Merge tag 'for-6.16/block-20250523' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux

Pull block updates from Jens Axboe:

 - ublk updates:
      - Add support for updating the size of a ublk instance
      - Zero-copy improvements
      - Auto-registering of buffers for zero-copy
      - Series simplifying and improving GET_DATA and request lookup
      - Series adding quiesce support
      - Lots of selftests additions
      - Various cleanups

 - NVMe updates via Christoph:
      - add per-node DMA pools and use them for PRP/SGL allocations
        (Caleb Sander Mateos, Keith Busch)
      - nvme-fcloop refcounting fixes (Daniel Wagner)
      - support delayed removal of the multipath node and optionally
        support the multipath node for private namespaces (Nilay Shroff)
      - support shared CQs in the PCI endpoint target code (Wilfred
        Mallawa)
      - support admin-queue only authentication (Hannes Reinecke)
      - use the crc32c library instead of the crypto API (Eric Biggers)
      - misc cleanups (Christoph Hellwig, Marcelo Moreira, Hannes
        Reinecke, Leon Romanovsky, Gustavo A. R. Silva)

 - MD updates via Yu:
      - Fix that normal IO can be starved by sync IO, found by mkfs on
        newly created large raid5, with some clean up patches for bdev
        inflight counters

 - Clean up brd, getting rid of atomic kmaps and bvec poking

 - Add loop driver specifically for zoned IO testing

 - Eliminate blk-rq-qos calls with a static key, if not enabled

 - Improve hctx locking for when a plug has IO for multiple queues
   pending

 - Remove block layer bouncing support, which in turn means we can
   remove the per-node bounce stat as well

 - Improve blk-throttle support

 - Improve delay support for blk-throttle

 - Improve brd discard support

 - Unify IO scheduler switching. This should also fix a bunch of lockdep
   warnings we've been seeing, after enabling lockdep support for queue
   freezing/unfreezeing

 - Add support for block write streams via FDP (flexible data placement)
   on NVMe

 - Add a bunch of block helpers, facilitating the removal of a bunch of
   duplicated boilerplate code

 - Remove obsolete BLK_MQ pci and virtio Kconfig options

 - Add atomic/untorn write support to blktrace

 - Various little cleanups and fixes

* tag 'for-6.16/block-20250523' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux: (186 commits)
  selftests: ublk: add test for UBLK_F_QUIESCE
  ublk: add feature UBLK_F_QUIESCE
  selftests: ublk: add test case for UBLK_U_CMD_UPDATE_SIZE
  traceevent/block: Add REQ_ATOMIC flag to block trace events
  ublk: run auto buf unregisgering in same io_ring_ctx with registering
  io_uring: add helper io_uring_cmd_ctx_handle()
  ublk: remove io argument from ublk_auto_buf_reg_fallback()
  ublk: handle ublk_set_auto_buf_reg() failure correctly in ublk_fetch()
  selftests: ublk: add test for covering UBLK_AUTO_BUF_REG_FALLBACK
  selftests: ublk: support UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG
  ublk: support UBLK_AUTO_BUF_REG_FALLBACK
  ublk: register buffer to local io_uring with provided buf index via UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG
  ublk: prepare for supporting to register request buffer automatically
  ublk: convert to refcount_t
  selftests: ublk: make IO & device removal test more stressful
  nvme: rename nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk to nvme_mpath_remove_disk
  nvme: introduce multipath_always_on module param
  nvme-multipath: introduce delayed removal of the multipath head node
  nvme-pci: derive and better document max segments limits
  nvme-pci: use struct_size for allocation struct nvme_dev
  ...

47 files changed, 3231 insertions, 963 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/base/node.c b/drivers/base/node.c
index cd13ef287011..618712071a1e 100644
--- a/drivers/base/node.c
+++ b/drivers/base/node.c
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ static ssize_t node_read_meminfo(struct device *dev,
 			     nid, K(node_page_state(pgdat, NR_PAGETABLE)),
 			     nid, K(node_page_state(pgdat, NR_SECONDARY_PAGETABLE)),
 			     nid, 0UL,
-			     nid, K(sum_zone_node_page_state(nid, NR_BOUNCE)),
+			     nid, 0UL,
 			     nid, K(node_page_state(pgdat, NR_WRITEBACK_TEMP)),
 			     nid, K(sreclaimable +
 				    node_page_state(pgdat, NR_KERNEL_MISC_RECLAIMABLE)),
diff --git a/drivers/block/Kconfig b/drivers/block/Kconfig
index e48b24be45ee..0f70e2374e7f 100644
--- a/drivers/block/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/block/Kconfig
@@ -407,4 +407,23 @@ config BLKDEV_UBLK_LEGACY_OPCODES
 
 source "drivers/block/rnbd/Kconfig"
 
+config BLK_DEV_ZONED_LOOP
+	tristate "Zoned loopback device support"
+	depends on BLK_DEV_ZONED
+	help
+	  Saying Y here will allow you to use create a zoned block device using
+	  regular files for zones (one file per zones). This is useful to test
+	  file systems, device mapper and applications that support zoned block
+	  devices. To create a zoned loop device, no user utility is needed, a
+	  zoned loop device can be created (or re-started) using a command
+	  like:
+
+	  echo "add id=0,zone_size_mb=256,capacity_mb=16384,conv_zones=11" > \
+		/dev/zloop-control
+
+	  See Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zoned_loop.rst for usage
+	  details.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
 endif # BLK_DEV
diff --git a/drivers/block/Makefile b/drivers/block/Makefile
index 1105a2d4fdcb..097707aca725 100644
--- a/drivers/block/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/block/Makefile
@@ -41,5 +41,6 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RNBD)	+= rnbd/
 obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NULL_BLK)	+= null_blk/
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_UBLK)			+= ublk_drv.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_ZONED_LOOP) += zloop.o
 
 swim_mod-y	:= swim.o swim_asm.o
diff --git a/drivers/block/brd.c b/drivers/block/brd.c
index 292f127cae0a..b1be6c510372 100644
--- a/drivers/block/brd.c
+++ b/drivers/block/brd.c
@@ -54,32 +54,33 @@ static struct page *brd_lookup_page(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector)
 /*
  * Insert a new page for a given sector, if one does not already exist.
  */
-static int brd_insert_page(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, gfp_t gfp)
+static struct page *brd_insert_page(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector,
+		blk_opf_t opf)
+	__releases(rcu)
+	__acquires(rcu)
 {
-	pgoff_t idx = sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT;
-	struct page *page;
-	int ret = 0;
-
-	page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
-	if (page)
-		return 0;
+	gfp_t gfp = (opf & REQ_NOWAIT) ? GFP_NOWAIT : GFP_NOIO;
+	struct page *page, *ret;
 
