PCI device reference after lookup ACPI: PCI: Avoid misleading _OSC messages for non-PCIe host bridges without _OSC ACPI: TAD: Add locking around AML evaluations ACPI: video: force native backlight on Acer Nitro AN515-46 ACPI: CPPC: Evaluate performance-control PCC use once ACPI: CPPC: Avoid locking standalone full-width registers ACPI: CPPC: Avoid unnecessary reads for full-width writes ACPI: CPPC: Stop reading desired_perf in cppc_get_perf() ACPI: CPPC: Skip desired_perf read in cppc_get_perf() ACPI: CPPC: Reject desired_perf reads on _CPC revision 4+ ACPI: processor: Unregister cpufreq notifier on init failure ACPI: bus: Avoid confusing complaints regarding missing _OSC features ACPI: battery: Adjust charging status validation check ACPI: pmtmr: Convert to kernel-doc format ACPI: bus: Use correct struct member names ACPI: fan: Use correct function parameter name in kernel-doc ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/linuxLinus Torvalds
Pull fscrypt updates from Eric Biggers: "The main change this cycle is a significant simplification that's been overdue for a while now: standardizing on a single file contents encryption implementation in ext4 and f2fs, instead of having two. Specifically, the original filesystem-layer file contents encryption implementation is removed, and the blk-crypto implementation is now used unconditionally. blk-crypto delegates either to inline crypto hardware or to the CPU via blk-crypto-fallback. The latter is functionally equivalent to the original filesystem-layer code. The blk-crypto implementation already existed, but previously it was used only when the filesystem was mounted with "-o inlinecrypt". Now, "-o inlinecrypt" just selects whether inline crypto hardware is used. To allow maintaining that user control over hardware use, the blk-crypto API is extended with a new flag BLK_CRYPTO_CFG_ALLOW_HW. Overall, this removes quite a bit of redundant code from ext4, f2fs, and fs/crypto/. It should make things easier for ongoing filesystem efforts such as iomap support, large folios, and btrfs encryption (btrfs had already been planning to use blk-crypto exclusively.) There are two small behavior changes of note: - Direct I/O now works on encrypted files even without "-o inlinecrypt", rather than falling back to buffered I/O. This is effectively a bugfix, though I'll continue to keep an eye out for any user that may have been depending on the buffered I/O fallback. - IV_INO_LBLK_32 policies are no longer supported in certain cases that didn't make sense and have no known uses. This has been in linux-next since July 22 with no reported issues. All encryption xfstests pass on ext4 and f2fs. As usual I've also been using it on a system with an fscrypt-encrypted home directory. Of course, the blk-crypto code paths also aren't new and were already being used on many systems via the inlinecrypt mount option. In addition to the main change described above, there are a few other cleanups such as using lock guards for mutexes, improving documentation, and removing a workaround for outdated gcc versions" * tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/linux: (29 commits) blk-crypto: Update docs for blk-crypto-fallback motivation blk-crypto: Remove unused function blk_crypto_config_supported() fscrypt: Update docs for data path fscrypt: Remove unused function fscrypt_finalize_bounce_page() f2fs: Update outdated comment in f2fs_write_begin() fs: Update outdated comment for SB_INLINECRYPT fscrypt: Update encryption policy version docs fscrypt: Replace some variable-size memsets with fixed-size fscrypt: Add safety checks to non-block-based en/decryption fscrypt: Merge bio.c and inline_crypt.c into block.c fscrypt: Remove unused functions and workqueue fscrypt: Remove fs-layer zeroout code fscrypt: Remove fscrypt_dio_supported() fscrypt: Replace calls to fscrypt_inode_uses_inline_crypto() fs/buffer: Remove fs-layer decryption code f2fs: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption code ext4: Further de-generalize the bio postprocessing code ext4: Make ext4_bio_write_folio() return void ext4: Remove fs-layer file contents en/decryption code Documentation: fscrypt: Update docs for inlinecrypt ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'hfs-v7.3-tag1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vdubeyko/hfs Pull HFS updates from Viacheslav Dubeyko: "This contains several fixes in HFS/HFS+ of syzbot reported issues and HFS/HFS+ fixes of xfstests failures. - b-tree bitmap corruption check (Aditya Prakash Srivastava) During b-tree open (hfs_btree_open()), the code verifies that the allocation map bit for the tree header (node 0) is set. If not, it indicates a corrupted map record/bitmap and mounts the volume as read-only (SB_RDONLY) to prevent further damage. - Validate catalog CNIDs before instantiating inodes (David Maximiliano Hermitte) The hfs_cat_find_brec() first resolves a catalog thread record by CNID and then looks up the corresponding catalog record by parent/name. On a corrupted filesystem image, the second lookup may find a record whose CNID does not match the CNID that was requested. Finally, corrupted catalog records are rejected. - Validate B-tree record offset table (Jiaming Zhang) A crafted HFS+ image can contain a corrupted B-tree node. The node descriptor may contain a record count that does not fit in the node, and record offsets may be unordered, unaligned, outside the node, or point into the offset table itself. Validate num_recs against the node size before walking the record offset table. Reject record ranges that are unordered, unaligned, outside the node, or overlapping the offset table. Reject invalid record indexes before reading their offset entries, and avoid decrementing an already-zero leaf_count. - Refactoring of hfsplus_delete_cat() logic (Kyle Zeng). The hfsplus_delete_cat() is called with str == NULL when the last open reference to an unlinked HFS+ hardlink backing inode is closed. In that case, the function finds the catalog thread by CNID and rebuilds the catalog key from thread.nodeName. A corrupted image can therefore provide an oversized thread name length and make hfs_bnode_read() write past the catalog search-key allocation. Read the CNID record through hfsplus_brec_read_cat(), which bounds the record read to sizeof(hfsplus_cat_entry) and verifies that a thread record's size exactly matches nodeName.length. - Cleanup in KUnit test (Mohammad Shahid) The kfree() safely handles NULL pointers, so the explicit NULL check in free_mock_str_env() before calling kfree() is unnecessary. The rest contain fixes of generic/564 xfstests' test-case failure for the case of HFS+ file system, syzbot reported issue in hfs_mdb_commit() and hfs_mdb_close() methods of HFS file system, and reworking the MDB locking scheme in HFS file system" * tag 'hfs-v7.3-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vdubeyko/hfs: hfsplus: validate extent record length before writing it back hfsplus: validate B-tree record offset table hfs: rework MDB locking scheme fs: hfsplus: remove redundant NULL check before kfree() hfs: port HFS+ b-tree bitmap corruption check hfs: don't re-dirty MDB buffers after a write failure hfsplus: fix error code when writing beyond volume capacity hfs: fix error code when writing beyond volume capacity hfsplus: validate thread record before delete key rebuild hfs: validate catalog CNIDs before instantiating inodes
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.sync' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs writeback updates from Christian Brauner: "This makes sync_inode_metadata() and writeback_single_inode() persist not only the inode but all metadata associated with it. A new .sync_inode_metadata superblock operation is called from __writeback_single_inode(). Alongside it a new I_METADATA_WRITEBACK state flag is added. Filesystems no longer need their own mmb_fsync() implementations and can just use simple_fsync(). All metadata is now written for IS_SYNC and IS_DIRSYNC inodes. Races where several fsyncs raced and mmb_sync() could return before all buffers were really persisted are fixed since I_SYNC now serializes properly. The I_METADATA_WRITEBACK scheme also fixes the case where a WB_SYNC_NONE writeback landing between write(2) and fsync(2) left fsync(2) failing to persist the inode. That problem is not specific to filesystems using the generic metadata bh tracking, and the ones that do not are left alone. ext2, udf, bfs, minix, fat and ext4 in nojournal mode have their data integrity writeout fixed and are converted. affs drops metadata bh tracking and mmb_fsync() is removed. A few other fixes came out of this: - a UAF in mark_buffer_write_io_error() - missed inode writeback when racing with __writeback_single_inode() - ext4 allocating the mapping_metadata_bhs struct on demand - three fat fixes: a lost inode update in do_msdos_rename() with DIRSYNC, inode buffer write errors not propagating out of fat_sync_inode_metadata() and directory entries not being persisted on fsync(2) of the root directory" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.sync' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (24 commits) writeback: Export __inode_attach_wb() fat: Fix persisting directory entries on fsync(2) of the root directory fat: Propagate inode buffer write errors from fat_sync_inode_metadata() fat: Fix lost inode update in do_msdos_rename() with DIRSYNC vfs: Remove mmb_fsync() fat: Replace fat_sync_inode() with sync_inode_metadata() fat: Fix missed inode writeback during fsync(2) ext4: Fix data integrity writeout issues in nojournal mode minix: Fix data integrity writeout issues bfs: Fix data integrity writeout issues udf: Fold udf_update_inode() into udf_write_inode() udf: Use sync_inode_metadata() in udf_evict_inode() udf: Drop udf_sync_inode() udf: Use sync_inode_metadata() to writeout IS_SYNC inode udf: Fix data integrity writeout issues ext2: Fix data integrity writeout issues ext2: Avoid unnecessary inode buffer writeback for sync(2) ext2: Drop __ext2_write_inode() ext2: Fix lost inode updates for IS_SYNC inodes fs: Provide way for filesystem to wait for metadata writeback ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.super' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs superblock updates from Christian Brauner: - Make it possible to share a block device between multiple filesystems. erofs can mount read-only blob devices shared between many superblocks, but because we only tracked a single superblock a freeze, thaw, removal or sync on such a device was never propagated to all the superblocks using it, and there was no way to find them. Add an efficient table to lookup all superblocks using a given block device. - A bunch of pre-existing fixes fell out of this work: A block-device freeze racing a btrfs device change could leave the whole filesystem stuck frozen. A bdev_freeze() issued by "dmsetup suspend" or an LVM snapshot resolves that holder to freeze the filesystem. and bdev_thaw() resolves it again to thaw. A freeze landing while btrfs is adding, removing or replacing a device freezes the filesystem. The membership change then drops that link. So the matching thaw could no longer find the superblock. Forbid freezing a device for the duration of a membership change, modelled on deny_write_access()/allow_write_access(). * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.super' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (24 commits) super: fix dying superblock warning messages block: reject block device inodes with i_rdev == 0 in lookup_bdev() selftests/filesystems: add ustat() coverage fs: look up the superblock via the device table in user_get_super() super: make fs_holder_ops private f2fs: open via dedicated fs bdev helpers erofs: open via dedicated fs bdev helpers fs: tolerate per-superblock freeze errors on shared devices fs: look up superblocks via the device table in fs_holder_ops ext4: open via dedicated fs bdev helpers btrfs: open via dedicated fs bdev helpers xfs: port to fs_bdev_file_open_by_path() fs: add dedicated block device open helpers for filesystems fs: maintain a global device-to-superblock table ocfs2: don't reset s_dev on dismount ext4: use anonymous devices for KUnit test superblocks fs, block: move blk_mode_t and fop_flags_t into <linux/types.h> super: take lock after last reference count super: convert s_count to refcount_t s_passive btrfs: deny freezing devices undergoing a replace ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.netfs' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull cachefiles ondemand removal from Christian Brauner: "This sunsets cachefiles ondemand mode. It was an effort to make fscache usable as a kernel cache for lazy pulling. EROFS over fscache was its only in-tree user. fscache has since become netfslib-oriented while EROFS never acts as a network filesystem and EROFS over fscache has been removed. So this cleans up the netfs, fscache and cachefiles side as well" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.netfs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: cachefiles,netfs: sunset ondemand mode
