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2026-04-05mm: change the interface of prep_compound_tail()Kiryl Shutsemau
Instead of passing down the head page and tail page index, pass the tail and head pages directly, as well as the order of the compound page. This is a preparation for changing how the head position is encoded in the tail page. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260227194302.274384-3-kas@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@gentwo.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Frank van der Linden <fvdl@google.com> Cc: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com> Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: move MAX_FOLIO_ORDER definition to mmzone.hKiryl Shutsemau
Patch series "mm: Eliminate fake head pages from vmemmap optimization", v7. This series removes "fake head pages" from the HugeTLB vmemmap optimization (HVO) by changing how tail pages encode their relationship to the head page. It simplifies compound_head() and page_ref_add_unless(). Both are in the hot path. Background ========== HVO reduces memory overhead by freeing vmemmap pages for HugeTLB pages and remapping the freed virtual addresses to a single physical page. Previously, all tail page vmemmap entries were remapped to the first vmemmap page (containing the head struct page), creating "fake heads" - tail pages that appear to have PG_head set when accessed through the deduplicated vmemmap. This required special handling in compound_head() to detect and work around fake heads, adding complexity and overhead to a very hot path. New Approach ============ For architectures/configs where sizeof(struct page) is a power of 2 (the common case), this series changes how position of the head page is encoded in the tail pages. Instead of storing a pointer to the head page, the ->compound_info (renamed from ->compound_head) now stores a mask. The mask can be applied to any tail page's virtual address to compute the head page address. Critically, all tail pages of the same order now have identical compound_info values, regardless of which compound page they belong to. The key insight is that all tail pages of the same order now have identical compound_info values, regardless of which compound page they belong to. In v7, these shared tail pages are allocated per-zone. This ensures that zone information (stored in page->flags) is correct even for shared tail pages, removing the need for the special-casing in page_zonenum() proposed in earlier versions. To support per-zone shared pages for boot-allocated gigantic pages, the vmemmap population is deferred until zones are initialized. This simplifies the logic significantly and allows the removal of vmemmap_undo_hvo(). Benefits ======== 1. Simplified compound_head(): No fake head detection needed, can be implemented in a branchless manner. 2. Simplified page_ref_add_unless(): RCU protection removed since there's no race with fake head remapping. 3. Cleaner architecture: The shared tail pages are truly read-only and contain valid tail page metadata. If sizeof(struct page) is not power-of-2, there are no functional changes. HVO is not supported in this configuration. I had hoped to see performance improvement, but my testing thus far has shown either no change or only a slight improvement within the noise. Series Organization =================== Patch 1: Move MAX_FOLIO_ORDER definition to mmzone.h. Patches 2-4: Refactoring of field names and interfaces. Patches 5-6: Architecture alignment for LoongArch and RISC-V. Patch 7: Mask-based compound_head() implementation. Patch 8: Add memmap alignment checks. Patch 9: Branchless compound_head() optimization. Patch 10: Defer vmemmap population for bootmem hugepages. Patch 11: Refactor vmemmap_walk. Patch 12: x86 vDSO build fix. Patch 13: Eliminate fake heads with per-zone shared tail pages. Patches 14-16: Cleanup of fake head infrastructure. Patch 17: Documentation update. Patch 18: Use compound_head() in page_slab(). This patch (of 17): Move MAX_FOLIO_ORDER definition from mm.h to mmzone.h. This is preparation for adding the vmemmap_tails array to struct zone, which requires MAX_FOLIO_ORDER to be available in mmzone.h. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260227194302.274384-1-kas@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260227194302.274384-2-kas@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Acked-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Acked-by: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@gentwo.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Frank van der Linden <fvdl@google.com> Cc: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo@oracle.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05folio_batch: rename PAGEVEC_SIZE to FOLIO_BATCH_SIZETal Zussman
struct pagevec no longer exists. Rename the macro appropriately. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225-pagevec_cleanup-v2-4-716868cc2d11@columbia.edu Signed-off-by: Tal Zussman <tz2294@columbia.edu> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05folio_batch: rename pagevec.h to folio_batch.hTal Zussman
struct pagevec was removed in commit 1e0877d58b1e ("mm: remove struct pagevec"). Rename include/linux/pagevec.h to reflect reality and update includes tree-wide. Add the new filename to MAINTAINERS explicitly, as it no longer matches the "include/linux/page[-_]*" pattern in MEMORY MANAGEMENT - CORE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225-pagevec_cleanup-v2-3-716868cc2d11@columbia.edu Signed-off-by: Tal Zussman <tz2294@columbia.edu> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: remove stray references to struct pagevecTal Zussman
Patch series "mm: Remove stray references to pagevec", v2. struct pagevec was removed in commit 1e0877d58b1e ("mm: remove struct pagevec"). Remove any stray references to it and rename relevant files and macros accordingly. While at it, remove unnecessary #includes of pagevec.h (now folio_batch.h) in .c files. There are probably more of these that could be removed in .h files, but those are more complex to verify. This patch (of 4): struct pagevec was removed in commit 1e0877d58b1e ("mm: remove struct pagevec"). Remove remaining forward declarations and change __folio_batch_release()'s declaration to match its definition. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225-pagevec_cleanup-v2-0-716868cc2d11@columbia.edu Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225-pagevec_cleanup-v2-1-716868cc2d11@columbia.edu Signed-off-by: Tal Zussman <tz2294@columbia.edu> Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Acked-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: introduce vm_mmap_shadow_stack() as a helper for VM_SHADOW_STACK mappingsCatalin Marinas
Patch series "mm: arch/shstk: Common shadow stack mapping helper and VM_NOHUGEPAGE", v2. A series to extract the common shadow stack mmap into a separate helper for arm64, riscv and x86. This patch (of 5): arm64, riscv and x86 use a similar pattern for mapping the user shadow stack (cloned from x86). Extract this into a helper to facilitate code reuse. The call to do_mmap() from the new helper uses PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE prot bits instead of the PROT_READ with an explicit VM_WRITE vm_flag. The x86 intent was to avoid PROT_WRITE implying normal write since the shadow stack is not writable by normal stores. However, from a kernel perspective, the vma is writeable. Functionally there is no difference. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225161404.3157851-1-catalin.marinas@arm.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225161404.3157851-2-catalin.marinas@arm.com Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Tested-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Reviewed-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: "Edgecombe, Rick P" <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: memcontrol: switch to native NR_VMALLOC vmstat counterJohannes Weiner