+	rcu_read_unlock();
 	page = alloc_page(gfp | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_HIGHMEM);
+	rcu_read_lock();
 	if (!page)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
 	xa_lock(&brd->brd_pages);
-	ret = __xa_insert(&brd->brd_pages, idx, page, gfp);
-	if (!ret)
-		brd->brd_nr_pages++;
-	xa_unlock(&brd->brd_pages);
-
-	if (ret < 0) {
+	ret = __xa_cmpxchg(&brd->brd_pages, sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT, NULL,
+			page, gfp);
+	if (ret) {
+		xa_unlock(&brd->brd_pages);
 		__free_page(page);
-		if (ret == -EBUSY)
-			ret = 0;
+		if (xa_is_err(ret))
+			return ERR_PTR(xa_err(ret));
+		return ret;
 	}
-	return ret;
+	brd->brd_nr_pages++;
+	xa_unlock(&brd->brd_pages);
+	return page;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -100,143 +101,77 @@ static void brd_free_pages(struct brd_device *brd)
 }
 
 /*
- * copy_to_brd_setup must be called before copy_to_brd. It may sleep.
+ * Process a single segment.  The segment is capped to not cross page boundaries
+ * in both the bio and the brd backing memory.
  */
-static int copy_to_brd_setup(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, size_t n,
-			     gfp_t gfp)
-{
-	unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
-	size_t copy;
-	int ret;
-
-	copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
-	ret = brd_insert_page(brd, sector, gfp);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-	if (copy < n) {
-		sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-		ret = brd_insert_page(brd, sector, gfp);
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Copy n bytes from src to the brd starting at sector. Does not sleep.
- */
-static void copy_to_brd(struct brd_device *brd, const void *src,
-			sector_t sector, size_t n)
+static bool brd_rw_bvec(struct brd_device *brd, struct bio *bio)
 {
+	struct bio_vec bv = bio_iter_iovec(bio, bio->bi_iter);
+	sector_t sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+	u32 offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS - 1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+	blk_opf_t opf = bio->bi_opf;
 	struct page *page;
-	void *dst;
-	unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
-	size_t copy;
+	void *kaddr;
 
-	copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
-	page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
-	BUG_ON(!page);
-
-	dst = kmap_atomic(page);
-	memcpy(dst + offset, src, copy);
-	kunmap_atomic(dst);
-
-	if (copy < n) {
-		src += copy;
-		sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-		copy = n - copy;
-		page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
-		BUG_ON(!page);
-
-		dst = kmap_atomic(page);
-		memcpy(dst, src, copy);
-		kunmap_atomic(dst);
-	}
-}
+	bv.bv_len = min_t(u32, bv.bv_len, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
 
-/*
- * Copy n bytes to dst from the brd starting at sector. Does not sleep.
- */
-static void copy_from_brd(void *dst, struct brd_device *brd,
-			sector_t sector, size_t n)
-{
-	struct page *page;
-	void *src;
-	unsigned int offset = (sector & (PAGE_SECTORS-1)) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
-	size_t copy;
-
-	copy = min_t(size_t, n, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
+	rcu_read_lock();
 	page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
-	if (page) {
-		src = kmap_atomic(page);
-		memcpy(dst, src + offset, copy);
-		kunmap_atomic(src);
-	} else
-		memset(dst, 0, copy);
-
-	if (copy < n) {
-		dst += copy;
-		sector += copy >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-		copy = n - copy;
-		page = brd_lookup_page(brd, sector);
-		if (page) {
-			src = kmap_atomic(page);
-			memcpy(dst, src, copy);
-			kunmap_atomic(src);
-		} else
-			memset(dst, 0, copy);
+	if (!page && op_is_write(opf)) {
+		page = brd_insert_page(brd, sector, opf);
+		if (IS_ERR(page))
+			goto out_error;
 	}
-}
-
-/*
- * Process a single bvec of a bio.
- */
-static int brd_do_bvec(struct brd_device *brd, struct page *page,
-			unsigned int len, unsigned int off, blk_opf_t opf,
-			sector_t sector)
-{
-	void *mem;
-	int err = 0;
 
+	kaddr = bvec_kmap_local(&bv);
 	if (op_is_write(opf)) {
-		/*
-		 * Must use NOIO because we don't want to recurse back into the
-		 * block or filesystem layers from page reclaim.
-		 */
-		gfp_t gfp = opf & REQ_NOWAIT ? GFP_NOWAIT : GFP_NOIO;
-
-		err = copy_to_brd_setup(brd, sector, len, gfp);
-		if (err)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-	mem = kmap_atomic(page);
-	if (!op_is_write(opf)) {
-		copy_from_brd(mem + off, brd, sector, len);
-		flush_dcache_page(page);
+		memcpy_to_page(page, offset, kaddr, bv.bv_len);
 	} else {
-		flush_dcache_page(page);
-		copy_to_brd(brd, mem + off, sector, len);
+		if (page)
+			memcpy_from_page(kaddr, page, offset, bv.bv_len);
+		else
+			memset(kaddr, 0, bv.bv_len);
 	}
-	kunmap_atomic(mem);
+	kunmap_local(kaddr);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	bio_advance_iter_single(bio, &bio->bi_iter, bv.bv_len);
+	return true;
+
+out_error:
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	if (PTR_ERR(page) == -ENOMEM && (opf & REQ_NOWAIT))
+		bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
+	else
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+	return false;
+}
 
-out:
-	return err;
+static void brd_free_one_page(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	struct page *page = container_of(head, struct page, rcu_head);
+
+	__free_page(page);
 }
 
 static void brd_do_discard(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, u32 size)
 {
-	sector_t aligned_sector = (sector + PAGE_SECTORS) & ~PAGE_SECTORS;
+	sector_t aligned_sector = round_up(sector, PAGE_SECTORS);
+	sector_t aligned_end = round_down(
+			sector + (size >> SECTOR_SHIFT), PAGE_SECTORS);
 	struct page *page;
 
-	size -= (aligned_sector - sector) * SECTOR_SIZE;
+	if (aligned_end <= aligned_sector)
+		return;
+
 	xa_lock(&brd->brd_pages);
-	while (size >= PAGE_SIZE && aligned_sector < rd_size * 2) {
+	while (aligned_sector < aligned_end && aligned_sector < rd_size * 2) {
 		page = __xa_erase(&brd->brd_pages, aligned_sector >> PAGE_SECTORS_SHIFT);
 		if (page) {
-			__free_page(page);
+			call_rcu(&page->rcu_head, brd_free_one_page);
 			brd->brd_nr_pages--;
 		}
 		aligned_sector += PAGE_SECTORS;
-		size -= PAGE_SIZE;
 	}
 	xa_unlock(&brd->brd_pages);
 }
@@ -244,36 +179,18 @@ static void brd_do_discard(struct brd_device *brd, sector_t sector, u32 size)
 static void brd_submit_bio(struct bio *bio)
 {
 	struct brd_device *brd = bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
-	sector_t sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
-	struct bio_vec bvec;
-	struct bvec_iter iter;
 