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.misc' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull misc vfs updates from Christian Brauner: "Bigger cleanups: - The lockref dead-count handling is tidied up. The open-coded check for a count below zero as the dead marker relies on information the caller should not have. - make put_mnt_ns() leave mounts connected. Destroying a mount namespace disconnected its mounts from their mount points. So a file descriptor still open on the parent of a mount point could be used to peek under it. Locked mounts were already kept connected to prevent exactly that. But a mount is only locked when its tree is copied across a user namespace boundary. So a mount namespace set up by a privileged component had no locked mounts and its mounts were disconnected. Passing UMOUNT_CONNECTED keeps every mount connected and prevents that bug. - vfs_prepare_mode() passes S_IFDIR for directories. I meant to fix that ago but didn't get to it. So now someone finally did it. This kills the exception where the mode could be 0 when a directory was created whereas every other creation operation passed it explicitly already. - move long delayed work for ufs, jffs2, hfsplus, hfs and affs from the per-cpu system_long_wq to the new unbound system_dfl_long_wq. None of that work relies on per-cpu state and the work item is enqueued with queue_delayed_work() whose timer is global anyway. So it may as well benefit from scheduler task placement. Smaller fixes and cleanups: - unlock_buffer() and journal_end_buffer_io_sync() use clear_and_wake_up_bit() - the pipe page pools are unified into a single per-pipe pool and the extra wake_up(rd_wait) is limited to EPOLLET consumers - eventpoll now computes its timer slack lazily in ep_poll() - shrink_dcache_for_umount() keeps making progress on busy roots - excess xarray nodes are freed in clear_inode() - romfs detects hard link cycles - the user path of nested backing files is fixed - pidfd holds exec_update_lock around the namespace ioctl - non-memcg-aware nr_cached_objects is skipped during memcg slab shrink - iomap_write_iter() always returns status - mangle_path() is renamed to seq_mangle_path() - inode timestamp accessors are annotated - new regression test for pipe->poll_usage. - a few documentation, kernel-doc and selftest fixes" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (67 commits) selftests/namespaces: Fix racy pipe handshake in timens and pidns_separate selftests/epoll: add a regression test for pipe->poll_usage pipe: only enable the extra wake_up(rd_wait) for EPOLLET consumers pidfd: hold exec_update_lock around namespace ioctl fs: fix user path of nested backing files fs: remove stale inode_insert5() kernel-doc parameter fs: fix switch/case indentation in sysfs() syscall fs: document semantics of kstat::{uid,gid} fields dcache: keep shrink_dcache_for_umount() making progress on busy roots seq_file: rename mangle_path to seq_mangle_path nstree: add/fix struct ns_id_req kernel-doc member fields dcache: use lockref routines for dead count checks lockref: tidy up dead count handling initramfs: fix typo in reserve_initrd_mem comment fs/pipe: unify the page pools into a single per-pipe pool fs: annotate inode timestamp accessors eventpoll: compute timer slack lazily in ep_poll() selftests/filesystems: add mntns cleanup test put_mnt_ns(): leave mounts connected affs: Move long delayed work on system_dfl_long_wq ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.lookup' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs lookup updates from Christian Brauner: "This refactors lookup_open() and adds vfs_lookup_open() for nfsd. mnt_want_write() and parent locking are moved into lookup_open() itself. audit_inode_child() is also now called in lookup_open() on failure. That is the calling convention in vfs_create() and vfs_mkdir(), but lookup_open() made no such call when atomic_open() should have created a file and did not. And neither did the regular ->create() path fwiw. This also contains work to remove the unneeded excl argument from the ->create() inode op" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.lookup' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: fs/namei.c: fix coding style in atomic_open() and lookup_open() fs/namei.c: fix kerneldoc of atomic_open() and vfs_lookup_open() fs/namei.c: update stale comments in lookup_open() Remove excl arg to ->create inode_operation fs/namei.c: update kerneldoc of atomic_open() vfs: call audit_inode_child() in lookup_open() on failure vfs: move create error && negative dentry case in lookup_open() up VFS: add vfs_lookup_open() for nfsd VFS: move delegated_inode retry loop into lookup_open() VFS: move mnt_want_write() and locking into lookup_open()
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.kthread' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull kthread vfs updates from Christian Brauner: "This stops kernel threads from sharing filesystem state with userspace. This work is about 3 cycles old and has been in -next for about that time. When the kernel boots init_task creates PID 1 and then kthreadd. From that point every kthread and PID 1 share the same fs_struct. That is why pivot_root() has to rewrite the fs_struct of all kthreads. The rewriting exists so that kthreads can use init's filesystem state when they want to. It also means userspace can move the ground out from under the kernel. PID 1 now gets a completely separate fs_struct. All kthreads are anchored in a private SB_KERNMOUNT instance of nullfs that cannot be mounted on and cannot be used to follow other mounts. Userspace init can no longer affect kthread filesystem state and kthreads can no longer affect userspace fs state without explicit opting in to that. Path lookup from a kthread now fails by default. It makes it deliberately hard to offload security sensitive operations into init's filesystem state from a kthread. Places that legitimately need to look something up there opt in through the new scoped_with_init_fs() which temporarily overrides the caller's fs_struct with init's. usermodehelpers remain the only kernel tasks that genuinely share init's filesystem state, since they execute random binaries in the root filesystem (excellent...). The visible result is that /proc/2/root is a nullfs with an empty mountinfo while /proc/1/root is the real root" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.kthread' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (26 commits) initramfs_test: use test init/exit hooks to override init fs fs: stop rewriting paths for PF_EXITING | PF_DUMPCORE fs: stop rewriting kthread fs structs fs: start all kthreads in nullfs nullfs: make nullfs multi-instance devtmpfs: create private mount namespace fs: add umh argument to struct kernel_clone_args fs: stop sharing fs_struct between init_task and pid 1 af_unix: use scoped_with_init_fs() for coredump socket lookup initramfs: use scoped_with_init_fs() for rootfs unpacking pnfs/blocklayout: use scoped_with_init_fs() for SCSI device lookup ksmbd: use scoped_with_init_fs() for VFS path operations ksmbd: use scoped_with_init_fs() for filesystem info path lookup ksmbd: use scoped_with_init_fs() for share path resolution fs: use scoped_with_init_fs() for kernel_read_file_from_path_initns() coredump: use scoped_with_init_fs() for coredump path resolution btrfs: use scoped_with_init_fs() for update_dev_time() scsi: target: use scoped_with_init_fs() for APTPL metadata scsi: target: use scoped_with_init_fs() for ALUA metadata crypto: ccp: use scoped_with_init_fs() for SEV file access ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.kfunc' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs bpf access updates from Christian Brauner: "This adds a bpf_sock_read_xattr() kfunc so a BPF LSM program can read a user.* extended attribute from a socket's sockfs inode locklessly. userspace already uses user.* xattrs on sockets to implement socket rate limiting and to tag sockets for other purposes such as a varlink registry. There has been no efficient way for a BPF program to read those labels back. With this a listening socket marked from userspace with fsetxattr() can be read back during bind or connect and acted upon on the connecting socket. That lets userspace mark sockets and later rediscover them or implement policy on them" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.kfunc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: selftests/bpf: Add test for bpf_sock_read_xattr() kfunc fs: Add bpf_sock_read_xattr() kfunc to read socket xattrs
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.iomap' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull iomap updates from Christian Brauner: "The bulk of this is the conversion of iomap to a single ->iomap_next() callback and thus finishing the move to an iterator model. Every iomap operation drove its iteration through a struct iomap_ops holding ->iomap_begin() and ->iomap_end(). iomap_iter() only ever sees those as pointers. That means every step of every iteration is an indirect call. This collapses both into one ->iomap_next() callback that finishes the previous mapping and produces the next one. This lets callers inline the iteration loop and pass its ->iomap_next() as a compile time constant. That means the compiler can turn it into a direct and hence inlineable call. This also allows future callers to express custom logic to drive the iteration forward better. xfs, btrfs, ext4, ext2, erofs, f2fs, gfs2, hpfs, fuse, exfat, zonefs, ntfs, ntfs3 and the block device mapping are all converted. No functional changes are intended. This also adds a simple direct I/O path for small reads. On Gen5 NVMe the __iomap_dio_rw() dominates 4K random reads. The same single-core io_uring poll mode workload reaches ~3.2M IOPS against the raw block device but only ~1.92M through ext4 or XFS. __iomap_dio_rw(), iomap_iter(), iomap_dio_bio_iter() and kfree() were at the top of the profile. The new path is very lightweight if no special behavior is requested. The bio comes from a dedicated bioset and laid out so the whole request is a single cacheline aligned allocation. Completion runs inline. That takes ext4 from 1.92M to 2.19M IOPS in the original workload. fio shows around: - 4% at libaio queue depths of 64 and up - around 5% for io_uring - up to 10% for io_uring poll mode at depth 256 on both ext4 and xfs. A few other patches: - iomap_folio_mark_uptodate() lets a filesystem that writes into the page cache outside the iomap read and write paths keep iomap's internal uptodate bitmap in sync, which fuse needs for server-pushed notify stores before it can enable large folios; - two fixes for iomap_bio_read_folio_range_sync(): a potential crash when device integrity behavior is changed and a missing bio_uninit(). - a folio batch release fix on iomap callback failures - FGP_NOFS is dropped from iomap_get_folio() - documentation fix" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.iomap' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (29 commits) iomap: iomap_bio_read_folio_range_sync is missing a call to bio_uninit iomap: don't free integrity payload that doesn't exist docs: fix grammatical error in iomap docs exfat: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() fuse: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() hpfs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() gfs2: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() f2fs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() block: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() ext2: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() zonefs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() erofs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() ext4: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() ntfs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() ntfs3: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() btrfs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() xfs: convert iomap ops to ->iomap_next() iomap: add ->iomap_next() iomap: use GFP_NOWAIT when application for iomap_dio_simple allocations iomap: decouple simple direct I/O reads from iomap_dio_rw ...