Eliminates the custom memcg counter and results in a single, consolidated accounting call in vmalloc code. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260223160147.3792777-2-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: vmalloc: streamline vmalloc memory accountingJohannes Weiner
Use a vmstat counter instead of a custom, open-coded atomic. This has the added benefit of making the data available per-node, and prepares for cleaning up the memcg accounting as well. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260223160147.3792777-1-hannes@cmpxchg.org Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05kho: adopt radix tree for preserved memory trackingJason Miu
Patch series "Make KHO Stateless", v9. This series transitions KHO from an xarray-based metadata tracking system with serialization to a radix tree data structure that can be passed directly to the next kernel. The key motivations for this change are to: - Eliminate the need for data serialization before kexec. - Remove the KHO finalize state. - Pass preservation metadata more directly to the next kernel via the FDT. The new approach uses a radix tree to mark preserved pages. A page's physical address and its order are encoded into a single value. The tree is composed of multiple levels of page-sized tables, with leaf nodes being bitmaps where each set bit represents a preserved page. The physical address of the radix tree's root is passed in the FDT, allowing the next kernel to reconstruct the preserved memory map. This series is broken down into the following patches: 1. kho: Adopt radix tree for preserved memory tracking: Replaces the xarray-based tracker with the new radix tree implementation and increments the ABI version. 2. kho: Remove finalize state and clients: Removes the now-obsolete kho_finalize() function and its usage from client code and debugfs. This patch (of 2): Introduce a radix tree implementation for tracking preserved memory pages and switch the KHO memory tracking mechanism to use it. This lays the groundwork for a stateless KHO implementation that eliminates the need for serialization and the associated "finalize" state. This patch introduces the core radix tree data structures and constants to the KHO ABI. It adds the radix tree node and leaf structures, along with documentation for the radix tree key encoding scheme that combines a page's physical address and order. To support broader use by other kernel subsystems, such as hugetlb preservation, the core radix tree manipulation functions are exported as a public API. The xarray-based memory tracking is replaced with this new radix tree implementation. The core KHO preservation and unpreservation functions are wired up to use the radix tree helpers. On boot, the second kernel restores the preserved memory map by walking the radix tree whose root physical address is passed via the FDT. The ABI `compatible` version is bumped to "kho-v2" to reflect the structural changes in the preserved memory map and sub-FDT property names. This includes renaming "fdt" to "preserved-data" to better reflect that preserved state may use formats other than FDT. [ran.xiaokai@zte.com.cn: fix child node parsing for debugfs in/sub_fdts] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260309033530.244508-1-ranxiaokai627@163.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260206021428.3386442-1-jasonmiu@google.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260206021428.3386442-2-jasonmiu@google.com Signed-off-by: Jason Miu <jasonmiu@google.com> Signed-off-by: Ran Xiaokai <ran.xiaokai@zte.com.cn> Reviewed-by: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Changyuan Lyu <changyuanl@google.com> Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Cc: Pratyush Yadav <pratyush@kernel.org> Cc: Ran Xiaokai <ran.xiaokai@zte.com.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: add folio_test_lazyfree helperVernon Yang
Add folio_test_lazyfree() function to identify lazy-free folios to improve code readability. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260221093918.1456187-4-vernon2gm@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Vernon Yang <yanglincheng@kylinos.cn> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Red Hat) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com> Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: cache struct page for empty_zero_page and return it from ZERO_PAGE()Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)
For most architectures every invocation of ZERO_PAGE() does virt_to_page(empty_zero_page). But empty_zero_page is in BSS and it is enough to get its struct page once at initialization time and then use it whenever a zero page should be accessed. Add yet another __zero_page variable that will be initialized as virt_to_page(empty_zero_page) for most architectures in a weak arch_setup_zero_pages() function. For architectures that use colored zero pages (MIPS and s390) rename their setup_zero_pages() to arch_setup_zero_pages() and make it global rather than static. For architectures that cannot use virt_to_page() for BSS (arm64 and sparc64) add override of arch_setup_zero_pages(). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-5-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05arch, mm: consolidate empty_zero_pageMike Rapoport (Microsoft)
Reduce 22 declarations of empty_zero_page to 3 and 23 declarations of ZERO_PAGE() to 4. Every architecture defines empty_zero_page that way or another, but for the most of them it is always a page aligned page in BSS and most definitions of ZERO_PAGE do virt_to_page(empty_zero_page). Move Linus vetted x86 definition of empty_zero_page and ZERO_PAGE() to the core MM and drop these definitions in architectures that do not implement colored zero page (MIPS and s390). ZERO_PAGE() remains a macro because turning it to a wrapper for a static inline causes severe pain in header dependencies. For the most part the change is mechanical, with these being noteworthy: * alpha: aliased empty_zero_page with ZERO_PGE that was also used for boot parameters. Switching to a generic empty_zero_page removes the aliasing and keeps ZERO_PGE for boot parameters only * arm64: uses __pa_symbol() in ZERO_PAGE() so that definition of ZERO_PAGE() is kept intact. * m68k/parisc/um: allocated empty_zero_page from memblock, although they do not support zero page coloring and having it in BSS will work fine. * sparc64 can have empty_zero_page in BSS rather allocate it, but it can't use virt_to_page() for BSS. Keep it's definition of ZERO_PAGE() but instead of allocating it, make mem_map_zero point to empty_zero_page. * sh: used empty_zero_page for boot parameters at the very early boot. Rename the parameters page to boot_params_page and let sh use the generic empty_zero_page. * hexagon: had an amusing comment about empty_zero_page /* A handy thing to have if one has the RAM. Declared in head.S */ that unfortunately had to go :) Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-4-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Acked-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> [parisc] Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> [parisc] Reviewed-by: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> [alpha] Acked-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> [nios2] Acked-by: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com> [sparc] Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: rename my_zero_pfn() to zero_pfn()Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)
my_zero_pfn() is a silly name. Rename zero_pfn variable to zero_page_pfn and my_zero_pfn() function to zero_pfn(). While on it, move extern declarations of zero_page_pfn outside the functions that use it and add a comment about what ZERO_PAGE is. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-3-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: don't special case !MMU for is_zero_pfn() and my_zero_pfn()Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)