 	if (unlikely(op_is_discard(bio->bi_opf))) {
-		brd_do_discard(brd, sector, bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
+		brd_do_discard(brd, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
+				bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
 		bio_endio(bio);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter) {
-		unsigned int len = bvec.bv_len;
-		int err;
-
-		/* Don't support un-aligned buffer */
-		WARN_ON_ONCE((bvec.bv_offset & (SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) ||
-				(len & (SECTOR_SIZE - 1)));
-
-		err = brd_do_bvec(brd, bvec.bv_page, len, bvec.bv_offset,
-				  bio->bi_opf, sector);
-		if (err) {
-			if (err == -ENOMEM && bio->bi_opf & REQ_NOWAIT) {
-				bio_wouldblock_error(bio);
-				return;
-			}
-			bio_io_error(bio);
+	do {
+		if (!brd_rw_bvec(brd, bio))
 			return;
-		}
-		sector += len >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
-	}
+	} while (bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
 
 	bio_endio(bio);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/block/pktcdvd.c b/drivers/block/pktcdvd.c
index 65b96c083b3c..d5cc7bd2875c 100644
--- a/drivers/block/pktcdvd.c
+++ b/drivers/block/pktcdvd.c
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ static int pkt_generic_packet(struct pktcdvd_device *pd, struct packet_command *
 	scmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq);
 
 	if (cgc->buflen) {
-		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(q, rq, cgc->buffer, cgc->buflen,
+		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(rq, cgc->buffer, cgc->buflen,
 				      GFP_NOIO);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
diff --git a/drivers/block/rnbd/rnbd-srv.c b/drivers/block/rnbd/rnbd-srv.c
index 2ee6e9bd4e28..2df8941a6b14 100644
--- a/drivers/block/rnbd/rnbd-srv.c
+++ b/drivers/block/rnbd/rnbd-srv.c
@@ -147,12 +147,7 @@ static int process_rdma(struct rnbd_srv_session *srv_sess,
 
 	bio = bio_alloc(file_bdev(sess_dev->bdev_file), 1,
 			rnbd_to_bio_flags(le32_to_cpu(msg->rw)), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (bio_add_page(bio, virt_to_page(data), datalen,
-			offset_in_page(data)) != datalen) {
-		rnbd_srv_err_rl(sess_dev, "Failed to map data to bio\n");
-		err = -EINVAL;
-		goto bio_put;
-	}
+	bio_add_virt_nofail(bio, data, datalen);
 
 	bio->bi_opf = rnbd_to_bio_flags(le32_to_cpu(msg->rw));
 	if (bio_has_data(bio) &&
diff --git a/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c b/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
index dc104c025cd5..6f51072776f1 100644
--- a/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/block/ublk_drv.c
@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@
 
 /* private ioctl command mirror */
 #define UBLK_CMD_DEL_DEV_ASYNC	_IOC_NR(UBLK_U_CMD_DEL_DEV_ASYNC)
+#define UBLK_CMD_UPDATE_SIZE	_IOC_NR(UBLK_U_CMD_UPDATE_SIZE)
+#define UBLK_CMD_QUIESCE_DEV	_IOC_NR(UBLK_U_CMD_QUIESCE_DEV)
 
 #define UBLK_IO_REGISTER_IO_BUF		_IOC_NR(UBLK_U_IO_REGISTER_IO_BUF)
 #define UBLK_IO_UNREGISTER_IO_BUF	_IOC_NR(UBLK_U_IO_UNREGISTER_IO_BUF)
@@ -64,7 +66,10 @@
 		| UBLK_F_CMD_IOCTL_ENCODE \
 		| UBLK_F_USER_COPY \
 		| UBLK_F_ZONED \
-		| UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY_FAIL_IO)
+		| UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY_FAIL_IO \
+		| UBLK_F_UPDATE_SIZE \
+		| UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG \
+		| UBLK_F_QUIESCE)
 
 #define UBLK_F_ALL_RECOVERY_FLAGS (UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY \
 		| UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY_REISSUE \
@@ -77,7 +82,11 @@
 	 UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_DMA_ALIGN | UBLK_PARAM_TYPE_SEGMENT)
 
 struct ublk_rq_data {
-	struct kref ref;
+	refcount_t ref;
+
+	/* for auto-unregister buffer in case of UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG */
+	u16 buf_index;
+	void *buf_ctx_handle;
 };
 
 struct ublk_uring_cmd_pdu {
@@ -99,6 +108,9 @@ struct ublk_uring_cmd_pdu {
 	 * setup in ublk uring_cmd handler
 	 */
 	struct ublk_queue *ubq;
+
+	struct ublk_auto_buf_reg buf;
+
 	u16 tag;
 };
 
@@ -131,6 +143,14 @@ struct ublk_uring_cmd_pdu {
  */
 #define UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA 0x08
 
+/*
+ * request buffer is registered automatically, so we have to unregister it
+ * before completing this request.
+ *
+ * io_uring will unregister buffer automatically for us during exiting.
+ */
+#define UBLK_IO_FLAG_AUTO_BUF_REG 	0x10
+
 /* atomic RW with ubq->cancel_lock */
 #define UBLK_IO_FLAG_CANCELED	0x80000000
 
@@ -140,7 +160,12 @@ struct ublk_io {
 	unsigned int flags;
 	int res;
 
-	struct io_uring_cmd *cmd;
+	union {
+		/* valid if UBLK_IO_FLAG_ACTIVE is set */
+		struct io_uring_cmd *cmd;
+		/* valid if UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV is set */
+		struct request *req;
+	};
 };
 
 struct ublk_queue {
@@ -198,13 +223,19 @@ struct ublk_params_header {
 	__u32	types;
 };
 
+static void ublk_io_release(void *priv);
 static void ublk_stop_dev_unlocked(struct ublk_device *ub);
 static void ublk_abort_queue(struct ublk_device *ub, struct ublk_queue *ubq);
 static inline struct request *__ublk_check_and_get_req(struct ublk_device *ub,
 		const struct ublk_queue *ubq, int tag, size_t offset);
 static inline unsigned int ublk_req_build_flags(struct request *req);
-static inline struct ublksrv_io_desc *ublk_get_iod(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
-						   int tag);
+
+static inline struct ublksrv_io_desc *
+ublk_get_iod(const struct ublk_queue *ubq, unsigned tag)
+{
+	return &ubq->io_cmd_buf[tag];
+}
+
 static inline bool ublk_dev_is_zoned(const struct ublk_device *ub)
 {
 	return ub->dev_info.flags & UBLK_F_ZONED;
@@ -356,8 +387,7 @@ static int ublk_report_zones(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t sector,
 		if (ret)
 			goto free_req;
 
-		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(disk->queue, req, buffer, buffer_length,
-					GFP_KERNEL);
+		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(req, buffer, buffer_length, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (ret)
 			goto erase_desc;
 
@@ -477,7 +507,6 @@ static blk_status_t ublk_setup_iod_zoned(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 #endif
 
 static inline void __ublk_complete_rq(struct request *req);
-static void ublk_complete_rq(struct kref *ref);
 
 static dev_t ublk_chr_devt;
 static const struct class ublk_chr_class = {
@@ -609,6 +638,11 @@ static inline bool ublk_support_zero_copy(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 	return ubq->flags & UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY;
 }
 