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.failfs' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull failfs filesystem from Christian Brauner: "Add failfs and expose a FD_FAILFS_ROOT sentinel. This allows userspace to shed their filesystem state completely. A process with its root or working directory in failfs must anchor every path lookup at an explicit file descriptor. Absolute paths, absolute symlinks and AT_FDCWD-relative lookups simply fail. Failfs is the counterpart to nullfs. nullfs says adds a permanently empty, immutable directory whose lookups fail with ENOENT but which can be opened, read, stat'd and mounted upon. Failfs on the other hand fails every operation. The root cannot be opened at all. A single instance is mounted during early boot via kern_mount(), which makes it logically distinct from every mount namespace. This is accompanied by a new fchroot() system call which makes chrooting via a file descriptor a first class concept. It's possible to chroot into failfs as an unprivileged user provided the task has no new privileges set" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.failfs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: Documentation: add failfs documentation selftests/filesystems: add failfs selftests arch: hookup fchroot() system call fs: support FD_FAILFS_ROOT in fchroot() fs: add fchroot() fs: support FD_FAILFS_ROOT in fchdir() fs: add failfs
2026-08-17Merge tags 'vfs-7.3-rc1.efs' and 'vfs-7.3-rc1.freevxfs' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull efs and freevxfs removal from Christian Brauner: "This removes the EFS and freevxfs filesystems: - EFS was the read-only on-disk format SGI used on IRIX before XFS - freevxfs provided compatibility with various old-school Unix systems from the 1990s and was fun 25 years ago. Today it mostly serves as fodder for automated bug checkers. There has been only one known user and contributor in the last 15 years" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.efs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: efs: Remove EFS * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.freevxfs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: freevxfs: remove the driver
2026-08-17Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.binfmt' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull binfmt updates from Christian Brauner: "This contains a bunch of work for binfmt_misc. It fixes a bunch of old bugs, reworks the locking, and then extends the format registry so a binary type can be matched programmatically and its interpreter computed per exec instead of being a fixed string recorded at registration time. This allows nixos and other to e.g., implement relocatable binaries meaning the interpreter/dynamic loader can be determined programatically, say found relative to the binary. The mechanism is flexible and can support other policies: - Handler lookup is now an rcu walk. An exec that matches no binfmt_misc entry should now never write to a shared cacheline - remove the VERBOSE_STATUS and USE_DEBUG compile time toggles - convert the entry file to a seq_file which simplifies things quite a bit and kills a lot of custom logic - make flags proper enums - rename struct Node to binfmt_misc_entry - allow entries to be removed with unlink(2) - Add the ability to attach bpf programs to binfmt_misc entries so it's possible to dynamically choose the execution environment such as the loader or interpreter on a per binary basis. A handler is an instance of a binfmt_misc_ops struct_ops with a ->match() and a ->load() program. match() decides from the entry lookup walk whether the handler applies under the same registration-order. It can read file content as needed not only the prefetched 256 bytes in bprm->buf. load() then selects the interpreter and stages it through the new bpf_binprm_set_interp(), bpf_binprm_set_interp_arg() and bpf_binprm_set_flags() kfuncs. Handlers are published in a registry keyed by the registering task's user namespace and activated through the existing text interface with a new 'B' type carrying the handler name: echo ':origin:B::::nix:' > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register The permission and namespacing model is unchanged. Activating a handler requires the same write access to an instance as any other registration. A container mounting its own instance escapes the host's entries exactly as before. The computed interpreter is opened with open_exec() under the caller's credentials and goes through full LSM vetting as the next binprm level. A program can only ever redirect the caller to something the caller could exec anyway. - Two dispatch modes are added. So far the chosen interpreter owns the whole process identity (argv[0], /proc/pid/cmdline, /proc/self/exe all name interpreter information). So relocatable find the dynamic linker instead. Also a binary passed to execveat() as an inaccessible O_CLOEXEC fd cannot run at all and gdb trips because AT_ENTRY and AT_PHDR do not match the exe file. So PIE symbols are unrelocated. This adds transparent dispatch which allows the interpreter to load the binary through AT_EXECFD and leaves the argument vector exactly as the caller built it and labels mm->exe_file and comm with the binary. It also raises the AT_FLAGS_TRANSPARENT_INTERP aux vector bit. The interpreter keeps control of mapping the binary. The second mode is loader substitution. This allows a binary to be executed natively and only the interpreter to be changed. - Last, interpreters can be bound at registration time. Each interpreter is opened by its own write with the credentials the entry file was opened with. The program picks one per exec with bpf_binprm_select_interp(). Ucounts are used to properly account for pre-opened interpreters via /proc/sys/user/max_binfmt_misc_interpreters" * tag 'vfs-7.3-rc1.binfmt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (63 commits) binfmt_misc: document the pre-opened interpreter limit selftests/exec: test the pre-opened interpreter limit binfmt_misc: correctly account pre-opened interpreters binfmt_misc: document interpreters bound by a 'B' entry selftests/exec: test interpreters bound to a 'B' entry binfmt_misc: let a 'B' entry bind its interpreters binfmt_misc: carry pre-opened interpreters in struct binfmt_misc_interp selftests/exec: share the bpf handler preconditions binfmt_misc: document registering an entry disabled selftests/exec: test registering an entry disabled selftests/exec: let binfmt_flag_supported() return a bool selftests/exec: check that a binfmt_misc instance cannot be pinned binfmt_misc: let a register string create an entry disabled binfmt_misc: document loader substitution selftests/exec: test binfmt_misc loader substitution binfmt_misc: let a bpf handler request loader substitution binfmt_misc: add the 'L' loader substitution flag binfmt_elf_fdpic: consume a stashed PT_INTERP substitute binfmt_elf: consume a stashed PT_INTERP substitute exec: carry a PT_INTERP substitute in struct linux_binprm ...
2026-08-16Merge tag 'timers_urgent_for_v7.2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull timer fixes from Borislav Petkov: - Detect a broken EL2 virtual timer in the bcm2712 SoC boards (RPi5) and fallback to the physical one instead - Fix a build error with ARM rpc_defconfig and function tracer enabled * tag 'timers_urgent_for_v7.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: clocksource/drivers/arm_arch_timer: Workaround bcm2712 broken EL2 virtual timer tick: Include ktime.h and jiffies.h in linux/tick.h
2026-08-16Merge tag 'core_urgent_for_v7.2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull rseq fix from Borislav Petkov: - Prevent a lockup when rseq grants a timeslice extension * tag 'core_urgent_for_v7.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: rseq: Prevent hard lockup on granted time slice extension
2026-08-12cachefiles,netfs: sunset ondemand modeGao Xiang
It was an effort to enhance fscache as a kernel cache for lazy pulling (at least according to previous Incremental FS discussion [1]) and EROFS over fscache was the in-tree user of this mode. fscache has since evolved to be netfslib-oriented, serving network filesystem inodes via the netfs library, but EROFS never acts as a network filesystem and we need to cache golden filesystem images rather than individual EROFS inodes. Since EROFS over fscache is now removed, clean up netfs/fscache/ cachefiles upstream too. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAOQ4uxi4dzxArY24YO=+kBCK2gGoq3Ptb8WkzCqSogPgU_R3dQ@mail.gmail.com [dh] Fixed up comments on: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260716103030.3065561-1-dhowells%40redhat.com https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260722130218.78958-1-dhowells%40redhat.com Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/1046393.1786544127@warthog.procyon.org.uk cc: Paulo Alcantara <pc@manguebit.org> cc: netfs@lists.linux.dev cc: linux-erofs@lists.ozlabs.org cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-12pipe: only enable the extra wake_up(rd_wait) for EPOLLET consumersOleg Nesterov