Patch series "arch, mm: consolidate empty_zero_page", v3. These patches cleanup handling of ZERO_PAGE() and zero_pfn. This patch (of 4): nommu architectures have empty_zero_page and define ZERO_PAGE() and although they don't really use it to populate page tables, there is no reason to hardwire !MMU implementation of is_zero_pfn() and my_zero_pfn() to 0. Drop #ifdef CONFIG_MMU around implementations of is_zero_pfn() and my_zero_pfn() and remove !MMU version. While on it, make zero_pfn __ro_after_init. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-1-rppt@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211103141.3215197-2-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Acked-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Magnus Lindholm <linmag7@gmail.com> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: name the anonymous MMOP enum as enum mmopGregory Price
Give the MMOP enum (MMOP_OFFLINE, MMOP_ONLINE, etc) a proper type name so the compiler can help catch invalid values being assigned to variables of this type. Leave the existing functions returning int alone to allow for value-or-error pattern to remain unchanged without churn. mmop_default_online_type is left as int because it uses the -1 sentinal value to signal it hasn't been initialized yet. Keep the uint8_t buffer in offline_and_remove_memory() as-is for space efficiency, with an explicit cast when we consume the value. Move the enum definition before the CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG guard so it is unconditionally available for struct memory_block in memory.h. No functional change. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/3424eba7-523b-4351-abd0-3a888a3e5e61@kernel.org/ Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260211215447.2194189-1-gourry@gourry.net Signed-off-by: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Suggested-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Suggested-by: "David Hildenbrand (arm)" <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Ben Cheatham <benjamin.cheatham@amd.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Cc: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: zswap: add per-memcg stat for incompressible pagesJiayuan Chen
Patch series "mm: zswap: add per-memcg stat for incompressible pages", v3. In containerized environments, knowing which cgroup is contributing incompressible pages to zswap is essential for effective resource management. This series adds a new per-memcg stat 'zswap_incomp' to track incompressible pages, along with a selftest. This patch (of 2): The global zswap_stored_incompressible_pages counter was added in commit dca4437a5861 ("mm/zswap: store <PAGE_SIZE compression failed page as-is") to track how many pages are stored in raw (uncompressed) form in zswap. However, in containerized environments, knowing which cgroup is contributing incompressible pages is essential for effective resource management [1]. Add a new memcg stat 'zswap_incomp' to track incompressible pages per cgroup. This helps administrators and orchestrators to: 1. Identify workloads that produce incompressible data (e.g., encrypted data, already-compressed media, random data) and may not benefit from zswap. 2. Make informed decisions about workload placement - moving incompressible workloads to nodes with larger swap backing devices rather than relying on zswap. 3. Debug zswap efficiency issues at the cgroup level without needing to correlate global stats with individual cgroups. While the compression ratio can be estimated from existing stats (zswap / zswapped * PAGE_SIZE), this doesn't distinguish between "uniformly poor compression" and "a few completely incompressible pages mixed with highly compressible ones". The zswap_incomp stat provides direct visibility into the latter case. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260213071827.5688-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260213071827.5688-2-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAF8kJuONDFj4NAksaR4j_WyDbNwNGYLmTe-o76rqU17La=nkOw@mail.gmail.com/ [1] Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@shopee.com> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm/damon: remove unused target param of get_scheme_score()Asier Gutierrez
damon_target is not used by get_scheme_score operations, nor with virtual neither with physical addresses. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260213145032.1740407-1-gutierrez.asier@huawei-partners.com Signed-off-by: Asier Gutierrez <gutierrez.asier@huawei-partners.com> Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com> Cc: Quanmin Yan <yanquanmin1@huawei.com> Cc: ze zuo <zuoze1@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: memfd_luo: preserve file sealsPratyush Yadav (Google)
File seals are used on memfd for making shared memory communication with untrusted peers safer and simpler. Seals provide a guarantee that certain operations won't be allowed on the file such as writes or truncations. Maintaining these guarantees across a live update will help keeping such use cases secure. These guarantees will also be needed for IOMMUFD preservation with LUO. Normally when IOMMUFD maps a memfd, it pins all its pages to make sure any truncation operations on the memfd don't lead to IOMMUFD using freed memory. This doesn't work with LUO since the preserved memfd might have completely different pages after a live update, and mapping them back to the IOMMUFD will cause all sorts of problems. Using and preserving the seals allows IOMMUFD preservation logic to trust the memfd. Since the uABI defines seals as an int, preserve them by introducing a new u32 field. There are currently only 6 possible seals, so the extra bits are unused and provide room for future expansion. Since the seals are uABI, it is safe to use them directly in the ABI. While at it, also add a u32 flags field. It makes sure the struct is nicely aligned, and can be used later to support things like MFD_CLOEXEC. Since the serialization structure is changed, bump the version number to "memfd-v2". It is important to note that the memfd-v2 version only supports seals that existed when this version was defined. This set is defined by MEMFD_LUO_ALL_SEALS. Any new seal might bring a completely different semantic with it and the parser for memfd-v2 cannot be expected to deal with that. If there are any future seals added, they will need another version bump. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260216185946.1215770-3-pratyush@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Pratyush Yadav (Google) <pratyush@kernel.org> Tested-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com> Cc: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05memfd: export memfd_{add,get}_seals()Pratyush Yadav (Google)
Patch series "mm: memfd_luo: preserve file seals", v2. This series adds support for preserving file seals when preserving a memfd using LUO. Patch 1 exports some memfd seal manipulation functions and patch 2 adds support for preserving them. Since it makes changes to the serialized data structure for memfd, it also bumps the version number. This patch (of 2): Support for preserving file seals will be added to memfd preservation using the Live Update Orchestrator (LUO). Export memfd_{add,get}_seals)() so memfd_luo can use them to manipulate the seals. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260216185946.1215770-1-pratyush@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260216185946.1215770-2-pratyush@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Pratyush Yadav (Google) <pratyush@kernel.org> Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org> Tested-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com> Cc: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com> Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm, swap: use the swap table to track the swap countKairui Song