+static inline bool ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
+{
+	return ubq->flags & UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG;
+}
+
 static inline bool ublk_support_user_copy(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 {
 	return ubq->flags & UBLK_F_USER_COPY;
@@ -616,7 +650,8 @@ static inline bool ublk_support_user_copy(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 
 static inline bool ublk_need_map_io(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 {
-	return !ublk_support_user_copy(ubq) && !ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq);
+	return !ublk_support_user_copy(ubq) && !ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq) &&
+		!ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(ubq);
 }
 
 static inline bool ublk_need_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
@@ -627,8 +662,13 @@ static inline bool ublk_need_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 	 *
 	 * for zero copy, request buffer need to be registered to io_uring
 	 * buffer table, so reference is needed
+	 *
+	 * For auto buffer register, ublk server still may issue
+	 * UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ before one registered buffer is used up,
+	 * so reference is required too.
 	 */
-	return ublk_support_user_copy(ubq) || ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq);
+	return ublk_support_user_copy(ubq) || ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq) ||
+		ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(ubq);
 }
 
 static inline void ublk_init_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
@@ -637,7 +677,7 @@ static inline void ublk_init_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 	if (ublk_need_req_ref(ubq)) {
 		struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 
-		kref_init(&data->ref);
+		refcount_set(&data->ref, 1);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -647,7 +687,7 @@ static inline bool ublk_get_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 	if (ublk_need_req_ref(ubq)) {
 		struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 
-		return kref_get_unless_zero(&data->ref);
+		return refcount_inc_not_zero(&data->ref);
 	}
 
 	return true;
@@ -659,7 +699,8 @@ static inline void ublk_put_req_ref(const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 	if (ublk_need_req_ref(ubq)) {
 		struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 
-		kref_put(&data->ref, ublk_complete_rq);
+		if (refcount_dec_and_test(&data->ref))
+			__ublk_complete_rq(req);
 	} else {
 		__ublk_complete_rq(req);
 	}
@@ -695,12 +736,6 @@ static inline bool ublk_rq_has_data(const struct request *rq)
 	return bio_has_data(rq->bio);
 }
 
-static inline struct ublksrv_io_desc *ublk_get_iod(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
-		int tag)
-{
-	return &ubq->io_cmd_buf[tag];
-}
-
 static inline struct ublksrv_io_desc *
 ublk_queue_cmd_buf(struct ublk_device *ub, int q_id)
 {
@@ -1117,18 +1152,12 @@ exit:
 	blk_mq_end_request(req, res);
 }
 
-static void ublk_complete_rq(struct kref *ref)
+static void ublk_complete_io_cmd(struct ublk_io *io, struct request *req,
+				 int res, unsigned issue_flags)
 {
-	struct ublk_rq_data *data = container_of(ref, struct ublk_rq_data,
-			ref);
-	struct request *req = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(data);
+	/* read cmd first because req will overwrite it */
+	struct io_uring_cmd *cmd = io->cmd;
 
-	__ublk_complete_rq(req);
-}
-
-static void ubq_complete_io_cmd(struct ublk_io *io, int res,
-				unsigned issue_flags)
-{
 	/* mark this cmd owned by ublksrv */
 	io->flags |= UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV;
 
@@ -1138,8 +1167,10 @@ static void ubq_complete_io_cmd(struct ublk_io *io, int res,
 	 */
 	io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_ACTIVE;
 
+	io->req = req;
+
 	/* tell ublksrv one io request is coming */
-	io_uring_cmd_done(io->cmd, res, 0, issue_flags);
+	io_uring_cmd_done(cmd, res, 0, issue_flags);
 }
 
 #define UBLK_REQUEUE_DELAY_MS	3
@@ -1154,16 +1185,91 @@ static inline void __ublk_abort_rq(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 		blk_mq_end_request(rq, BLK_STS_IOERR);
 }
 
+static void ublk_auto_buf_reg_fallback(struct request *req)
+{
+	const struct ublk_queue *ubq = req->mq_hctx->driver_data;
+	struct ublksrv_io_desc *iod = ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag);
+	struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
+
+	iod->op_flags |= UBLK_IO_F_NEED_REG_BUF;
+	refcount_set(&data->ref, 1);
+}
+
+static bool ublk_auto_buf_reg(struct request *req, struct ublk_io *io,
+			      unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	struct ublk_uring_cmd_pdu *pdu = ublk_get_uring_cmd_pdu(io->cmd);
+	struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = io_buffer_register_bvec(io->cmd, req, ublk_io_release,
+				      pdu->buf.index, issue_flags);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (pdu->buf.flags & UBLK_AUTO_BUF_REG_FALLBACK) {
+			ublk_auto_buf_reg_fallback(req);
+			return true;
+		}
+		blk_mq_end_request(req, BLK_STS_IOERR);
+		return false;
+	}
+	/* one extra reference is dropped by ublk_io_release */
+	refcount_set(&data->ref, 2);
+
+	data->buf_ctx_handle = io_uring_cmd_ctx_handle(io->cmd);
+	/* store buffer index in request payload */
+	data->buf_index = pdu->buf.index;
+	io->flags |= UBLK_IO_FLAG_AUTO_BUF_REG;
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool ublk_prep_auto_buf_reg(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
+				   struct request *req, struct ublk_io *io,
+				   unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	if (ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(ubq) && ublk_rq_has_data(req))
+		return ublk_auto_buf_reg(req, io, issue_flags);
+
+	ublk_init_req_ref(ubq, req);
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool ublk_start_io(const struct ublk_queue *ubq, struct request *req,
+			  struct ublk_io *io)
+{
+	unsigned mapped_bytes = ublk_map_io(ubq, req, io);
+
+	/* partially mapped, update io descriptor */
+	if (unlikely(mapped_bytes != blk_rq_bytes(req))) {
+		/*
+		 * Nothing mapped, retry until we succeed.
+		 *
+		 * We may never succeed in mapping any bytes here because
+		 * of OOM. TODO: reserve one buffer with single page pinned
+		 * for providing forward progress guarantee.
+		 */
+		if (unlikely(!mapped_bytes)) {
+			blk_mq_requeue_request(req, false);
+			blk_mq_delay_kick_requeue_list(req->q,
+					UBLK_REQUEUE_DELAY_MS);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->nr_sectors =
+			mapped_bytes >> 9;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 static void ublk_dispatch_req(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 			      struct request *req,
 			      unsigned int issue_flags)
 {
 	int tag = req->tag;
 	struct ublk_io *io = &ubq->ios[tag];
-	unsigned int mapped_bytes;
 
-	pr_devel("%s: complete: op %d, qid %d tag %d io_flags %x addr %llx\n",
-			__func__, io->cmd->cmd_op, ubq->q_id, req->tag, io->flags,
+	pr_devel("%s: complete: qid %d tag %d io_flags %x addr %llx\n",
+			__func__, ubq->q_id, req->tag, io->flags,
 			ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->addr);
 
