From 1df97a7453eec80c1912c2d0360290a3970a7671 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2026 14:48:01 -0800 Subject: bpf: Register dtor for freeing special fields There is a race window where BPF hash map elements can leak special fields if the program with access to the map value recreates these special fields between the check_and_free_fields done on the map value and its eventual return to the memory allocator. Several ways were explored prior to this patch, most notably [0] tried to use a poison value to reject attempts to recreate special fields for map values that have been logically deleted but still accessible to BPF programs (either while sitting in the free list or when reused). While this approach works well for task work, timers, wq, etc., it is harder to apply the idea to kptrs, which have a similar race and failure mode. Instead, we change bpf_mem_alloc to allow registering destructor for allocated elements, such that when they are returned to the allocator, any special fields created while they were accessible to programs in the mean time will be freed. If these values get reused, we do not free the fields again before handing the element back. The special fields thus may remain initialized while the map value sits in a free list. When bpf_mem_alloc is retired in the future, a similar concept can be introduced to kmalloc_nolock-backed kmem_cache, paired with the existing idea of a constructor. Note that the destructor registration happens in map_check_btf, after the BTF record is populated and (at that point) avaiable for inspection and duplication. Duplication is necessary since the freeing of embedded bpf_mem_alloc can be decoupled from actual map lifetime due to logic introduced to reduce the cost of rcu_barrier()s in mem alloc free path in 9f2c6e96c65e ("bpf: Optimize rcu_barrier usage between hash map and bpf_mem_alloc."). As such, once all callbacks are done, we must also free the duplicated record. To remove dependency on the bpf_map itself, also stash the key size of the map to obtain value from htab_elem long after the map is gone. [0]: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260216131341.1285427-1-mykyta.yatsenko5@gmail.com Fixes: 14a324f6a67e ("bpf: Wire up freeing of referenced kptr") Fixes: 1bfbc267ec91 ("bpf: Enable bpf_timer and bpf_wq in any context") Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov Tested-by: syzbot@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260227224806.646888-2-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov --- include/linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h | 6 ++++++ 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+) (limited to 'include/linux') diff --git a/include/linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h b/include/linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h index e45162ef59bb..4ce0d27f8ea2 100644 --- a/include/linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h +++ b/include/linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h @@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ struct bpf_mem_alloc { struct obj_cgroup *objcg; bool percpu; struct work_struct work; + void (*dtor_ctx_free)(void *ctx); + void *dtor_ctx; }; /* 'size != 0' is for bpf_mem_alloc which manages fixed-size objects. @@ -32,6 +34,10 @@ int bpf_mem_alloc_percpu_init(struct bpf_mem_alloc *ma, struct obj_cgroup *objcg /* The percpu allocation with a specific unit size. */ int bpf_mem_alloc_percpu_unit_init(struct bpf_mem_alloc *ma, int size); void bpf_mem_alloc_destroy(struct bpf_mem_alloc *ma); +void bpf_mem_alloc_set_dtor(struct bpf_mem_alloc *ma, + void (*dtor)(void *obj, void *ctx), + void (*dtor_ctx_free)(void *ctx), + void *ctx); /* Check the allocation size for kmalloc equivalent allocator */ int bpf_mem_alloc_check_size(bool percpu, size_t size); -- cgit v1.2.3 From ae51772b1e94ba1d76db19085957dbccac189c1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2026 14:48:02 -0800 Subject: bpf: Lose const-ness of map in map_check_btf() BPF hash map may now use the map_check_btf() callback to decide whether to set a dtor on its bpf_mem_alloc or not. Unlike C++ where members can opt out of const-ness using mutable, we must lose the const qualifier on the callback such that we can avoid the ugly cast. Make the change and adjust all existing users, and lose the comment in hashtab.c. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260227224806.646888-3-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov --- include/linux/bpf.h | 4 ++-- include/linux/bpf_local_storage.h | 2 +- 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'include/linux') diff --git a/include/linux/bpf.h b/include/linux/bpf.h index b78b53198a2e..05b34a6355b0 100644 --- a/include/linux/bpf.h +++ b/include/linux/bpf.h @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ struct bpf_map_ops { u32 (*map_fd_sys_lookup_elem)(void *ptr); void (*map_seq_show_elem)(struct bpf_map *map, void *key, struct seq_file *m); - int (*map_check_btf)(const struct bpf_map *map, + int (*map_check_btf)(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_type *key_type, const struct btf_type *value_type); @@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ static inline bool bpf_map_support_seq_show(const struct bpf_map *map) map->ops->map_seq_show_elem; } -int map_check_no_btf(const struct bpf_map *map, +int map_check_no_btf(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_type *key_type, const struct btf_type *value_type); diff --git a/include/linux/bpf_local_storage.h b/include/linux/bpf_local_storage.h index 85efa9772530..8157e8da61d4 100644 --- a/include/linux/bpf_local_storage.h +++ b/include/linux/bpf_local_storage.h @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ u32 bpf_local_storage_destroy(struct bpf_local_storage *local_storage); void bpf_local_storage_map_free(struct bpf_map *map, struct bpf_local_storage_cache *cache); -int bpf_local_storage_map_check_btf(const struct bpf_map *map, +int bpf_local_storage_map_check_btf(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf, const struct btf_type *key_type, const struct btf_type *value_type); -- cgit v1.2.3