pipe_poll() unconditionally sets ->poll_usage on the first call, forcing anon_pipe_write() to wake up readers on every write even if the pipe was not empty. The reason is that some legacy epoll(EPOLLET) users depend on historical per-write wakeups, see commit 3a34b13a88ca ("pipe: make pipe writes always wake up readers"). Test-case: #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/epoll.h> #include <assert.h> int main(void) { int pfd[2], efd; struct epoll_event evt = { .events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET }; pipe(pfd); efd = epoll_create1(0); epoll_ctl(efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, pfd[0], &evt); for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { write(pfd[1], "", 1); assert(epoll_wait(efd, &evt, 1, 0) == 1); } return 0; } it fails if WRITE_ONCE(poll_usage, true) is removed from pipe_poll(). However, without EPOLLET in .events, it does not need the extra wakeup and succeeds even if write() is called only once before the main loop. Currently io_uring without (unsupported) IORING_POLL_ADD_LEVEL always sets EPOLLET, and in IORING_POLL_ADD_MULTI mode it depends on per-write wakeups the same way: #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <sys/epoll.h> #include <sys/syscall.h> #include <linux/io_uring.h> #include <assert.h> int main(void) { struct io_uring_params p = {}; int fd, pfd[2]; pipe(pfd); fd = syscall(SYS_io_uring_setup, 2, &p); assert(fd >= 0); void *ring = mmap(0, p.cq_off.cqes + p.cq_entries * sizeof(struct io_uring_cqe), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, IORING_OFF_SQ_RING); assert(ring != MAP_FAILED); *(unsigned *)(ring + p.sq_off.tail) = 1; struct io_uring_sqe *sqes = mmap(0, p.sq_entries * sizeof(*sqes), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, IORING_OFF_SQES); assert(sqes != MAP_FAILED); sqes[0].opcode = IORING_OP_POLL_ADD; sqes[0].fd = pfd[0]; sqes[0].len = IORING_POLL_ADD_MULTI; sqes[0].poll32_events = EPOLLIN; syscall(SYS_io_uring_enter, fd, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0); unsigned *cq_head = ring + p.cq_off.head; unsigned *cq_tail = ring + p.cq_off.tail; for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { write(pfd[1], "", 1); syscall(SYS_io_uring_enter, fd, 0, 0, IORING_ENTER_GETEVENTS, 0, 0); assert(*cq_tail == ++*cq_head); } return 0; } the 2nd assert() in the main loop fails without ->poll_usage == true. Rename ->poll_usage to ->pseudo_edgetrigger to make the purpose clearer, update the comments, and change pipe_poll() to set ->pseudo_edgetrigger only if wait->_key & EPOLLET is true. This check should catch both users, and this way poll/select and epoll without EPOLLET users will not pay for the extra wakeup. Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/anCNoW-x0bcB2ggg@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-12fs: document semantics of kstat::{uid,gid} fieldsJann Horn
The uid stored in struct kstat is logically a vfsuid; file systems initialize it by converting a kuid (filesystem perspective) to a vfsuid (mount perspective), then use vfsuid_into_kuid(), which essentially just typecasts from vfsuid to kuid. For now, just add a comment to note this mismatch between C type and semantic type. Below are some notes for anyone who wants to refactor this in the future. There are probably two options to refactor this away: 1. Change the type of kstat::uid to vfsuid_t, and perform the conversion from vfsuid to userspace-uid in the VFS layer. This wouldn't change machine code, just be more semantically correct. 2. Change the semantics of kstat::uid to really be a kuid_t, and let the VFS layer take care of doing the translation from kuid to vfsuid that is currently done in filesystem code (or in generic_fillattr, on behalf of the filesystem code). Option 2 is probably neater since it moves more logic into the generic VFS layer, and this is something that is expected to work the same way in all file systems? The following coccinelle script: ``` virtual context @@ struct kstat *stat; @@ * stat->uid @@ struct kstat *stat; @@ * stat->gid @@ struct kstat stat; @@ * stat.uid @@ struct kstat stat; @@ * stat.gid ``` detects 43 field accesses to these uid/gid fields. Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260803-vfs-comment-stat-uid-v1-1-162d062b737c@google.com Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-10tick: Include ktime.h and jiffies.h in linux/tick.hKarl Mehltretter
The !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON stubs use ktime_add(), ktime_get() and TICK_NSEC, but tick.h includes neither <linux/ktime.h> nor <linux/jiffies.h>. Most configurations build only because those declarations arrive transitively. Commit 6440966067dc ("cpuset: Remove cpuset_cpu_is_isolated()") removed <linux/cpuset.h> from <linux/sched/isolation.h>. The <linux/cpuset.h> include chain had been satisfying these declarations before <linux/tick.h> was parsed. Commit 8aa76aa41589 ("ring-buffer: Use a housekeeping CPU to wake up waiters") then added <linux/sched/isolation.h> to ring_buffer.c ahead of any header which provides them. Neither change is wrong on its own: the failure requires both and appeared in v7.0. ARM rpc_defconfig + CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER fails to build: $ make ARCH=arm rpc_defconfig $ ./scripts/config -e FTRACE -e FUNCTION_TRACER $ make ARCH=arm olddefconfig $ make ARCH=arm kernel/trace/ring_buffer.o In file included from include/linux/sched/isolation.h:6, from kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c:8: include/linux/tick.h: In function 'tick_nohz_get_next_hrtimer': include/linux/tick.h:156:9: error: implicit declaration of function 'ktime_add'; did you mean 'size_add'? include/linux/tick.h:156:19: error: implicit declaration of function 'ktime_get'; did you mean 'time_init'? include/linux/tick.h:156:32: error: 'TICK_NSEC' undeclared Include the headers the file actually uses. Fixes: 8aa76aa41589 ("ring-buffer: Use a housekeeping CPU to wake up waiters") Signed-off-by: Karl Mehltretter <kmehltretter@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5.6-sol Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260722062141.19671-1-kmehltretter@gmail.com
2026-08-10Merge branch 'acpi-video'Rafael J. Wysocki
Merge updates related to the ACPI video bus driver for 7.3-rc1: - Introduce helper function acpi_dev_is_video_device() and use it in the core ACPI device enumeration code, in the ACPI video bus driver, in the ACPI support code for I2C, in the PCI VGA driver, and in the x86 platform thinkpad_acpi driver (Andy Shevchenko) - Add a quirk to use the native backlight on Acer Nitro AN515-46 to the ACPI video bus driver (Marcos Paulo Medeiros) - Release PCI device reference after lookup in video_detect_portege_r100() in the ACPI video bus driver (Yuho Choi) * acpi-video: ACPI: video: Release PCI device reference after lookup ACPI: video: force native backlight on Acer Nitro AN515-46 platform/x86: thinkpad_acpi: Convert to use acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper PCI/VGA: Convert to use acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper i2c: acpi: Convert to use acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper ACPI: video: Convert to use acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper ACPI: scan: Convert to use acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper ACPI: utils: Introduce acpi_dev_is_video_device() helper
2026-08-10rseq: Prevent hard lockup on granted time slice extensionNiels Pressel
__exit_to_user_mode_loop() invokes rseq_grant_timeslice_extension() with interrupts enabled. If the extension is granted it invokes hrtimer_rearm_deferred_tif() to ensure that a pending deferred hrtimer rearm is handled before exiting to user space. Though this invokes __hrtimer_rearm_deferred() which expects to be invoked with interrupts disabled as it takes hrtimer_cpu_base::lock with raw_spin_lock(). That's a livelock waiting to happen and caught by lockdep: WARNING: ./include/linux/hrtimer_rearm.h:17 at irqentry_exit, CPU#1: slice_test WARNING: inconsistent lock state inconsistent {IN-HARDIRQ-W} -> {HARDIRQ-ON-W} usage. Prevent this by disabling interrupts around the invocation of hrtimer_rearm_deferred_tif() in rseq_grant_timeslice_extension(). [ tglx: Massaged change log ] Fixes: 15dd3a948855 ("hrtimer: Push reprogramming timers into the interrupt return path") Signed-off-by: Niels Pressel <npressel@ethz.ch> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260802124423.51616-1-npressel@ethz.ch
2026-08-08Merge tag 'usb-7.2-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb Pull USB / Thunderbolt fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small USB and Thunderbolt driver fixes for 7.2-rc7 that resolve some reported issues. Included in here are: - new quirk for some broken USB devices - thunderbolt device fixes for reported issues - usb gadget driver fix - usb atm driver fix - xhci driver fixes. - other minor USB driver fixes All of these have been in linux-next this week with no reported issues" * tag 'usb-7.2-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb: usb: xhci: use BIT_ULL for CRCR bits to fix incorrect 64bit mask usb: quirks: Add ShanWan gamepad to quirk list usb: hub: Split announce_device() to log device identity before enumeration usb: core: Add quirk for 255-bytes initial config read usb: atm: cxacru: properly kill rcv_urb on error in cxacru_cm() usb: misc: usbio: check ibuf_len against rxbuf_len in bulk msg usb: gadget: f_ncm: Use unsigned int for ndp_index usb: cdnsp: fix incorrect endian conversions for APB timeout register thunderbolt: Initialize ->domain_released completion before it is being used thunderbolt: icm: Preserve USB4 proxy data-valid bit thunderbolt: Bound the DROM dual link port number before indexing sw->ports thunderbolt: Fix bandwidth group reservation indexing thunderbolt: stream: Unmap buffers with mapped size
2026-08-08Merge tag 'char-misc-7.2-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc and documentation fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small char/misc and nvmem and documentation fixes for 7.2-rc7 to resolve some reported issues. Included in here are: - updates to the documentation for the kernel threat model and security bugs to get the LLMs to actually follow what we have been asking them to do (i.e. not claim security issues for things we do not consider security issues.) - nvmem driver fixes which required a tiny "layout" driver to be added. - fastrpc driver fixes - mei driver fix - counter driver fix - binder driver fix All of these have been in linux-next this week with no reported problems" * tag 'char-misc-7.2-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: docs: security-bugs: clarify some mandatory steps for AI reports docs: coding-assistant: explain important steps when looking for bugs docs: security-bugs: clarify what counts as a valid version docs: threat-model: move fake devices out of "non production use" docs: threat-model: clarify "security bug" vs "vulnerability" counter: microchip-tcb-capture: Fix DT channel validation mei: pull kvfree out of spinlock rust_binder: do not query current thread for all ioctls nvmem: layouts: Add fixed-layout driver nvmem: apple-spmi-nvmem: wrap regmap calls to satisfy CFI misc: fastrpc: fix memory leak in fastrpc_channel_ctx_free misc: fastrpc: fix channel ctx ref leak when session alloc fails misc: fastrpc: take fl->lock when moving mmaps on interrupted invoke misc: fastrpc: Remove buffer from list prior to unmap operation misc: fastrpc: Fix initial memory allocation for Audio PD memory pool