 	/*
@@ -1183,54 +1289,22 @@ static void ublk_dispatch_req(struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 	if (ublk_need_get_data(ubq) && ublk_need_map_req(req)) {
 		/*
 		 * We have not handled UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA command yet,
-		 * so immepdately pass UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA to ublksrv
+		 * so immediately pass UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA to ublksrv
 		 * and notify it.
 		 */
-		if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA)) {
-			io->flags |= UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA;
-			pr_devel("%s: need get data. op %d, qid %d tag %d io_flags %x\n",
-					__func__, io->cmd->cmd_op, ubq->q_id,
-					req->tag, io->flags);
-			ubq_complete_io_cmd(io, UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA, issue_flags);
-			return;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * We have handled UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA command,
-		 * so clear UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA now and just
-		 * do the copy work.
-		 */
-		io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA;
-		/* update iod->addr because ublksrv may have passed a new io buffer */
-		ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->addr = io->addr;
-		pr_devel("%s: update iod->addr: op %d, qid %d tag %d io_flags %x addr %llx\n",
-				__func__, io->cmd->cmd_op, ubq->q_id, req->tag, io->flags,
-				ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->addr);
+		io->flags |= UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA;
+		pr_devel("%s: need get data. qid %d tag %d io_flags %x\n",
+				__func__, ubq->q_id, req->tag, io->flags);
+		ublk_complete_io_cmd(io, req, UBLK_IO_RES_NEED_GET_DATA,
+				     issue_flags);
+		return;
 	}
 
-	mapped_bytes = ublk_map_io(ubq, req, io);
-
-	/* partially mapped, update io descriptor */
-	if (unlikely(mapped_bytes != blk_rq_bytes(req))) {
-		/*
-		 * Nothing mapped, retry until we succeed.
-		 *
-		 * We may never succeed in mapping any bytes here because
-		 * of OOM. TODO: reserve one buffer with single page pinned
-		 * for providing forward progress guarantee.
-		 */
-		if (unlikely(!mapped_bytes)) {
-			blk_mq_requeue_request(req, false);
-			blk_mq_delay_kick_requeue_list(req->q,
-					UBLK_REQUEUE_DELAY_MS);
-			return;
-		}
-
-		ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->nr_sectors =
-			mapped_bytes >> 9;
-	}
+	if (!ublk_start_io(ubq, req, io))
+		return;
 
-	ublk_init_req_ref(ubq, req);
-	ubq_complete_io_cmd(io, UBLK_IO_RES_OK, issue_flags);
+	if (ublk_prep_auto_buf_reg(ubq, req, io, issue_flags))
+		ublk_complete_io_cmd(io, req, UBLK_IO_RES_OK, issue_flags);
 }
 
 static void ublk_cmd_tw_cb(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
@@ -1590,30 +1664,6 @@ static int ublk_ch_mmap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 	return remap_pfn_range(vma, vma->vm_start, pfn, sz, vma->vm_page_prot);
 }
 
-static void ublk_commit_completion(struct ublk_device *ub,
-		const struct ublksrv_io_cmd *ub_cmd)
-{
-	u32 qid = ub_cmd->q_id, tag = ub_cmd->tag;
-	struct ublk_queue *ubq = ublk_get_queue(ub, qid);
-	struct ublk_io *io = &ubq->ios[tag];
-	struct request *req;
-
-	/* now this cmd slot is owned by nbd driver */
-	io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV;
-	io->res = ub_cmd->result;
-
-	/* find the io request and complete */
-	req = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(ub->tag_set.tags[qid], tag);
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(unlikely(!req)))
-		return;
-
-	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND)
-		req->__sector = ub_cmd->zone_append_lba;
-
-	if (likely(!blk_should_fake_timeout(req->q)))
-		ublk_put_req_ref(ubq, req);
-}
-
 static void __ublk_fail_req(struct ublk_queue *ubq, struct ublk_io *io,
 		struct request *req)
 {
@@ -1642,17 +1692,8 @@ static void ublk_abort_queue(struct ublk_device *ub, struct ublk_queue *ubq)
 	for (i = 0; i < ubq->q_depth; i++) {
 		struct ublk_io *io = &ubq->ios[i];
 
-		if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_ACTIVE)) {
-			struct request *rq;
-
-			/*
-			 * Either we fail the request or ublk_rq_task_work_cb
-			 * will do it
-			 */
-			rq = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(ub->tag_set.tags[ubq->q_id], i);
-			if (rq && blk_mq_request_started(rq))
-				__ublk_fail_req(ubq, io, rq);
-		}
+		if (io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV)
+			__ublk_fail_req(ubq, io, io->req);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1940,6 +1981,20 @@ static inline void ublk_prep_cancel(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 	io_uring_cmd_mark_cancelable(cmd, issue_flags);
 }
 
+static inline int ublk_set_auto_buf_reg(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	struct ublk_uring_cmd_pdu *pdu = ublk_get_uring_cmd_pdu(cmd);
+
+	pdu->buf = ublk_sqe_addr_to_auto_buf_reg(READ_ONCE(cmd->sqe->addr));
+
+	if (pdu->buf.reserved0 || pdu->buf.reserved1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (pdu->buf.flags & ~UBLK_AUTO_BUF_REG_F_MASK)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void ublk_io_release(void *priv)
 {
 	struct request *rq = priv;
@@ -1953,16 +2008,12 @@ static int ublk_register_io_buf(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 				unsigned int index, unsigned int issue_flags)
 {
 	struct ublk_device *ub = cmd->file->private_data;
-	const struct ublk_io *io = &ubq->ios[tag];
 	struct request *req;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (!ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
 	req = __ublk_check_and_get_req(ub, ubq, tag, 0);
 	if (!req)
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1978,17 +2029,12 @@ static int ublk_register_io_buf(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 }
 
 static int ublk_unregister_io_buf(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
-				  const struct ublk_queue *ubq, unsigned int tag,
+				  const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 				  unsigned int index, unsigned int issue_flags)
 {
-	const struct ublk_io *io = &ubq->ios[tag];
-
 	if (!ublk_support_zero_copy(ubq))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
 	return io_buffer_unregister_bvec(cmd, index, issue_flags);
 }
 