Now all the infrastructures are ready, switch to using the swap table only. This is unfortunately a large patch because the whole old counting mechanism, especially SWP_CONTINUED, has to be gone and switch to the new mechanism together, with no intermediate steps available. The swap table is capable of holding up to SWP_TB_COUNT_MAX - 1 counts in the higher bits of each table entry, so using that, the swap_map can be completely dropped. swap_map also had a limit of SWAP_CONT_MAX. Any value beyond that limit will require a COUNT_CONTINUED page. COUNT_CONTINUED is a bit complex to maintain, so for the swap table, a simpler approach is used: when the count goes beyond SWP_TB_COUNT_MAX - 1, the cluster will have an extend_table allocated, which is a swap cluster-sized array of unsigned int. The counting is basically offloaded there until the count drops below SWP_TB_COUNT_MAX again. Both the swap table and the extend table are cluster-based, so they exhibit good performance and sparsity. To make the switch from swap_map to swap table clean, this commit cleans up and introduces a new set of functions based on the swap table design, for manipulating swap counts: - __swap_cluster_dup_entry, __swap_cluster_put_entry, __swap_cluster_alloc_entry, __swap_cluster_free_entry: Increase/decrease the count of a swap slot, or alloc / free a swap slot. This is the internal routine that does the counting work based on the swap table and handles all the complexities. The caller will need to lock the cluster before calling them. All swap count-related update operations are wrapped by these four helpers. - swap_dup_entries_cluster, swap_put_entries_cluster: Increase/decrease the swap count of one or a set of swap slots in the same cluster range. These two helpers serve as the common routines for folio_dup_swap & swap_dup_entry_direct, or folio_put_swap & swap_put_entries_direct. And use these helpers to replace all existing callers. This helps to simplify the count tracking by a lot, and the swap_map is gone. [ryncsn@gmail.com: fix build] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/aZWuLZi-vYi3vAWe@KASONG-MC4 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260218-swap-table-p3-v3-9-f4e34be021a7@tencent.com Signed-off-by: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com> Suggested-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Kairui Song <ryncsn@gmail.com> Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05mm: move pgscan, pgsteal, pgrefill to node statsJP Kobryn (Meta)
There are situations where reclaim kicks in on a system with free memory. One possible cause is a NUMA imbalance scenario where one or more nodes are under pressure. It would help if we could easily identify such nodes. Move the pgscan, pgsteal, and pgrefill counters from vm_event_item to node_stat_item to provide per-node reclaim visibility. With these counters as node stats, the values are now displayed in the per-node section of /proc/zoneinfo, which allows for quick identification of the affected nodes. /proc/vmstat continues to report the same counters, aggregated across all nodes. But the ordering of these items within the readout changes as they move from the vm events section to the node stats section. Memcg accounting of these counters is preserved. The relocated counters remain visible in memory.stat alongside the existing aggregate pgscan and pgsteal counters. However, this change affects how the global counters are accumulated. Previously, the global event count update was gated on !cgroup_reclaim(), excluding memcg-based reclaim from /proc/vmstat. Now that mod_lruvec_state() is being used to update the counters, the global counters will include all reclaim. This is consistent with how pgdemote counters are already tracked. Finally, the virtio_balloon driver is updated to use global_node_page_state() to fetch the counters, as they are no longer accessible through the vm_events array. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260219235846.161910-1-jp.kobryn@linux.dev Signed-off-by: JP Kobryn <jp.kobryn@linux.dev> Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com> Cc: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul@sk.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: Eugenio Pérez <eperezma@redhat.com> Cc: Gregory Price <gourry@gourry.net> Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Cc: Joshua Hahn <joshua.hahnjy@gmail.com> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> Cc: Mathew Brost <matthew.brost@intel.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com> Cc: Rakie Kim <rakie.kim@sk.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Wei Xu <weixugc@google.com> Cc: Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Yuanchu Xie <yuanchu@google.com> Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05maple_tree: start using maple copy node for destinationLiam R. Howlett
Stop using the maple subtree state and big node in favour of using three destinations in the maple copy node. That is, expand the way leaves were handled to all levels of the tree and use the maple copy node to track the new nodes. Extract out the sibling init into the data calculation since this is where the insufficient data can be detected. The remainder of the sibling code to shift the next iteration is moved to the spanning_ascend() function, since it is not always needed. Next introduce the dst_setup() function which will decide how many nodes are needed to contain the data at this level. Using the destination count, populate the copy node's dst array with the new nodes and set d_count to the correct value. Note that this can be tricky in the case of a leaf node with exactly enough room because of the rule against NULLs at the end of leaves. Once the destinations are ready, copy the data by altering the cp_data_write() function to copy from the sources to the destinations directly. This eliminates the use of the big node in this code path. On node completion, node_finalise() will zero out the remaining area and set the metadata, if necessary. spanning_ascend() is used to decide if the operation is complete. It may create a new root, converge into one destination, or continue upwards by ascending the left and right write maple states. One test case setup needed to be tweaked so that the targeted node was surrounded by full nodes. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260130205935.2559335-18-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com> Cc: Andrew Ballance <andrewjballance@gmail.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05maple_tree: add gap support, slot and pivot sizes for maple copyLiam R. Howlett
Add plumbing work for using maple copy as a normal node for a source of copy operations. This is needed later. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260130205935.2559335-17-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com> Cc: Andrew Ballance <andrewjballance@gmail.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05maple_tree: change initial big node setup in mas_wr_spanning_rebalance()Liam R. Howlett
Instead of copying the data into the big node and finding out that the data may need to be moved or appended to, calculate the data space up front (in the maple copy node) and set up another source for the copy. The additional copy source is tracked in the maple state sib (short for sibling), and is put into the maple write states for future operations after the data is in the big node. To facilitate the newly moved node, some initial setup of the maple subtree state are relocated after the potential shift caused by the new way of rebalancing against a sibling. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260130205935.2559335-15-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com> Cc: Andrew Ballance <andrewjballance@gmail.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05maple_tree: introduce maple_copy node and use it in mas_spanning_rebalance()Liam R. Howlett