2026-08-08Merge tag 'driver-core-7.2-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core Pull driver core fixes from Danilo Krummrich: - Fix Rust build failure on s390 by gating ioremap() / iounmap() helpers and the io::mem module on CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM; gate affected doctests as well. - Add missing kernel-doc for show_const / store_const union members in struct device_attribute. * tag 'driver-core-7.2-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core: rust: io: gate ioremap doctests on CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM rust: io: gate ioremap/iounmap on CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM driver core: add missing kernel-doc for union members
2026-08-08Merge tag 'input-for-v7.2-rc6' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input Pull input updates from Dmitry Torokhov: - Fixes for information leaks and OOB accesses across several drivers, including evdev, focaltech, edt-ft5x06, iforce, and cs40l50-vibra - Improvements to the synaptics-rmi4 driver to properly handle F54 worker errors and prevent buffer overflows - Input validation fixes in the hynitron_cstxxx touchscreen driver to prevent issues with invalid finger IDs and touch counts - Fixes for use-after-free and initialization bugs in the byd mouse and psxpad-spi drivers - New quirks for the atkbd driver to make keyboard work on HONOR and Xiaomi laptops - Support for the ZENAIM LEVERLESS controller in the xpad driver. * tag 'input-for-v7.2-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input: Input: evdev - sanitize event type index when fetching event masks Input: synaptics-rmi4 - propagate F54 worker errors to V4L2 queue Input: synaptics-rmi4 - block s_input when F54 queue is busy Input: synaptics-rmi4 - bound the F54 report size to the allocated buffer Input: synaptics-rmi4 - zero report size on F54 work error Input: synaptics-rmi4 - fix F55 transmitter electrode count typo Input: hynitron_cstxxx - validate touch count and finger IDs Input: evdev - fix information leak in evdev_pass_values() fixp-arith: convert comments to kernel-doc format Input: focaltech - fix array out-of-bounds in focaltech_process_rel_packet Input: atkbd - skip deactivate for HONOR ZQC-P Input: atkbd - skip deactivate for Xiaomi Book Pro 14's internal keyboard Input: iforce - validate input packet lengths Input: psxpad-spi - set driver data before use Input: cs40l50-vibra - validate custom data from user space Input: xpad - add support for ZENAIM LEVERLESS Input: edt-ft5x06 - ignore contacts with an out-of-range slot id Input: byd - synchronize timer deletion before freeing private data
2026-08-07Merge branch 'acpi-irqchip'Rafael J. Wysocki
Merge irqchip changes related to ACPI support that are needed to enable GICv5 IWB ACPI probe ordering detection on ARM, including the addition of acpi_device_clear_deps() and RISC-V interrupt controller management code refactoring to extract generic code from it into the common ACPI IRQ code (Lorenzo Pieralisi) * acpi-irqchip: irqchip/gic-v5: Enable GICv5 IWB ACPI probe ordering detection ACPI/IORT: Implement ACPI infrastructure to enable GICv5 IWB probe deferral ACPI: irq: Move RISC-V interrupt controllers autodep to ACPI IRQ code ACPI: RISC-V: Fix riscv_acpi_add_prt_dep() loop handling ACPI: RISC-V: Check acpi_get_handle() status in riscv_acpi_add_prt_dep() ACPI: RISC-V: Fix riscv_acpi_irq_get_dep() loop termination ACPI: Add acpi_device_clear_deps() helper function
2026-08-07Merge branches 'acpi-numa', 'acpi-misc' and 'pnp'Rafael J. Wysocki
Merge and ACPI support update related to NUMA, miscellaneous updates related to ACPI support, and PNP updates for 7.3-rc1: - Remove a node_set() call that is redundant from acpi_parse_memory_affinity() (Sang-Heon Jeon) - Prevent kernel-doc warnings by converting 2 function description comments to kernel-doc format (Randy Dunlap) - Fix docs build error in the ACPI admin-guide documentation (Randy Dunlap) - Replace __get_free_page() with kmalloc() in the code handling ACPI NVS memory during system suspend/resume (Mike Rapoport) - Fix card device cleanup on registration failure in the core PNP code (Yuho Choi) - Dropi an unused assignment of pnp_device_id driver data (Uwe Kleine-König) * acpi-numa: ACPI: NUMA: remove redundant node_set() call * acpi-misc: ACPI: pmtmr: Convert to kernel-doc format docs: ACPI: DSD: motorcomm: fix docs build error ACPI: NVS: replace __get_free_page() with kmalloc() * pnp: PNP: Fix card device cleanup on registration failure PNP: Drop unused assignment of pnp_device_id driver data
2026-08-07Merge tag 'thermal-7.2-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm Pull thermal control fixes from Rafael Wysocki: "Revert three thermal core updates, two recent ones and one older. The recent ones attempted to fix a design issue in the thermal core and simplify code on top of that, but they made changes visible to user space and made it unhappy. The older one is a misguided code cleanup that introduced a (potentially nasty) bug" * tag 'thermal-7.2-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: Revert "thermal/drivers/hwmon: Cleanup coding style a bit" Revert "thermal: hwmon: Register a hwmon device for each thermal zone" Revert "thermal: hwmon: Use extra_groups for adding temperature attributes"
2026-08-06Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-08-06-18-44' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM fixes from Andrew Morton: "17 hotfixes. 15 are cc:stable. 16 are for MM. There's a patch series from Lorenzo "mm: fix UAF caused by race between ptdump and vmap pgtable freeing" which addresses a quite old bug in the ptdump code. And another series also from Lorenzo which fixes a four year old bug in the huge_zero_folio handling. A series from SJ fixes a few possible divide-by-zero issues which Sashiko sniffed out. And a series which fixes handling of the commit_inputs parameters. The remainder are singletons, please see their changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-08-06-18-44' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: mm/damon: adjust isolated pages stat for DAMOS_MIGRATE_{HOT,COLD} mm/damon/ops-common: putback folios on invalid migrate nid mm/huge_memory: initialise workingset state before folio split mm/page_table_check: skip special zero mappings mm/damon/lru_sort: skip damon_call() if ctx has not started mm/damon/reclaim: skip damon_call() if ctx has not started mm/damon/lru_sort: error out for >10000 active_mem_bp samples/damon/mtier: error out for zero quota goal target values mailmap: map old addresses to Danila Tikhonov mm/huge_memory: separate out CONFIG_PERSISTENT_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO logic mm/huge_memory: fix huge_zero_pfn race MAINTAINERS: update address for Brendan Jackman mm/filemap: __filemap_add_folio() restore index before retrying microblaze: restore the page alignment of swapper_pg_dir arm64: remove redundant concurrent ptdump UAF mitigation mm/ptdump: always stabilise against page table freeing using init_mm mm/vmalloc: acquire init_mm lock on huge vmap to avoid ptdump UAF
2026-08-06Merge tag 'net-7.2-rc7' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net Pull networking fixes from Jakub Kicinski: "Including fixes from netfilter. Looks like our attempt to keep the PRs smaller have only prevented this one from getting even bigger. In the last 9 days there were 405 postings explicitly tagged with [PATCH net], vs 687 with [PATCH net-next]. 37% of posted patches being fixes is pretty crazy, and that's likely undercounting because LLM "researchers" more often post fixes without knowing to tag the patches for specific trees. I don't have historic data. In any case, we keep adjusting the criteria. The next PR will be smaller. Current release - regressions: - net: defer netdev KOBJ_ADD uevent until the device is published, previously rtnl_lock would serialize the accesses vs publishing - net: explicitly cancel work to avoid races with ref tracker exit - qrtr: ns: raise lookup limit to 128 - eth: hns3: fix speed configuration residue after driver reload Previous releases - regressions: - tcp: do not change rcv_ssthresh in tcp_measure_rcv_mss(), regressed flows with MSS and scaling_ratio variability - Revert "net: thunderbolt: Enable end-to-end flow control also in transmit", broke some platforms (no packets coming thru) - eth: stmmac: resume PHY before hardware setup when opening the interface Previous releases - always broken: - another pile of fixes for less common protocols (SCTP, TLS, SMC etc.) - close a couple of AF_PACKET bugs and ways it can build skbs problematic for the rest of the stack - bridge: mrp: fix uninitialised bytes on the wire - net: devmem: prevent net-iov / page mixing, avoid crashes - eth: atlantic: free RX pages of consumed but not refilled buffers" * tag 'net-7.2-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (116 commits) igc: fix netdev not re-attached after resume if interface is down tls: don't abort the connection on signal-interrupted sends net: avoid theoretical races with ref drain net: Defer netdev KOBJ_ADD uevent until the device is published MAINTAINERS: dpll: zl3073x: replace Prathosh Satish with Min Li sctp: clear control chunk transport if it is being removed net/atm: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in vcc_setsockopt() s390/ism: Fix UAF of sba and ieq during ism_dev_exit() packet: use consistent hard_header_len in TX_RING send path packet: use consistent hard_header_len in non-ring send paths net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header bnge: Fix resource leak in bnge_init_nic() error path ptp: ocp: Fix board ID over-read tls: rx: restore msg_iter before TLS 1.3 optimistic retry selftests: tls: add a test for splicing onto a full plaintext record tls: don't leave a full plaintext sk_msg ring unpushed xdp: reject clones that overrun skb_shared_info tailroom mptcp: reclaim forward-allocated memory on RX path errors mptcp: fastopen: only mark MPTFO subflows with SYN data mptcp: pm: fix memory leak from alloc-during-teardown race ...