@@ -2031,6 +2077,12 @@ static int ublk_fetch(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd, struct ublk_queue *ubq,
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	if (ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(ubq)) {
+		ret = ublk_set_auto_buf_reg(cmd);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
 	ublk_fill_io_cmd(io, cmd, buf_addr);
 	ublk_mark_io_ready(ub, ubq);
 out:
@@ -2038,6 +2090,90 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int ublk_commit_and_fetch(const struct ublk_queue *ubq,
+				 struct ublk_io *io, struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
+				 const struct ublksrv_io_cmd *ub_cmd,
+				 unsigned int issue_flags)
+{
+	struct request *req = io->req;
+
+	if (ublk_need_map_io(ubq)) {
+		/*
+		 * COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ has to provide IO buffer if
+		 * NEED GET DATA is not enabled or it is Read IO.
+		 */
+		if (!ub_cmd->addr && (!ublk_need_get_data(ubq) ||
+					req_op(req) == REQ_OP_READ))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	} else if (req_op(req) != REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND && ub_cmd->addr) {
+		/*
+		 * User copy requires addr to be unset when command is
+		 * not zone append
+		 */
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (ublk_support_auto_buf_reg(ubq)) {
+		int ret;
+
+		/*
+		 * `UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG` only works iff `UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ`
+		 * and `UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ` are issued from same
+		 * `io_ring_ctx`.
+		 *
+		 * If this uring_cmd's io_ring_ctx isn't same with the
+		 * one for registering the buffer, it is ublk server's
+		 * responsibility for unregistering the buffer, otherwise
+		 * this ublk request gets stuck.
+		 */
+		if (io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_AUTO_BUF_REG) {
+			struct ublk_rq_data *data = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
+
+			if (data->buf_ctx_handle == io_uring_cmd_ctx_handle(cmd))
+				io_buffer_unregister_bvec(cmd, data->buf_index,
+						issue_flags);
+			io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_AUTO_BUF_REG;
+		}
+
+		ret = ublk_set_auto_buf_reg(cmd);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	ublk_fill_io_cmd(io, cmd, ub_cmd->addr);
+
+	/* now this cmd slot is owned by ublk driver */
+	io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV;
+	io->res = ub_cmd->result;
+
+	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND)
+		req->__sector = ub_cmd->zone_append_lba;
+
+	if (likely(!blk_should_fake_timeout(req->q)))
+		ublk_put_req_ref(ubq, req);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static bool ublk_get_data(const struct ublk_queue *ubq, struct ublk_io *io)
+{
+	struct request *req = io->req;
+
+	/*
+	 * We have handled UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA command,
+	 * so clear UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA now and just
+	 * do the copy work.
+	 */
+	io->flags &= ~UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA;
+	/* update iod->addr because ublksrv may have passed a new io buffer */
+	ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->addr = io->addr;
+	pr_devel("%s: update iod->addr: qid %d tag %d io_flags %x addr %llx\n",
+			__func__, ubq->q_id, req->tag, io->flags,
+			ublk_get_iod(ubq, req->tag)->addr);
+
+	return ublk_start_io(ubq, req, io);
+}
+
 static int __ublk_ch_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 			       unsigned int issue_flags,
 			       const struct ublksrv_io_cmd *ub_cmd)
@@ -2048,7 +2184,6 @@ static int __ublk_ch_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 	u32 cmd_op = cmd->cmd_op;
 	unsigned tag = ub_cmd->tag;
 	int ret = -EINVAL;
-	struct request *req;
 
 	pr_devel("%s: received: cmd op %d queue %d tag %d result %d\n",
 			__func__, cmd->cmd_op, ub_cmd->q_id, tag,
@@ -2058,9 +2193,6 @@ static int __ublk_ch_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 		goto out;
 
 	ubq = ublk_get_queue(ub, ub_cmd->q_id);
-	if (!ubq || ub_cmd->q_id != ubq->q_id)
-		goto out;
-
 	if (ubq->ubq_daemon && ubq->ubq_daemon != current)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -2075,6 +2207,11 @@ static int __ublk_ch_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	/* only UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ is allowed if io is not OWNED_BY_SRV */
+	if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV) &&
+	    _IOC_NR(cmd_op) != UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ)
+		goto out;
+
 	/*
 	 * ensure that the user issues UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA
 	 * iff the driver have set the UBLK_IO_FLAG_NEED_GET_DATA.
@@ -2092,45 +2229,23 @@ static int __ublk_ch_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 	case UBLK_IO_REGISTER_IO_BUF:
 		return ublk_register_io_buf(cmd, ubq, tag, ub_cmd->addr, issue_flags);
 	case UBLK_IO_UNREGISTER_IO_BUF:
-		return ublk_unregister_io_buf(cmd, ubq, tag, ub_cmd->addr, issue_flags);
+		return ublk_unregister_io_buf(cmd, ubq, ub_cmd->addr, issue_flags);
 	case UBLK_IO_FETCH_REQ:
 		ret = ublk_fetch(cmd, ubq, io, ub_cmd->addr);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
 		break;
 	case UBLK_IO_COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ:
-		req = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(ub->tag_set.tags[ub_cmd->q_id], tag);
-
-		if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV))
-			goto out;
-
-		if (ublk_need_map_io(ubq)) {
-			/*
-			 * COMMIT_AND_FETCH_REQ has to provide IO buffer if
-			 * NEED GET DATA is not enabled or it is Read IO.
-			 */
-			if (!ub_cmd->addr && (!ublk_need_get_data(ubq) ||
-						req_op(req) == REQ_OP_READ))
-				goto out;
-		} else if (req_op(req) != REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND && ub_cmd->addr) {
-			/*
-			 * User copy requires addr to be unset when command is
-			 * not zone append
-			 */
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+		ret = ublk_commit_and_fetch(ubq, io, cmd, ub_cmd, issue_flags);
+		if (ret)
 			goto out;
-		}
-
-		ublk_fill_io_cmd(io, cmd, ub_cmd->addr);
-		ublk_commit_completion(ub, ub_cmd);
 		break;
 	case UBLK_IO_NEED_GET_DATA:
-		if (!(io->flags & UBLK_IO_FLAG_OWNED_BY_SRV))
-			goto out;
-		ublk_fill_io_cmd(io, cmd, ub_cmd->addr);
-		req = blk_mq_tag_to_rq(ub->tag_set.tags[ub_cmd->q_id], tag);
-		ublk_dispatch_req(ubq, req, issue_flags);
-		return -EIOCBQUEUED;
+		io->addr = ub_cmd->addr;
+		if (!ublk_get_data(ubq, io))
+			return -EIOCBQUEUED;
+
+		return UBLK_IO_RES_OK;
 	default:
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -2728,6 +2843,11 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_add_dev(const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	if ((info.flags & UBLK_F_QUIESCE) && !(info.flags & UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY)) {
+		pr_warn("UBLK_F_QUIESCE requires UBLK_F_USER_RECOVERY\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * unprivileged device can't be trusted, but RECOVERY and
 	 * RECOVERY_REISSUE still may hang error handling, so can't
@@ -2744,8 +2864,11 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_add_dev(const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
 		 * For USER_COPY, we depends on userspace to fill request
 		 * buffer by pwrite() to ublk char device, which can't be
 		 * used for unprivileged device
+		 *
+		 * Same with zero copy or auto buffer register.
 		 */
-		if (info.flags & (UBLK_F_USER_COPY | UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY))
+		if (info.flags & (UBLK_F_USER_COPY | UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY |
+					UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG))
 			return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -2803,7 +2926,8 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_add_dev(const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
 		UBLK_F_URING_CMD_COMP_IN_TASK;
 
 	/* GET_DATA isn't needed any more with USER_COPY or ZERO COPY */
-	if (ub->dev_info.flags & (UBLK_F_USER_COPY | UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY))
+	if (ub->dev_info.flags & (UBLK_F_USER_COPY | UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY |
+				UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG))
 		ub->dev_info.flags &= ~UBLK_F_NEED_GET_DATA;
 