Introduce an internal-memory only node type called maple_copy to facilitate internal copy operations. Use it in mas_spanning_rebalance() for just the leaf nodes. Initially, the maple_copy node is used to configure the source nodes and copy the data into the big_node. The maple_copy contains a list of source entries with start and end offsets. One of the maple_copy entries can be itself with an offset of 0 to 2, representing the data where the store partially overwrites entries, or fully overwrites the entry. The side effect is that the source nodes no longer have to worry about partially copying the existing offset if it is not fully overwritten. This is in preparation of removal of the maple big_node, but for the time being the data is copied to the big node to limit the change size. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260130205935.2559335-12-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com> Cc: Andrew Ballance <andrewjballance@gmail.com> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Christian Kujau <lists@nerdbynature.de> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-03-24Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-03-23-17-56' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM fixes from Andrew Morton: "6 hotfixes. 2 are cc:stable. All are for MM. All are singletons - please see the changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-03-23-17-56' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: mm/damon/stat: monitor all System RAM resources mm/zswap: add missing kunmap_local() mailmap: update email address for Muhammad Usama Anjum zram: do not slot_free() written-back slots mm/damon/core: avoid use of half-online-committed context mm/rmap: clear vma->anon_vma on error
2026-03-23Merge tag 'xsa482-7.0-tag' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip Pull xen fixes from Juergen Gross: "Restrict the xen privcmd driver in unprivileged domU to only allow hypercalls to target domain when using secure boot" * tag 'xsa482-7.0-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip: xen/privcmd: add boot control for restricted usage in domU xen/privcmd: restrict usage in unprivileged domU
2026-03-22Merge tag 'locking-urgent-2026-03-22' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull locking fix from Ingo Molnar: "Fix a sparse build error regression in <linux/local_lock_internal.h> caused by the locking context-analysis changes" * tag 'locking-urgent-2026-03-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: include/linux/local_lock_internal.h: Make this header file again compatible with sparse
2026-03-21mm/damon/core: avoid use of half-online-committed contextSeongJae Park
One major usage of damon_call() is online DAMON parameters update. It is done by calling damon_commit_ctx() inside the damon_call() callback function. damon_commit_ctx() can fail for two reasons: 1) invalid parameters and 2) internal memory allocation failures. In case of failures, the damon_ctx that attempted to be updated (commit destination) can be partially updated (or, corrupted from a perspective), and therefore shouldn't be used anymore. The function only ensures the damon_ctx object can safely deallocated using damon_destroy_ctx(). The API callers are, however, calling damon_commit_ctx() only after asserting the parameters are valid, to avoid damon_commit_ctx() fails due to invalid input parameters. But it can still theoretically fail if the internal memory allocation fails. In the case, DAMON may run with the partially updated damon_ctx. This can result in unexpected behaviors including even NULL pointer dereference in case of damos_commit_dests() failure [1]. Such allocation failure is arguably too small to fail, so the real world impact would be rare. But, given the bad consequence, this needs to be fixed. Avoid such partially-committed (maybe-corrupted) damon_ctx use by saving the damon_commit_ctx() failure on the damon_ctx object. For this, introduce damon_ctx->maybe_corrupted field. damon_commit_ctx() sets it when it is failed. kdamond_call() checks if the field is set after each damon_call_control->fn() is executed. If it is set, ignore remaining callback requests and return. All kdamond_call() callers including kdamond_fn() also check the maybe_corrupted field right after kdamond_call() invocations. If the field is set, break the kdamond_fn() main loop so that DAMON sill doesn't use the context that might be corrupted. [sj@kernel.org: let kdamond_call() with cancel regardless of maybe_corrupted] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260320031553.2479-1-sj@kernel.org Link: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260319145218.86197-1-sj%40kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260319145218.86197-1-sj@kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260319043309.97966-1-sj@kernel.org [1] Fixes: 3301f1861d34 ("mm/damon/sysfs: handle commit command using damon_call()") Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [6.15+] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-03-21Merge tag 'driver-core-7.0-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core Pull driver core fixes from Danilo Krummrich: - Generalize driver_override in the driver core, providing a common sysfs implementation and concurrency-safe accessors for bus implementations - Do not use driver_override as IRQ name in the hwmon axi-fan driver - Remove an unnecessary driver_override check in sh platform_early - Migrate the platform bus to use the generic driver_override infrastructure, fixing a UAF condition caused by accessing the driver_override field without proper locking in the platform_match() callback * tag 'driver-core-7.0-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core: driver core: platform: use generic driver_override infrastructure sh: platform_early: remove pdev->driver_override check hwmon: axi-fan: don't use driver_override as IRQ name docs: driver-model: document driver_override driver core: generalize driver_override in struct device
2026-03-20Merge tag 'execve-v7.0-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull execve fixes from Kees Cook: - binfmt_elf_fdpic: fix AUXV size calculation (Andrei Vagin) - fs/tests: exec: Remove bad test vector * tag 'execve-v7.0-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: fs/tests: exec: Remove bad test vector binfmt_elf_fdpic: fix AUXV size calculation for ELF_HWCAP3 and ELF_HWCAP4
2026-03-20Merge tag 'tty-7.0-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty Pull tty/serial fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small tty/vt and serial driver fixes for 7.0-rc5. Included in here are: - 8250 driver fixes for reported problems - serial core lockup fix - uartlite driver bugfix - vt save/restore bugfix All of these have been in linux-next for over a week with no reported problems" * tag 'tty-7.0-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty: vt: save/restore unicode screen buffer for alternate screen serial: 8250_dw: Ensure BUSY is deasserted serial: 8250: Add late synchronize_irq() to shutdown to handle DW UART BUSY serial: 8250_dw: Rework IIR_NO_INT handling to stop interrupt storm serial: 8250_dw: Rework dw8250_handle_irq() locking and IIR handling serial: 8250: Add serial8250_handle_irq_locked() serial: 8250_dw: Avoid unnecessary LCR writes serial: 8250: Protect LCR write in shutdown serial: 8250_pci: add support for the AX99100 serial: core: fix infinite loop in handle_tx() for PORT_UNKNOWN serial: uartlite: fix PM runtime usage count underflow on probe serial: 8250: always disable IRQ during THRE test serial: 8250: Fix TX deadlock when using DMA
2026-03-20Merge tag 'io_uring-7.0-20260320' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux Pull io_uring fixes from Jens Axboe: - A bit of a work-around for AF_UNIX recv multishot, as the in-kernel implementation doesn't properly signal EOF. We'll likely rework this one going forward, but the fix is sufficient for now - Two fixes for incrementally consumed buffers, for non-pollable files and for 0 byte reads * tag 'io_uring-7.0-20260320' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux: io_uring/kbuf: propagate BUF_MORE through early buffer commit path io_uring/kbuf: fix missing BUF_MORE for incremental buffers at EOF io_uring/poll: fix multishot recv missing EOF on wakeup race