2026-08-06packet: use consistent hard_header_len in non-ring send pathsQihang Tang
packet_snd() reads dev->hard_header_len multiple times while allocating and constructing an skb. Device reconfiguration can change this value concurrently, for example through bonding device type changes. For SOCK_RAW, packet_snd() can save a larger value in reserve and later allocate headroom using a smaller value. Moving skb->data back by reserve then places it before skb->head, and the following copy from userspace can attempt an out-of-bounds write. packet_sendmsg_spkt() has the same issue because it calculates its reservation and header offset from separate reads before dropping the RCU read lock to allocate the skb. Add LL_RESERVED_SPACE_EX() for callers that already saved a header length. Read hard_header_len once in packet_snd() and use it for allocation and construction. In packet_sendmsg_spkt(), preserve the allocation-time value through the device lookup retry. The separate SOCK_DGRAM consistency problem between hard_header_len and header_ops->create is not addressed here. Fixes: b84bbaf7a6c8 ("packet: in packet_snd start writing at link layer allocation") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Qihang Tang <q.h.hack.winter@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805125729.19220-3-q.h.hack.winter@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-08-06net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_headerQihang Tang
dev_validate_header() reads dev->hard_header_len directly when zero-padding short link layer headers for CAP_SYS_RAWIO holders: if (capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) { memset(ll_header + len, 0, dev->hard_header_len - len); return true; } Packet send paths call dev_validate_header() on skbs whose headroom was allocated from an earlier hard_header_len read. If the device is reconfigured so that dev->hard_header_len increases before validation, the memset writes past the reserved buffer, an out-of-bounds write. This out-of-bounds write is masked in some SOCK_RAW paths today because the same concurrent increase can first make skb_push() exceed the reserved headroom and trigger skb_under_panic(). Remove the zero-padding branch before making those hard_header_len reads consistent, so the snapshot fixes do not turn a loud panic into a silent overwrite. This path is only reached for variable length L2 protocols, where len < hard_header_len but len >= min_header_len. No remaining in-tree variable length L2 protocol implements header_ops->validate, and the CAP_SYS_RAWIO bypass that zero-pads and accepts short headers has no real value beyond allowing testing of intentionally malformed input. Drop the CAP_SYS_RAWIO branch. The remaining reads of dev->hard_header_len in dev_validate_header() are comparisons only and have no memory safety impact. Suggested-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Fixes: 2793a23aacbd ("net: validate variable length ll headers") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Qihang Tang <q.h.hack.winter@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805125729.19220-2-q.h.hack.winter@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-08-05dibs: initialise dibs->lock in dibs_dev_alloc()Hidayath Khan
dibs->lock is initialised by dibs_dev_add(), but a dibs device can already take interrupts before that call: ism_probe() runs ism_dev_init(), and hence request_irq(), before it calls dibs_dev_add(). No client can have registered a dmb at that point, so no dmb interrupt can occur, but a GID event interrupt can, and ism_handle_irq() takes dibs->lock unconditionally on entry, before it inspects anything else. Initialise the lock in dibs_dev_alloc() instead, so that it is valid as soon as a driver can publish the device to its interrupt handler. Fixes: cc21191b584c ("dibs: Move data path to dibs layer") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Alexandra Winter <wintera@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Hidayath Khan <hidayath@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730124227.167829-1-hidayath@linux.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-08-04mm/vmalloc: acquire init_mm lock on huge vmap to avoid ptdump UAFLorenzo Stoakes (ARM)
Patch series "mm: fix UAF caused by race between ptdump and vmap pgtable freeing", v6. Kernel page table walkers fall into two broad categories - those ranges where no exclusion is required via walk_kernel_page_table_range_lockless() and those where exclusion is required via walk_kernel_page_table_range() or walk_page_range_debug(). The former category is used only by arm64 arch code operating on ranges it both wholly owns and does not concurrently write. The latter category consists of kernel page table walkers operating on ranges that are wholly owned (but which need exclusion against concurrent writers). The lock used for exclusion is the mmap lock, and for kernel ranges this is the mmap lock on init_mm. ptdump is a special case being both the only user of walk_page_range_debug(), and the only case in which it walks ranges it does not own. This presents a problem, as page tables may be freed under ptdump. And indeed there is a use-after-free bug in the kernel as a result, which this series addresses. vmap promotes page tables to huge leaf entries where possible, freeing the lower page table when it does. It does this with no meaningful locks held against concurrent ptdump walks. As a result, use-after-free can currently occur. This series addresses the issue by having the vmap huge promotion logic acquire the mmap read lock while both setting the huge page table entry and freeing the prior leaf page table. The ptdump code already acquires the mmap write lock, so by doing so we ensure that the ptdump walker only ever observes either the huge page table entry or the existing page table entry, and nothing is freed underneath it. A mitigation for this issue was already applied for arm64 in commit fa93b45fd397 ("arm64: Enable vmalloc-huge with ptdump"), which this series has to deal with carefully. This mitigation resolves the issue by acquiring the mmap read lock on init_mm on vmap page table free if a ptdump is in progress. However the fix in this series would cause a deadlock if we were to simply apply it for arm64 without also reverting the change. This is because vmap may acquire the read lock before ptdump attempts to acquire the write lock, which then gets queued, and rwsem starvation rules mean that the (unacknowledged) nested mmap read lock in the arm64 code would also block, meaning the original read lock is never released and thus deadlock. This series works around this by #ifndef CONFIG_ARM64'ing the mmap read lock in vmap logic, then partially reverting commit fa93b45fd397 ("arm64: Enable vmalloc-huge with ptdump"), keeping the enablement of huge vmap support, and removing the ifdeffery with the partial revert patch. There are related issues that are also addressed in this series: * x86 page attribute logic, specifically Change Page Attributes (CPA), implements a feature whereby huge ranges can be collapsed into huge leaf entries. This can similarly cause a UAF when done in parallel with a ptdump walk, so similarly acquire the init_mm mmap lock to avoid this. * The CPA logic allows concurrent page table manipulation and CPA collapse, meaning the former risks accessing a page table the latter frees. Fix this by acquiring mmap write lock on init_mm across the whole CPA collapse operation and read lock on the page table manipulation. * x86 and arm64 permit walks of non-kernel mm's (both allowing efi mm walks, and in x86's case arbitrary mm's), so we ensure kernel mappings remain stable by locking the init_mm as well as the mm being walked. The ordering of patches is established for both strict dependencies (the arm64 partial revert in particular has to be done after the vmap changes) and logical ones (the non-kernel mm fix only makes sense once the vmap/CPA fixes are in place). This patch (of 3): Currently there is a nasty race between ptdump and vmap when attempting to map a huge P4D, PUD or PMD entry: * ptdump walks kernel page table ranges it doesn't own. * When vmap maps ranges it tries to promotes existing ones to huge page tables in vmap_try_huge_[p4d,pud,pmd]() at P4D, PUD and PMD level, freeing the lower page table in [p4d,pud,pmd]_free_[pud,pmd,pte]_page() when it succeeds. Both of these things can happen at the same time and as a result ptdump can access a freed page table, resulting in a use-after-free and memory corruption. This is possible because while ptdump_walk_pgd() holds both the mem hotplug lock and the mmap write lock before invoking walk_page_range_debug(), vmap takes no relevant locks at all. Fix this by holding the mmap read lock in vmap_try_huge_*() when freeing page tables. The read lock is sufficient: ptdump is the only walker that must be excluded and it holds the mmap write lock. Other holders of the read lock may run concurrently, but each exclusively owns the range it operates on and cannot reach the page tables freed here. We also hold the lock while assigning the huge page table entry, which means page table walkers observe only the huge or non-huge page table entry. We use a trylock to prevent ptdump from blocking vmap making forward progress. This is fine because it's an optimisation in any case, and thus the vmap can safely proceed regardless. All other kernel page table walkers that touch vmalloc ranges either exclusively own the memory walked or acquire the mmap lock, so this correctly excludes those walkers. One wrinkle here is commit fa93b45fd397 ("arm64: Enable vmalloc-huge with ptdump"), which addresses the issue for arm64 only by explicitly acquiring the mmap read lock on kernel page table freeing should a concurrent ptdump be in progress. This is problematic as vmap may acquire the mmap read lock prior to ptdump attempting to acquire an mmap write lock, leading to a deadlock when the mmap read lock is slept upon on page table freeing due to rwsem anti-starvation. We work around this by predicating the mmap lock being taken on !CONFIG_ARM64 for the time being. With this patch applied, a follow up will partially revert commit fa93b45fd397 ("arm64: Enable vmalloc-huge with ptdump") and at that stage remove the arm64 ifdeffery. We also update walk_page_range_debug() to assert the mmap write lock unconditionally and update the comment here to reflect this change. The issue has existed as long as ptdump was available and vmap freed page tables when promoting to a huge leaf entry, that is, since commit b6bdb7517c3d ("mm/vmalloc: add interfaces to free unmapped page table") for huge ioremap, and commit 121e6f3258fe ("mm/vmalloc: hugepage vmalloc mappings") for huge vmalloc. Since the former is the earlier of the two we choose that for our Fixes tag. We also define a guard class for mmap_read_trylock() so we can use cleanup.h to make the scope handling cleaner in the implementation. This patch is based on work by David Carlier (linked), with gratitude! Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260723-series-vmap-race-fix-v6-0-8cc77dcc0018@kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260723-series-vmap-race-fix-v6-1-8cc77dcc0018@kernel.org Fixes: b6bdb7517c3d ("mm/vmalloc: add interfaces to free unmapped page table") Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (ARM) <ljs@kernel.org> Reported-by: syzbot+fd95a72470f5a44e464c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/6a287988.39669fcc.33b062.00a0.GAE@google.com/T/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20260706203128.162335-1-devnexen@gmail.com/ Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: "Borah, Chaitanya Kumar" <chaitanya.kumar.borah@intel.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com> Cc: "Uladzislau Rezki (Sony)" <urezki@gmail.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: correctly account pre-opened interpretersChristian Brauner
An 'F' entry, and every interpreter a 'B' entry binds, holds a file open from registration until the entry goes away, pinning the file, its inode, the mount it came from and that mount's superblock. Nothing bounds how many of those a user namespace can hold. An entry binds at most BINFMT_MISC_INTERP_MAX interpreters, but nothing caps the entries. Charge each binding to the user namespace and uid that makes it against a new UCOUNT_BINFMT_MISC_INTERPRETERS. Going over budget causes -ENOSPC. A per-instance cap would suck. Instances are keyed on the user namespace. So any constant is multiplied by the number of namespaces the caller creates. Creating those is virtually free. A ucount charges the namespace and every one of its ancestors. And a namespace can raise only its own limit. So nesting buys nothing. The knob is /proc/sys/user/max_binfmt_misc_interpreters. Leave it at the max_threads/2 default fork_init() gives a new type. No existing configuration comes close to that. binfmt_misc is tristate, which makes it the first ucount user that can be built as a module. Export inc_ucount() and dec_ucount(); without them CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=m fails to link. Export them to binfmt_misc alone: charging a ucount type is not something a module has any business doing in general, and the list is trivial to extend if a second user shows up. init_user_ns and init_binfmt_misc are already exported for the same module. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260803-work-binfmt_misc-interplimit-v1-1-4a2435500bd9@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: let a 'B' entry bind its interpretersChristian Brauner