 	/*
@@ -3106,6 +3230,127 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_get_features(const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void ublk_ctrl_set_size(struct ublk_device *ub, const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
+{
+	struct ublk_param_basic *p = &ub->params.basic;
+	u64 new_size = header->data[0];
+
+	mutex_lock(&ub->mutex);
+	p->dev_sectors = new_size;
+	set_capacity_and_notify(ub->ub_disk, p->dev_sectors);
+	mutex_unlock(&ub->mutex);
+}
+
+struct count_busy {
+	const struct ublk_queue *ubq;
+	unsigned int nr_busy;
+};
+
+static bool ublk_count_busy_req(struct request *rq, void *data)
+{
+	struct count_busy *idle = data;
+
+	if (!blk_mq_request_started(rq) && rq->mq_hctx->driver_data == idle->ubq)
+		idle->nr_busy += 1;
+	return true;
+}
+
+/* uring_cmd is guaranteed to be active if the associated request is idle */
+static bool ubq_has_idle_io(const struct ublk_queue *ubq)
+{
+	struct count_busy data = {
+		.ubq = ubq,
+	};
+
+	blk_mq_tagset_busy_iter(&ubq->dev->tag_set, ublk_count_busy_req, &data);
+	return data.nr_busy < ubq->q_depth;
+}
+
+/* Wait until each hw queue has at least one idle IO */
+static int ublk_wait_for_idle_io(struct ublk_device *ub,
+				 unsigned int timeout_ms)
+{
+	unsigned int elapsed = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	while (elapsed < timeout_ms && !signal_pending(current)) {
+		unsigned int queues_cancelable = 0;
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < ub->dev_info.nr_hw_queues; i++) {
+			struct ublk_queue *ubq = ublk_get_queue(ub, i);
+
+			queues_cancelable += !!ubq_has_idle_io(ubq);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Each queue needs at least one active command for
+		 * notifying ublk server
+		 */
+		if (queues_cancelable == ub->dev_info.nr_hw_queues)
+			break;
+
+		msleep(UBLK_REQUEUE_DELAY_MS);
+		elapsed += UBLK_REQUEUE_DELAY_MS;
+	}
+
+	if (signal_pending(current))
+		ret = -EINTR;
+	else if (elapsed >= timeout_ms)
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+	else
+		ret = 0;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ublk_ctrl_quiesce_dev(struct ublk_device *ub,
+				 const struct ublksrv_ctrl_cmd *header)
+{
+	/* zero means wait forever */
+	u64 timeout_ms = header->data[0];
+	struct gendisk *disk;
+	int i, ret = -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!(ub->dev_info.flags & UBLK_F_QUIESCE))
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ub->mutex);
+	disk = ublk_get_disk(ub);
+	if (!disk)
+		goto unlock;
+	if (ub->dev_info.state == UBLK_S_DEV_DEAD)
+		goto put_disk;
+
+	ret = 0;
+	/* already in expected state */
+	if (ub->dev_info.state != UBLK_S_DEV_LIVE)
+		goto put_disk;
+
+	/* Mark all queues as canceling */
+	blk_mq_quiesce_queue(disk->queue);
+	for (i = 0; i < ub->dev_info.nr_hw_queues; i++) {
+		struct ublk_queue *ubq = ublk_get_queue(ub, i);
+
+		ubq->canceling = true;
+	}
+	blk_mq_unquiesce_queue(disk->queue);
+
+	if (!timeout_ms)
+		timeout_ms = UINT_MAX;
+	ret = ublk_wait_for_idle_io(ub, timeout_ms);
+
+put_disk:
+	ublk_put_disk(disk);
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&ub->mutex);
+
+	/* Cancel pending uring_cmd */
+	if (!ret)
+		ublk_cancel_dev(ub);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 /*
  * All control commands are sent via /dev/ublk-control, so we have to check
  * the destination device's permission
@@ -3191,6 +3436,8 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_uring_cmd_permission(struct ublk_device *ub,
 	case UBLK_CMD_SET_PARAMS:
 	case UBLK_CMD_START_USER_RECOVERY:
 	case UBLK_CMD_END_USER_RECOVERY:
+	case UBLK_CMD_UPDATE_SIZE:
+	case UBLK_CMD_QUIESCE_DEV:
 		mask = MAY_READ | MAY_WRITE;
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -3282,6 +3529,13 @@ static int ublk_ctrl_uring_cmd(struct io_uring_cmd *cmd,
 	case UBLK_CMD_END_USER_RECOVERY:
 		ret = ublk_ctrl_end_recovery(ub, header);
 		break;
+	case UBLK_CMD_UPDATE_SIZE:
+		ublk_ctrl_set_size(ub, header);
+		ret = 0;
+		break;
+	case UBLK_CMD_QUIESCE_DEV:
+		ret = ublk_ctrl_quiesce_dev(ub, header);
+		break;
 	default:
 		ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
 		break;
@@ -3315,6 +3569,7 @@ static int __init ublk_init(void)
 
 	BUILD_BUG_ON((u64)UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_OFFSET +
 			UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_TOTAL_SIZE < UBLKSRV_IO_BUF_OFFSET);
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct ublk_auto_buf_reg) != 8);
 
 	init_waitqueue_head(&ublk_idr_wq);
 
diff --git a/drivers/block/virtio_blk.c b/drivers/block/virtio_blk.c
index 7cffea01d868..30bca8cb7106 100644
--- a/drivers/block/virtio_blk.c
+++ b/drivers/block/virtio_blk.c
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ static int virtblk_submit_zone_report(struct virtio_blk *vblk,
 	vbr->out_hdr.type = cpu_to_virtio32(vblk->vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_T_ZONE_REPORT);
 	vbr->out_hdr.sector = cpu_to_virtio64(vblk->vdev, sector);
 
-	err = blk_rq_map_kern(q, req, report_buf, report_len, GFP_KERNEL);
+	err = blk_rq_map_kern(req, report_buf, report_len, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -817,7 +817,7 @@ static int virtblk_get_id(struct gendisk *disk, char *id_str)
 	vbr->out_hdr.type = cpu_to_virtio32(vblk->vdev, VIRTIO_BLK_T_GET_ID);
 	vbr->out_hdr.sector = 0;
 