2026-03-20Merge tag 'iommu-fixes-v7.0-rc4' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux Pull iommu fixes from Joerg Roedel: "Intel VT-d: - Abort all pending requests on dev_tlb_inv timeout to avoid hardlockup - Limit IOPF handling to PRI-capable device to avoid SVA attach failure AMD-Vi: - Make sure identity domain is not used when SNP is active Core fixes: - Handle mapping IOVA 0x0 correctly - Fix crash in SVA code - Kernel-doc fix in IO-PGTable code" * tag 'iommu-fixes-v7.0-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux: iommu/amd: Block identity domain when SNP enabled iommu/sva: Fix crash in iommu_sva_unbind_device() iommu/io-pgtable: fix all kernel-doc warnings in io-pgtable.h iommu: Fix mapping check for 0x0 to avoid re-mapping it iommu/vt-d: Only handle IOPF for SVA when PRI is supported iommu/vt-d: Fix intel iommu iotlb sync hardlockup and retry
2026-03-20xen/privcmd: add boot control for restricted usage in domUJuergen Gross
When running in an unprivileged domU under Xen, the privcmd driver is restricted to allow only hypercalls against a target domain, for which the current domU is acting as a device model. Add a boot parameter "unrestricted" to allow all hypercalls (the hypervisor will still refuse destructive hypercalls affecting other guests). Make this new parameter effective only in case the domU wasn't started using secure boot, as otherwise hypercalls targeting the domU itself might result in violating the secure boot functionality. This is achieved by adding another lockdown reason, which can be tested to not being set when applying the "unrestricted" option. This is part of XSA-482 Signed-off-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> --- V2: - new patch
2026-03-19io_uring/kbuf: propagate BUF_MORE through early buffer commit pathJens Axboe
When io_should_commit() returns true (eg for non-pollable files), buffer commit happens at buffer selection time and sel->buf_list is set to NULL. When __io_put_kbufs() generates CQE flags at completion time, it calls __io_put_kbuf_ring() which finds a NULL buffer_list and hence cannot determine whether the buffer was consumed or not. This means that IORING_CQE_F_BUF_MORE is never set for non-pollable input with incrementally consumed buffers. Likewise for io_buffers_select(), which always commits upfront and discards the return value of io_kbuf_commit(). Add REQ_F_BUF_MORE to store the result of io_kbuf_commit() during early commit. Then __io_put_kbuf_ring() can check this flag and set IORING_F_BUF_MORE accordingy. Reported-by: Martin Michaelis <code@mgjm.de> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: ae98dbf43d75 ("io_uring/kbuf: add support for incremental buffer consumption") Link: https://github.com/axboe/liburing/issues/1553 Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2026-03-19Merge tag 'net-7.0-rc5' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net Pull networking fixes from Jakub Kicinski: "Including fixes from wireless, Bluetooth and netfilter. Nothing too exciting here, mostly fixes for corner cases. Current release - fix to a fix: - bonding: prevent potential infinite loop in bond_header_parse() Current release - new code bugs: - wifi: mac80211: check tdls flag in ieee80211_tdls_oper Previous releases - regressions: - af_unix: give up GC if MSG_PEEK intervened - netfilter: conntrack: add missing netlink policy validations - NFC: nxp-nci: allow GPIOs to sleep" * tag 'net-7.0-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (78 commits) MPTCP: fix lock class name family in pm_nl_create_listen_socket icmp: fix NULL pointer dereference in icmp_tag_validation() net: dsa: bcm_sf2: fix missing clk_disable_unprepare() in error paths net: shaper: protect from late creation of hierarchy net: shaper: protect late read accesses to the hierarchy net: mvpp2: guard flow control update with global_tx_fc in buffer switching nfnetlink_osf: validate individual option lengths in fingerprints netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error netfilter: bpf: defer hook memory release until rcu readers are done net: bonding: fix NULL deref in bond_debug_rlb_hash_show udp_tunnel: fix NULL deref caused by udp_sock_create6 when CONFIG_IPV6=n net/mlx5e: Fix race condition during IPSec ESN update net/mlx5e: Prevent concurrent access to IPSec ASO context net/mlx5: qos: Restrict RTNL area to avoid a lock cycle ipv6: add NULL checks for idev in SRv6 paths NFC: nxp-nci: allow GPIOs to sleep net: macb: fix uninitialized rx_fs_lock net: macb: fix use-after-free access to PTP clock netdevsim: drop PSP ext ref on forward failure wifi: mac80211: always free skb on ieee80211_tx_prepare_skb() failure ...
2026-03-17Merge tag 'hid-for-linus-2026031701' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hid/hid Pull HID fixes from Jiri Kosina: - various fixes dealing with (intentionally) broken devices in HID core, logitech-hidpp and multitouch drivers (Lee Jones) - fix for OOB in wacom driver (Benoît Sevens) - fix for potentialy HID-bpf-induced buffer overflow in () (Benjamin Tissoires) - various other small fixes and device ID / quirk additions * tag 'hid-for-linus-2026031701' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hid/hid: HID: multitouch: Check to ensure report responses match the request HID: logitech-hidpp: Prevent use-after-free on force feedback initialisation failure HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request selftests/hid: fix compilation when bpf_wq and hid_device are not exported HID: core: Mitigate potential OOB by removing bogus memset() HID: intel-thc-hid: Set HID_PHYS with PCI BDF HID: appletb-kbd: add .resume method in PM HID: logitech-hidpp: Enable MX Master 4 over bluetooth HID: input: Add HID_BATTERY_QUIRK_DYNAMIC for Elan touchscreens HID: input: Drop Asus UX550* touchscreen ignore battery quirks HID: asus: add xg mobile 2022 external hardware support HID: wacom: fix out-of-bounds read in wacom_intuos_bt_irq
2026-03-17driver core: platform: use generic driver_override infrastructureDanilo Krummrich
When a driver is probed through __driver_attach(), the bus' match() callback is called without the device lock held, thus accessing the driver_override field without a lock, which can cause a UAF. Fix this by using the driver-core driver_override infrastructure taking care of proper locking internally. Note that calling match() from __driver_attach() without the device lock held is intentional. [1] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/driver-core/DGRGTIRHA62X.3RY09D9SOK77P@kernel.org/ [1] Reported-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com> Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220789 Fixes: 3d713e0e382e ("driver core: platform: add device binding path 'driver_override'") Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260303115720.48783-5-dakr@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
2026-03-17driver core: generalize driver_override in struct deviceDanilo Krummrich
Currently, there are 12 busses (including platform and PCI) that duplicate the driver_override logic for their individual devices. All of them seem to be prone to the bug described in [1]. While this could be solved for every bus individually using a separate lock, solving this in the driver-core generically results in less (and cleaner) changes overall. Thus, move driver_override to struct device, provide corresponding accessors for busses and handle locking with a separate lock internally. In particular, add device_set_driver_override(), device_has_driver_override(), device_match_driver_override() and generalize the sysfs store() and show() callbacks via a driver_override feature flag in struct bus_type. Until all busses have migrated, keep driver_set_override() in place. Note that we can't use the device lock for the reasons described in [2]. Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220789 [1] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/driver-core/DGRGTIRHA62X.3RY09D9SOK77P@kernel.org/ [2] Tested-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com> Co-developed-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260303115720.48783-2-dakr@kernel.org [ Use dev->bus instead of sp->bus for consistency; fix commit message to refer to the struct bus_type's driver_override feature flag. - Danilo ] Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
2026-03-17iommu/io-pgtable: fix all kernel-doc warnings in io-pgtable.hRandy Dunlap