A 'B' entry's load program selects its interpreter by absolute path, which open_exec() resolves at exec time in the mount namespace of whoever runs the binary. The handler names an interpreter but does not get to say which file that is. Whoever controls the filesystem view of the exec decides that instead. Static entries settled this long ago with 'F'. The interpreter is opened at registration in the registrant's context and every exec runs a clone of that file. Give a 'B' entry the same, for as many interpreters as it needs. An entry registered with 'D' cannot be matched yet, so it still belongs to whoever is configuring it and can be given interpreters one write at a time: echo ':qemu:B::::qemu_user:D' > register echo '+aarch64 /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64' > qemu echo '+arm /usr/bin/qemu-arm' > qemu echo 1 > qemu Each path is opened by its write, with the credentials the entry file was opened with, by the same helper that opens an 'F' interpreter. The load program picks one per exec with bpf_binprm_select_interp() and the entry hands out a clone of it. Nothing is resolved again, in any namespace. The path is everything past the first space, so no interpreter has to fit in a register string. An entry binds at most a hundred interpreters (BINFMT_MISC_INTERP_MAX). Every binding pins a struct file that no file descriptor accounts for, so RLIMIT_NOFILE does not apply and some cap is needed. A hundred is plenty and raising it later is cheap, lowering it is not. Selection is by name so the register string and the program need not agree on an order, and so the handler is not tied to where a distribution puts its interpreters. A name is a single word of printable ASCII so the entry file can report 'name path' lines. The interpreter runs under the path it was registered under. The entry file reads user memory once. bm_entry_write() copies the write in and dispatches on the first byte, and parse_command() takes the copied buffer. The status file has no binding to spell, so it keeps its own small copy in read_command(). That moves the length cap ahead of the dispatch. A write to an entry file longer than a binding can be is now refused with -E2BIG, and one from a bad address reports -EFAULT, where the command parser used to report -EINVAL for anything past three bytes. Configurations of one instance are kept apart by the lock removal already takes. Reading the set out of the entry file takes no lock. Bindings are rcu-published and the open entry file pins the entry together with everything it bound, so a reader either sees a whole node or misses it. The interpreter is opened before the configuration lock because resolving the path may walk this very filesystem, and only after the command has been parsed and the name validated from the copied buffer, so a write that can never bind opens nothing and the errno reflects the actual failure. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730-work-binfmt_misc-preopen-v1-7-4a0b0da71f16@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03Merge tag 'sched_ext-for-7.2-rc6-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/sched_ext Pull sched_ext fixes from Tejun Heo: - More lifecycle fixes for the new sub-scheduler support: a failed enable could tear down a never-linked sub-scheduler in a way that races the root scheduler's disable and leads to a use-after-free, tasks that were not on the ext class could still get the enable callback, and a policy-rejection path silently rewrote a running task's scheduling policy instead of aborting the scheduler. - Scheduler enable/disable could deadlock with cgroup removal and a concurrent cgroup weight write through kernfs. Fixed by reordering lock acquisition. - Sync wakeups could leave the waker CPU incorrectly marked idle in the built-in idle-CPU tracking. - A selftest fix for sleeping tasks whose CPU affinity changes before wakeup. * tag 'sched_ext-for-7.2-rc6-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/sched_ext: selftests/sched_ext: Handle sleeping task affinity changes in numa test sched_ext: Mark waker CPU busy when selected in WAKE_SYNC case sched_ext: Don't enable non-ext tasks in the sub-sched task loops sched_ext: Skip sub-disable teardown for never-linked sub-schedulers sched_ext: Take cgroup_lock() first in scx_cgroup_lock() sched_ext: Reject setting disallow from init_task outside the enable path
2026-08-03Merge tag 'cgroup-for-7.2-rc6-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup Pull cgroup fixes from Tejun Heo: - A pressure trigger's poll timer could be re-armed while the last trigger was being torn down and then fire after the cgroup was freed. Tie the timer to the cgroup's lifetime and shut it down when the cgroup is freed. - Writing to a pressure file forked a worker kthread while holding the cgroup mutex, creating lock dependencies from the mutex to the whole fork path. A pressure write racing a sched_ext scheduler enable, which blocks forks before grabbing the mutex, deadlocked. Fork the worker with the mutex dropped. - Documentation fix for io.latency behavior on non-rotational devices. * tag 'cgroup-for-7.2-rc6-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: Docs/admin-guide/cgroup-v2: document io.latency rotational vs non-rotational behavior sched/psi: Shut down rtpoll_timer in psi_cgroup_free() sched/psi: Create the psimon kthread outside of cgroup_mutex
2026-08-03usb: core: Add quirk for 255-bytes initial config readNikhil Solanke
Certain third-party USB game controllers exposing (or spoofing) an Xbox 360-compatible interface (VID:PID 045e:028e) fail to enumerate under Linux. The device disconnects from the bus without responding to the initial GET_DESCRIPTOR(CONFIGURATION) request, and the kernel logs 'unable to read config index 0 descriptor/start: -71'. The device then falls back to a secondary Android HID mode (with a different VID:PID), losing XInput functionality including rumble support. The failure reproduces across multiple machines, host controller types, and kernel versions including current mainline and LTS. The device enumerates correctly and remains in XInput mode under Windows. Notably, the device enumerates correctly in Android mode when the same 9-byte request is issued for that mode's configuration descriptor, confirming the firmware bug is specific to the XInput mode. usbmon traces from Linux and Wireshark/USBPcap traces from Windows are identical up to the point of failure, with no visible protocol-level difference explaining the divergence. The root cause was identified when Michal Pecio discovered via a QEMU bus-level capture that Windows does not use wLength=9 for the initial config descriptor request; it uses wLength=255. Alan Stern subsequently confirmed this with a bus analyzer on a different USB 2.0 device, and Michal verified the behavior goes back to Windows 95 OSR2.1. So, add a new quirk flag USB_QUIRK_WINDOWS_CONFIG_REQ_SIZE which causes usb_get_configuration() to issue a 255 byte sized configuration request instead of USB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE (9) for the initial GET_DESCRIPTOR(CONFIGURATION) request, mimicking long-standing Windows behavior. This patch intentionally does not add any new VID:PID entries using this quirk. Some affected Xbox 360-compatible controllers spoof Microsoft's VID:PID, while genuine Microsoft controllers already enumerate correctly and do not require this quirk. Other affected clone devices use their own VID:PID pairs and can be added individually as they are identified. Suggested-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu> Suggested-by: Michal Pecio <michal.pecio@gmail.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-usb/CAFgddh+JWdT4LLwMc5qjM8q_pBu-fRo2qADR5ovAKoGHWMQrRw@mail.gmail.com/ Fixes: 1da177e4c3f4 ("Linux-2.6.12-rc2") Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org> Acked-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu> Signed-off-by: Nikhil Solanke <nikhilsolanke5@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260728195158.65162-2-nikhilsolanke5@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: let a bpf handler request loader substitutionChristian Brauner
Give bpf handlers the per-exec equivalent of the static 'L' flag. A load program that sets BPF_BINPRM_LOADER has its selected interpreter substituted for the binary's PT_INTERP instead of run with the binary as payload. The binary otherwise executes as a fully native exec. A single handler can now grade its dispatch per binary: native-arch ELF with PT_INTERP gets loader substitution for full native identity. Anything else, such as foreign arch, static, non-ELF can use transparent or classic dispatch. The load program can read the binary's ELF header from bprm->buf to make that call. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-ptinterp-v2-19-e57866e4ae0f@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03exec: carry a PT_INTERP substitute in struct linux_binprmChristian Brauner
binfmt_misc currently supports an execution model where the registered interpreter becomes the executed program and the matched binary is handed to it as payload. The upcoming binfmt_misc loader mode inverts this. The matched binary remains the executed program and the registered interpreter is substituted into the role the binary's PT_INTERP would have played. Add the channel for that hand-over. bprm->loader carries an open_exec-style struct file reference from the binfmt_misc match to the binary format that consumes it. Unlike bprm->interpreter it does not request a restart of the format search. The stashing handler declines the exec with -ENOEXEC and the search continues to the real format in the same round. Both ELF loaders consume it, so give them the two helpers to do it with rather than a copy each. bprm_open_interpreter() hands out the substitute in place of what PT_INTERP names and bprm_drop_loader() releases one that turned out not to apply. Establish the complete lifecycle up front so a stashed loader can neither leak nor be silently ignored. - Chain restart: if another format wins the round by staging bprm->interpreter (binfmt_script) the stashed loader belonged to the file being replaced. Drop it at the top of the swap block in exec_binprm(). - Unclaimed or error: free_bprm() releases a still-stashed loader next to the other bprm file references. - Silent non-substitution: a final format that reaches begin_new_exec() with a pending loader would run the binary while ignoring the override. Refuse with -ENOEXEC before the point of no return. Formats that do not know about the override (binfmt_flat, out-of-tree) need no changes. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-ptinterp-v2-15-e57866e4ae0f@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: let a bpf handler run the interpreter transparentlyChristian Brauner
Expose transparent mode 'T' to the bpf handler via a new BPF_BINPRM_TRANSPARENT flag. A bpf handler can decide per binary whether the dispatch is transparent. This way users may choose a native-looking loader for one binary and a visible wrapper invocation for the next. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-ptinterp-v2-12-e57866e4ae0f@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03exec: add AT_FLAGS_TRANSPARENT_INTERPChristian Brauner
A transparent binfmt_misc dispatch hands the binary to the interpreter through AT_EXECFD and leaves the argument vector exactly as the caller built it. The loader on the receiving end has to know which contract it got. On the classic 'O'/'C' entries the binary's path is spliced into the argument vector and the loader consumes arguments. In transparent mode nothing was spliced and argv belongs entirely to the program. This cannot be inferred from AT_EXECFD alone. Raise a new AT_FLAGS bit following the AT_FLAGS_PRESERVE_ARGV0 precedent added for qemu-user in commit 2347961b11d4 ("binfmt_misc: pass binfmt_misc flags to the interpreter"). The bit also announces that mm->exe_file names the binary rather than the interpreter (added in the next commit). A loader that sees the bit may finish the identity polish by fixing up AT_PHDR/AT_ENTRY/AT_BASE in saved_auxv and fix the code/data markers via one uncapped PR_SET_MM_MAP once it has mapped the binary. I've got glibc patches for this as well but it's useful for any loader. BINPRM_FLAGS_TRANSPARENT_INTERP carries the mode from binfmt_misc to the ELF loaders. Both had their own copy of the AT_FLAGS translation, so give them one bprm_at_flags() to share instead of a second copy that can drift. Nothing sets the bprm flag yet. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-ptinterp-v2-8-e57866e4ae0f@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: add binfmt_misc_ops bpf struct_opsChristian Brauner