Avoid kernel-doc warnings in io-pgtable.h: - use the correct struct member names or kernel-doc format - add a missing struct member description - add a missing function return comment section Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'coherent_walk' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'arm_lpae_s1_cfg' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'arm_lpae_s2_cfg' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'arm_v7s_cfg' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'arm_mali_lpae_cfg' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'apple_dart_cfg' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:187 struct member 'amd' not described in 'io_pgtable_cfg' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:223 struct member 'read_and_clear_dirty' not described in 'io_pgtable_ops' Warning: include/linux/io-pgtable.h:237 No description found for return value of 'alloc_io_pgtable_ops' Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-03-16bonding: prevent potential infinite loop in bond_header_parse()Eric Dumazet
bond_header_parse() can loop if a stack of two bonding devices is setup, because skb->dev always points to the hierarchy top. Add new "const struct net_device *dev" parameter to (struct header_ops)->parse() method to make sure the recursion is bounded, and that the final leaf parse method is called. Fixes: 950803f72547 ("bonding: fix type confusion in bond_setup_by_slave()") Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reviewed-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@shopee.com> Tested-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@shopee.com> Cc: Jay Vosburgh <jv@jvosburgh.net> Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew+netdev@lunn.ch> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260315104152.1436867-1-edumazet@google.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-03-16Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-03-16-12-15' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "6 hotfixes. 4 are cc:stable. 3 are for MM. All are singletons - please see the changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-03-16-12-15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: MAINTAINERS: update email address for Ignat Korchagin mm/huge_memory: fix early failure try_to_migrate() when split huge pmd for shared THP mm/rmap: fix incorrect pte restoration for lazyfree folios mm/huge_memory: fix use of NULL folio in move_pages_huge_pmd() build_bug.h: correct function parameters names in kernel-doc crash_dump: don't log dm-crypt key bytes in read_key_from_user_keying
2026-03-15Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds
Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini: "Quite a large pull request, partly due to skipping last week and therefore having material from ~all submaintainers in this one. About a fourth of it is a new selftest, and a couple more changes are large in number of files touched (fixing a -Wflex-array-member-not-at-end compiler warning) or lines changed (reformatting of a table in the API documentation, thanks rST). But who am I kidding---it's a lot of commits and there are a lot of bugs being fixed here, some of them on the nastier side like the RISC-V ones. ARM: - Correctly handle deactivation of interrupts that were activated from LRs. Since EOIcount only denotes deactivation of interrupts that are not present in an LR, start EOIcount deactivation walk *after* the last irq that made it into an LR - Avoid calling into the stubs to probe for ICH_VTR_EL2.TDS when pKVM is already enabled -- not only thhis isn't possible (pKVM will reject the call), but it is also useless: this can only happen for a CPU that has already booted once, and the capability will not change - Fix a couple of low-severity bugs in our S2 fault handling path, affecting the recently introduced LS64 handling and the even more esoteric handling of hwpoison in a nested context - Address yet another syzkaller finding in the vgic initialisation, where we would end-up destroying an uninitialised vgic with nasty consequences - Address an annoying case of pKVM failing to boot when some of the memblock regions that the host is faulting in are not page-aligned - Inject some sanity in the NV stage-2 walker by checking the limits against the advertised PA size, and correctly report the resulting faults PPC: - Fix a PPC e500 build error due to a long-standing wart that was exposed by the recent conversion to kmalloc_obj(); rip out all the ugliness that led to the wart RISC-V: - Prevent speculative out-of-bounds access using array_index_nospec() in APLIC interrupt handling, ONE_REG regiser access, AIA CSR access, float register access, and PMU counter access - Fix potential use-after-free issues in kvm_riscv_gstage_get_leaf(), kvm_riscv_aia_aplic_has_attr(), and kvm_riscv_aia_imsic_has_attr() - Fix potential null pointer dereference in kvm_riscv_vcpu_aia_rmw_topei() - Fix off-by-one array access in SBI PMU - Skip THP support check during dirty logging - Fix error code returned for Smstateen and Ssaia ONE_REG interface - Check host Ssaia extension when creating AIA irqchip x86: - Fix cases where CPUID mitigation features were incorrectly marked as available whenever the kernel used scattered feature words for them - Validate _all_ GVAs, rather than just the first GVA, when processing a range of GVAs for Hyper-V's TLB flush hypercalls - Fix a brown paper bug in add_atomic_switch_msr() - Use hlist_for_each_entry_srcu() when traversing mask_notifier_list, to fix a lockdep warning; KVM doesn't hold RCU, just irq_srcu - Ensure AVIC VMCB fields are initialized if the VM has an in-kernel local APIC (and AVIC is enabled at the module level) - Update CR8 write interception when AVIC is (de)activated, to fix a bug where the guest can run in perpetuity with the CR8 intercept enabled - Add a quirk to skip the consistency check on FREEZE_IN_SMM, i.e. to allow L1 hypervisors to set FREEZE_IN_SMM. This reverts (by default) an unintentional tightening of userspace ABI in 6.17, and provides some amount of backwards compatibility with hypervisors who want to freeze PMCs on VM-Entry - Validate the VMCS/VMCB on return to a nested guest from SMM, because either userspace or the guest could stash invalid values in memory and trigger the processor's consistency checks Generic: - Remove a subtle pseudo-overlay of kvm_stats_desc, which, aside from being unnecessary and confusing, triggered compiler warnings due to -Wflex-array-member-not-at-end - Document that vcpu->mutex is take outside of kvm->slots_lock and kvm->slots_arch_lock, which is intentional and desirable despite being rather unintuitive Selftests: - Increase the maximum number of NUMA nodes in the guest_memfd selftest to 64 (from 8)" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (43 commits) KVM: selftests: Verify SEV+ guests can read and write EFER, CR0, CR4, and CR8 Documentation: kvm: fix formatting of the quirks table KVM: x86: clarify leave_smm() return value selftests: kvm: add a test that VMX validates controls on RSM selftests: kvm: extract common functionality out of smm_test.c KVM: SVM: check validity of VMCB controls when returning from SMM KVM: VMX: check validity of VMCS controls when returning from SMM KVM: SVM: Set/clear CR8 write interception when AVIC is (de)activated KVM: SVM: Initialize AVIC VMCB fields if AVIC is enabled with in-kernel APIC KVM: x86: Introduce KVM_X86_QUIRK_VMCS12_ALLOW_FREEZE_IN_SMM KVM: x86: Fix SRCU list traversal in kvm_fire_mask_notifiers() KVM: VMX: Fix a wrong MSR update in add_atomic_switch_msr() KVM: x86: hyper-v: Validate all GVAs during PV TLB flush KVM: x86: synthesize CPUID bits only if CPU capability is set KVM: PPC: e500: Rip out "struct tlbe_ref" KVM: PPC: e500: Fix build error due to using kmalloc_obj() with wrong type KVM: selftests: Increase 'maxnode' for guest_memfd tests KVM: arm64: pkvm: Don't reprobe for ICH_VTR_EL2.TDS on CPU hotplug KVM: arm64: vgic: Pick EOIcount deactivations from AP-list tail KVM: arm64: Remove the redundant ISB in __kvm_at_s1e2() ...
2026-03-15Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2026-03-15' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull scheduler fixes from Ingo Molnar: "More MM-CID fixes, mostly fixing hangs/races: - Fix CID hangs due to a race between concurrent forks - Fix vfork()/CLONE_VM MMCID bug causing hangs - Remove pointless preemption guard - Fix CID task list walk performance regression on large systems by removing the known-flaky and slow counting logic using for_each_process_thread() in mm_cid_*fixup_tasks_to_cpus(), and implementing a simple sched_mm_cid::node list instead" * tag 'sched-urgent-2026-03-15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: sched/mmcid: Avoid full tasklist walks sched/mmcid: Remove pointless preempt guard sched/mmcid: Handle vfork()/CLONE_VM correctly sched/mmcid: Prevent CID stalls due to concurrent forks
2026-03-14Merge tag 'usb-7.0-rc4' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb Pull USB fixes from Greg KH: "Here is a large chunk of USB driver fixes for 7.0-rc4. Included in here are: - usb gadget reverts due to reported issues, and then a follow-on fix to hopefully resolve the reported overall problem - xhci driver fixes - dwc3 driver fixes - usb core "killable" bulk message api addition to fix a usbtmc driver bug where userspace could hang the driver for forever - small USB driver fixes for reported issues - new usb device quirks All except the last USB device quirk change have been in linux-next with no reported issues. That one came in too late, and is 'obviously correct' :)" * tag 'usb-7.0-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb: (35 commits) USB: ezcap401 needs USB_QUIRK_NO_BOS to function on 10gbs usb speed usb: roles: get usb role switch from parent only for usb-b-connector Revert "tcpm: allow looking for role_sw device in the main node" usb: gadget: f_ncm: Fix net_device lifecycle with device_move Revert "usb: gadget: u_ether: add gether_opts for config caching" Revert "usb: gadget: u_ether: use <linux/hex.h> header file" Revert "usb: gadget: u_ether: Add auto-cleanup helper for freeing net_device" Revert "usb: gadget: f_ncm: align net_device lifecycle with bind/unbind" Revert "usb: legacy: ncm: Fix NPE in gncm_bind" Revert "usb: gadget: f_ncm: Fix atomic context locking issue" usb: typec: altmode/displayport: set displayport signaling rate in configure message usb: dwc3: pci: add support for the Intel Nova Lake -H usb/core/quirks: Add Huawei ME906S-device to wakeup quirk usb: gadget: uvc: fix interval_duration calculation xhci: Fix NULL pointer dereference when reading portli debugfs files usb: xhci: Prevent interrupt storm on host controller error (HCE) usb: xhci: Fix memory leak in xhci_disable_slot() usb: class: cdc-wdm: fix reordering issue in read code path usb: renesas_usbhs: fix use-after-free in ISR during device removal usb: cdc-acm: Restore CAP_BRK functionnality to CH343 ...
2026-03-14Merge tag 'char-misc-7.0-rc4' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc / IIO driver fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some char/misc/iio/binder fixes for 7.0-rc4. Nothing major in here, just the usual: - lots of iio driver fixes for reported issues - rust binder fixes for problems found - gpib driver binding to the wrong device fix - firmware driver fix All of these have been in linux-next with no reported issues" * tag 'char-misc-7.0-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (28 commits) gpib: lpvo_usb: fix unintended binding of FTDI 8U232AM devices firmware: stratix10-svc: Add Multi SVC clients support rust_binder: use lock_vma_under_rcu() in use_page_slow() rust_binder: call set_notification_done() without proc lock rust_binder: avoid reading the written value in offsets array rust_binder: check ownership before using vma rust_binder: fix oneway spam detection firmware: stratix10-rsu: Fix NULL pointer dereference when RSU is disabled iio: imu: adis: Fix NULL pointer dereference in adis_init iio: imu: inv_icm45600: fix regulator put warning when probe fails iio: buffer: Fix wait_queue not being removed iio: gyro: mpu3050-core: fix pm_runtime error handling iio: gyro: mpu3050-i2c: fix pm_runtime error handling iio: adc: ad7768-1: Fix ERR_PTR dereference in ad7768_fill_scale_tbl iio: chemical: sps30_serial: fix buffer size in sps30_serial_read_meas() iio: chemical: sps30_i2c: fix buffer size in sps30_i2c_read_meas() iio: magnetometer: tlv493d: remove erroneous shift in X-axis data iio: proximity: hx9023s: Protect against division by zero in set_samp_freq iio: proximity: hx9023s: fix assignment order for __counted_by iio: chemical: bme680: Fix measurement wait duration calculation ...
2026-03-13Merge tag 'block-7.0-20260312' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe: - NVMe pull request via Keith: - Fix nvme-pci IRQ race and slab-out-of-bounds access - Fix recursive workqueue locking for target async events - Various cleanups - Fix a potential NULL pointer dereference in ublk on size setting - ublk automatic partition scanning fix - Two s390 dasd fixes * tag 'block-7.0-20260312' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux: nvme: Annotate struct nvme_dhchap_key with __counted_by nvme-core: do not pass empty queue_limits to blk_mq_alloc_queue() nvme-pci: Fix race bug in nvme_poll_irqdisable() nvmet: move async event work off nvmet-wq nvme-pci: Fix slab-out-of-bounds in nvme_dbbuf_set s390/dasd: Copy detected format information to secondary device s390/dasd: Move quiesce state with pprc swap ublk: don't clear GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN for unprivileged daemons ublk: fix NULL pointer dereference in ublk_ctrl_set_size()
2026-03-13Merge tag 'io_uring-7.0-20260312' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux Pull io_uring fixes from Jens Axboe: - Fix an inverted true/false comment on task_no_new_privs, from the BPF filtering changes merged in this release - Use the migration disabling way of running the BPF filters, as the io_uring side doesn't do that already - Fix an issue with ->rings stability under resize, both for local task_work additions and for eventfd signaling - Fix an issue with SQE mixed mode, where a bounds check wasn't correct for having a 128b SQE - Fix an issue where a legacy provided buffer group is changed to to ring mapped one while legacy buffers from that group are in flight * tag 'io_uring-7.0-20260312' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/axboe/linux: io_uring/kbuf: check if target buffer list is still legacy on recycle io_uring: fix physical SQE bounds check for SQE_MIXED 128-byte ops io_uring/eventfd: use ctx->rings_rcu for flags checking io_uring: ensure ctx->rings is stable for task work flags manipulation io_uring/bpf_filter: use bpf_prog_run_pin_on_cpu() to prevent migration io_uring/register: fix comment about task_no_new_privs
2026-03-13vt: save/restore unicode screen buffer for alternate screenNicolas Pitre
The alternate screen support added by commit 23743ba64709 ("vt: add support for smput/rmput escape codes") only saves and restores the regular screen buffer (vc_origin), but completely ignores the corresponding unicode screen buffer (vc_uni_lines) creating a messed-up display. Add vc_saved_uni_lines to save the unicode screen buffer when entering the alternate screen, and restore it when leaving. Also ensure proper cleanup in reset_terminal() and vc_deallocate(). Fixes: 23743ba64709 ("vt: add support for smput/rmput escape codes") Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <npitre@baylibre.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/5o2p6qp3-91pq-0p17-or02-1oors4417ns7@onlyvoer.pbz Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>