Add the bpf plumbing for binary type handlers whose matching and interpreter selection are implemented by bpf programs instead of a fixed magic/extension and a fixed interpreter string recorded at registration time. This serves relocatable binary formats where the interpreter must be computed per binary, e.g. relative to the location of the binary itself, as discussed for hermetic Nix-style executables. A handler is an instance of the new binfmt_misc_ops struct_ops with a name that binfmt_misc entries reference it by and two ops: bool (*match)(struct linux_binprm *bprm); int (*load)(struct linux_binprm *bprm); struct_ops is the sanctioned mechanism for this kind of user-supplied policy callback: program types, attach types, and the uapi helper list are frozen, and every recently added subsystem hook (bpf qdisc, SMC handshake control, io_uring loop ops, sched_ext) is a struct_ops user. The ops receive the bprm as a trusted BTF pointer, so a program can match on the header in bprm->buf, read arbitrary file content via bpf_dynptr_from_file() to parse e.g. ELF program headers, and inspect the binary's location. No dedicated program type, ctx blob, or uapi helper is needed. The two ops split along what they decide, not what they may do: the match program decides whether the handler applies to a binary, the load program decides how a matched binary is run. Both are required to be sleepable. Matching cannot be limited to the prefetched 256 bytes in bprm->buf: deciding whether a handler applies takes e.g. parsing the ELF program headers to find an interpreter segment, which sits at an arbitrary file offset, and non-sleepable file reads are limited to whatever happens to be resident in the page cache. A match program that cannot read the file reliably would have to match broadly and leave the rejection to its load program, which breaks first-match-wins entry semantics the moment more than one handler is registered. Reliable file reads at exec time fault in the file's pages, so both ops must be able to sleep. This also constrains the caller: binfmt_misc must invoke both from sleepable context, which a later patch takes care of. Both ops are required; a handler that wants to decide everything from the load program supplies a match program that just returns true. The load program communicates its decisions through three new kfuncs: int bpf_binprm_set_interp(struct linux_binprm *bprm, const char *path, size_t path__sz); selects the interpreter and enforces an absolute path shorter than PATH_MAX. int bpf_binprm_set_interp_arg(struct linux_binprm *bprm, const char *arg, size_t arg__sz); passes a single optional argument to the interpreter, mirroring the optional argument of a #! interpreter line - something a static entry cannot express at all. int bpf_binprm_set_flags(struct linux_binprm *bprm, enum bpf_binprm_flags flags); chooses the invocation flags for this exec, with BPF_BINPRM_PRESERVE_ARGV0, BPF_BINPRM_CREDENTIALS and BPF_BINPRM_EXECFD mapping to 'P', 'C' and 'O'. Unknown bits are rejected so a program built against a newer kernel fails loudly on an older one rather than silently losing a flag. Repeated calls replace the staged flags and a zero argument clears them again - the set-or-clear semantics of bpf_bprm_opts_set() on the same struct. A flags word carries this better than a kfunc per flag: it is one call, it is set atomically, and new behaviour is a new bit rather than new surface - the same shape the register string's flags field already has. All three stage their result in the bprm; consuming it from load_misc_binary() is wired up by the following patches. The bprm is exclusively owned by the task doing the exec, so no shared or per-CPU state is involved and nothing here can race. The kfuncs are registered for struct_ops programs with a filter that limits them to the load program of a binfmt_misc_ops instance, keyed off the struct_ops member offset the program attaches to: match decides whether a handler applies, load decides how the binary is run, and the verifier enforces that split at program load time. Registering an ops instance (updating the struct_ops map or attaching its link) publishes the handler under its name in a registry keyed by the registering task's user namespace. Lookups do not walk that hierarchy: a handler is only visible in the user namespace it was registered in, so an entry can only reference a handler registered in the same user namespace as its binfmt_misc instance. Consumers take a reference on the ops via bpf_struct_ops_get() which pins the underlying map and programs, so an activated handler keeps working even if the map is deleted or the registering container goes away; deregistration only prevents new activations, exactly like unregistering a tcp congestion ops with live users. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260704211409.1978485-1-farid.m.zakaria@gmail.com Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260714-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-v2-2-57b7529c002c@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03exec: stash bpf-selected interpreter state in struct linux_binprmChristian Brauner
The upcoming bpf-backed binfmt_misc handlers decide how a binary is run programmatically at exec time: the interpreter itself, an optional single argument to pass to it, and the invocation flags that a static binfmt_misc entry fixes at registration time. The selection runs before load_misc_binary() has copied the binary path from bprm->interp into the argument vector, so the selecting program cannot go through bprm_change_interp() directly without clobbering argv[1]. Stage the selected state in the bprm instead, grouped in struct binfmt_misc_bpf and embedded anonymously in struct linux_binprm so the bprm->bpf_* accesses stay direct. The bprm is exclusively owned by the task doing the exec so no synchronization is needed. The consumers free and clear the fields once the exec attempt that set them is finished; free_bprm() covers all error paths. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260714-work-bpf-binfmt_misc-v2-1-57b7529c002c@kernel.org Reviewed-by: Farid Zakaria <farid.m.zakaria@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: use RCU for the handler lookupChristian Brauner
Once binfmt_misc is loaded load_misc_binary() runs for every execve() on the system since binfmt_misc registers at the head of the formats list. Every exec therefore performs read_lock() and read_unlock() on the entries_lock of the relevant binfmt_misc instance, i.e., two atomic read-modify-writes on a shared cacheline. User namespaces without their own binfmt_misc mount fall back to an ancestor's instance so on container-heavy systems every exec on the machine typically ends up hammering the cacheline of init_binfmt_misc. On PREEMPT_RT the rwlock additionally turns the handler lookup into a sleeping lock on the exec fast path. The lock protects very little. Entries are immutable after publication except for the Enabled bit which is already toggled locklessly via set_bit()/clear_bit() and entry lifetime is already handled by the users refcount via get_binfmt_handler()/put_binfmt_handler(). The read lock's only remaining job is to make "the entry is still linked" and "take a reference" atomic with respect to the unlink sites. Switch the lookup to an RCU walk: * Lookup walks the entry list under rcu_read_lock() and acquires a reference via refcount_inc_not_zero(). The refcount can only drop to zero after an entry has been unlinked so a failed increment means the walk raced with an unlink. Restarting the search is bounded because an unlinked entry cannot be found again. * The unlink sites use hlist_del_init_rcu() which keeps the forward pointer intact for concurrent walkers and preserves hlist_unhashed() as the protection against double removal. * The final put frees the entry via kfree_rcu() as a concurrent walker may still dereference its flags, magic, mask, and inline strings. They all live in the entry allocation itself and thus stay valid until a grace period has elapsed. Closing the interpreter file stays synchronous. It is only used with a reference already held and all final puts run in process context. * Writers remain serialized by the inode lock of the root dentry with one exception. bm_evict_inode() called from generic_shutdown_super() during umount unlinks entries without holding it. Keep a spinlock around the unlink sites instead of relying on superblock lifetime rules to make that exclusion implicit. Handler removal semantics are unchanged. An exec that acquired a reference just before its handler was unregistered already completes with the removed handler today. The read lock never protected against that, it only made the window smaller. With this an exec that matches no binfmt_misc entry, the common case, no longer writes to any shared cacheline at all. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260710-work-binfmt_misc-locking-v3-5-a162f7cb58d6@kernel.org Reviewed-by: Jori Koolstra <jkoolstra@xs4all.nl> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-03binfmt_misc: convert entry list to an hlistChristian Brauner
The upcoming conversion of the handler lookup to RCU walks cannot use list_del_init(): reinitializing the forward pointer of a removed entry would make a concurrent lockless walker standing on that entry loop back onto it indefinitely. The removal paths do rely on reinitialization though because bm_{entry,status}_write() and bm_evict_inode() need to detect whether an entry has already been unlinked. hlists support exactly this pattern: hlist_del_init_rcu() keeps the forward pointer of the removed entry intact for concurrent walkers and only zeroes ->pprev with hlist_unhashed() serving as the linked test. Convert the entry list to an hlist now while keeping the rwlock so the subsequent RCU conversion is a pure locking change. hlist_add_head() inserts at the head just as list_add() did so lookup precedence between registered handlers is unchanged. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260710-work-binfmt_misc-locking-v3-4-a162f7cb58d6@kernel.org Reviewed-by: Jori Koolstra <jkoolstra@xs4all.nl> Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Amutable) <brauner@kernel.org>
2026-08-02fixp-arith: convert comments to kernel-doc formatRandy Dunlap
Insert a hyphen ('-') in 2 places to prevent kernel-doc warnings: Warning: include/linux/fixp-arith.h:42 This comment starts with '/**', but isn't a kernel-doc comment. * __fixp_sin32() returns the sin of an angle in degrees Warning: include/linux/fixp-arith.h:66 This comment starts with '/**', but isn't a kernel-doc comment. * fixp_sin32() returns the sin of an angle in degrees Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260731050625.455556-1-rdunlap@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
2026-08-02Merge tag 'vfs-7.2-rc6.fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs Pull vfs fixes from Christian Brauner: "binfmt_misc: - Don't let an 'F' entry pin its own instance. An entry registered with 'F' opens its interpreter at registration time and holds that file until the entry is freed, so an entry nobody removes by hand is only closed once the binfmt_misc superblock is shut down. If the interpreter lives on a mount that keeps that superblock alive the two pin each other and the file is never closed. That's reachable by pointing the interpreter at the instance itself or by using the instance as an overlayfs lower layer, and once the mount namespace is gone there's nothing left to unregister through either. - Restore write access when removing an entry. Registering with the MISC_FMT_OPEN_FILE flag opens the interpreter via open_exec() which denies write access for as long as the entry exists, but removal only did filp_close() and never restored it. The inode's i_writecount stayed permanently negative and opening the interpreter for writing kept failing with ETXTBSY long after the entry was gone. - Use exe_file_deny_write_access() for the interpreter clone so both sides base their decision on the same mode. - Reject a flag character as the field delimiter. create_entry() pads the buffer with the delimiter so the field parsers terminate even on a truncated string, but check_special_flags() consumes flag characters instead of scanning for the delimiter. If the delimiter is itself a flag character the padding stops acting as a terminator and the scan keeps reading past the end of the allocation. Such a registration was always rejected, just only after the out of bounds read has already happened. - Don't leak the user namespace when the mount fails. bm_get_tree() hands its reference to get_tree_keyed() and sget_fc() moves it into sb->s_fs_info, but generic_shutdown_super() only calls ->put_super() from inside the if (sb->s_root) branch and bm_fill_super() can fail before either s_root or s_op is in place. Drop the reference in ->kill_sb() instead, which runs unconditionally. netfs: - Clear PG_private_2 on a copy-to-cache append failure. - Handle a rolling buffer allocation failure in single-object writeback and drop the extra folio reference netfs_write_folio_single() took before the append. - Release the previously batched readahead folios when rolling_buffer_load_from_ra() fails in netfs_prepare_read_iterator() - Fix the folio_queue ENOMEM in writeback by adding a mempool and passing gfp flags into the rolling buffer helpers. iomap: - Add a separate bio_set for iomap_split_ioend(). It can split bios that already come from iomap_ioend_bioset and deadlock once that bioset is exhausted. afs: - Set call->async for an asynchronous afs_fs_fetch_data() the way afs_fs_fetch_data64() already does. - Subtract subreq->transferred from subreq->len in afs_fs_fetch_data() rather than adding it. - Fix a UAF when sending a message" * tag 'vfs-7.2-rc6.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: iomap: add a separate bio_set for iomap_split_ioend binfmt_misc: don't leak the user namespace when the mount fails binfmt_misc: reject a flag character as the field delimiter binfmt_misc: use exe_file_deny_write_access() for the interpreter clone binfmt_misc: restore write access when removing an entry binfmt_misc: don't let an 'F' entry pin its own instance netfs: Fix folio_queue ENOMEM in writeback by adding a mempool netfs: release readahead folios on iterator preparation failure netfs: handle single writeback rolling buffer allocation failure netfs: clear PG_private_2 on copy-to-cache append failure afs: Fix UAF when sending a message afs: Fix afs_fs_fetch_data() to subtract transferred from len afs: Fix afs_fs_fetch_data() to set call->async