-	err = blk_rq_map_kern(q, req, id_str, VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
+	err = blk_rq_map_kern(req, id_str, VIRTIO_BLK_ID_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
diff --git a/drivers/block/zloop.c b/drivers/block/zloop.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..553b1a713ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/block/zloop.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1385 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Christoph Hellwig.
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
+ *
+ * Zoned Loop Device driver - exports a zoned block device using one file per
+ * zone as backing storage.
+ */
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/blk-mq.h>
+#include <linux/blkzoned.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/falloc.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/parser.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+
+/*
+ * Options for adding (and removing) a device.
+ */
+enum {
+	ZLOOP_OPT_ERR			= 0,
+	ZLOOP_OPT_ID			= (1 << 0),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_CAPACITY		= (1 << 1),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_SIZE		= (1 << 2),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_CAPACITY		= (1 << 3),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_NR_CONV_ZONES		= (1 << 4),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_BASE_DIR		= (1 << 5),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_NR_QUEUES		= (1 << 6),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_QUEUE_DEPTH		= (1 << 7),
+	ZLOOP_OPT_BUFFERED_IO		= (1 << 8),
+};
+
+static const match_table_t zloop_opt_tokens = {
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_ID,			"id=%d"	},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_CAPACITY,		"capacity_mb=%u"	},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_SIZE,		"zone_size_mb=%u"	},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_CAPACITY,	"zone_capacity_mb=%u"	},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_NR_CONV_ZONES,	"conv_zones=%u"		},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_BASE_DIR,		"base_dir=%s"		},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_NR_QUEUES,		"nr_queues=%u"		},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_QUEUE_DEPTH,	"queue_depth=%u"	},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_BUFFERED_IO,	"buffered_io"		},
+	{ ZLOOP_OPT_ERR,		NULL			}
+};
+
+/* Default values for the "add" operation. */
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_ID			-1
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_ZONE_SIZE		((256ULL * SZ_1M) >> SECTOR_SHIFT)
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_NR_ZONES		64
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_NR_CONV_ZONES		8
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_BASE_DIR		"/var/local/zloop"
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_NR_QUEUES		1
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_QUEUE_DEPTH		128
+#define ZLOOP_DEF_BUFFERED_IO		false
+
+/* Arbitrary limit on the zone size (16GB). */
+#define ZLOOP_MAX_ZONE_SIZE_MB		16384
+
+struct zloop_options {
+	unsigned int		mask;
+	int			id;
+	sector_t		capacity;
+	sector_t		zone_size;
+	sector_t		zone_capacity;
+	unsigned int		nr_conv_zones;
+	char			*base_dir;
+	unsigned int		nr_queues;
+	unsigned int		queue_depth;
+	bool			buffered_io;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Device states.
+ */
+enum {
+	Zlo_creating = 0,
+	Zlo_live,
+	Zlo_deleting,
+};
+
+enum zloop_zone_flags {
+	ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV = 0,
+	ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR,
+};
+
+struct zloop_zone {
+	struct file		*file;
+
+	unsigned long		flags;
+	struct mutex		lock;
+	enum blk_zone_cond	cond;
+	sector_t		start;
+	sector_t		wp;
+
+	gfp_t			old_gfp_mask;
+};
+
+struct zloop_device {
+	unsigned int		id;
+	unsigned int		state;
+
+	struct blk_mq_tag_set	tag_set;
+	struct gendisk		*disk;
+
+	struct workqueue_struct *workqueue;
+	bool			buffered_io;
+
+	const char		*base_dir;
+	struct file		*data_dir;
+
+	unsigned int		zone_shift;
+	sector_t		zone_size;
+	sector_t		zone_capacity;
+	unsigned int		nr_zones;
+	unsigned int		nr_conv_zones;
+	unsigned int		block_size;
+
+	struct zloop_zone	zones[] __counted_by(nr_zones);
+};
+
+struct zloop_cmd {
+	struct work_struct	work;
+	atomic_t		ref;
+	sector_t		sector;
+	sector_t		nr_sectors;
+	long			ret;
+	struct kiocb		iocb;
+	struct bio_vec		*bvec;
+};
+
+static DEFINE_IDR(zloop_index_idr);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(zloop_ctl_mutex);
+
+static unsigned int rq_zone_no(struct request *rq)
+{
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = rq->q->queuedata;
+
+	return blk_rq_pos(rq) >> zlo->zone_shift;
+}
+
+static int zloop_update_seq_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, unsigned int zone_no)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	struct kstat stat;
+	sector_t file_sectors;
+	int ret;
+
+	lockdep_assert_held(&zone->lock);
+
+	ret = vfs_getattr(&zone->file->f_path, &stat, STATX_SIZE, 0);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		pr_err("Failed to get zone %u file stat (err=%d)\n",
+		       zone_no, ret);
+		set_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	file_sectors = stat.size >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+	if (file_sectors > zlo->zone_capacity) {
+		pr_err("Zone %u file too large (%llu sectors > %llu)\n",
+		       zone_no, file_sectors, zlo->zone_capacity);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (file_sectors & ((zlo->block_size >> SECTOR_SHIFT) - 1)) {
+		pr_err("Zone %u file size not aligned to block size %u\n",
+		       zone_no, zlo->block_size);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!file_sectors) {
+		zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY;
+		zone->wp = zone->start;
+	} else if (file_sectors == zlo->zone_capacity) {
+		zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL;
+		zone->wp = zone->start + zlo->zone_size;
+	} else {
+		zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_CLOSED;
+		zone->wp = zone->start + file_sectors;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int zloop_open_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, unsigned int zone_no)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags)) {
+		ret = zloop_update_seq_zone(zlo, zone_no);
+		if (ret)
+			goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	switch (zone->cond) {
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_EXP_OPEN:
+		break;
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY:
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_CLOSED:
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_IMP_OPEN:
+		zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_EXP_OPEN;
+		break;
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL:
+	default:
+		ret = -EIO;
+		break;
+	}
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int zloop_close_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, unsigned int zone_no)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags)) {
+		ret = zloop_update_seq_zone(zlo, zone_no);
+		if (ret)
+			goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	switch (zone->cond) {
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_CLOSED:
+		break;
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_IMP_OPEN:
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_EXP_OPEN:
+		if (zone->wp == zone->start)
+			zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY;
+		else
+			zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_CLOSED;
+		break;
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY:
+	case BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL:
+	default:
+		ret = -EIO;
+		break;
+	}
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int zloop_reset_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, unsigned int zone_no)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+	if (!test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags) &&
+	    zone->cond == BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	if (vfs_truncate(&zone->file->f_path, 0)) {
+		set_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY;
+	zone->wp = zone->start;
+	clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int zloop_reset_all_zones(struct zloop_device *zlo)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	int ret;
+
+	for (i = zlo->nr_conv_zones; i < zlo->nr_zones; i++) {
+		ret = zloop_reset_zone(zlo, i);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int zloop_finish_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, unsigned int zone_no)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+	if (!test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags) &&
+	    zone->cond == BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL)
+		goto unlock;
+
+	if (vfs_truncate(&zone->file->f_path, zlo->zone_size << SECTOR_SHIFT)) {
+		set_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL;
+	zone->wp = zone->start + zlo->zone_size;
+	clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+
+ unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void zloop_put_cmd(struct zloop_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	struct request *rq = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(cmd);
+
+	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&cmd->ref))
+		return;
+	kfree(cmd->bvec);
+	cmd->bvec = NULL;
+	if (likely(!blk_should_fake_timeout(rq->q)))
+		blk_mq_complete_request(rq);
+}
+
+static void zloop_rw_complete(struct kiocb *iocb, long ret)
+{
+	struct zloop_cmd *cmd = container_of(iocb, struct zloop_cmd, iocb);
+
+	cmd->ret = ret;
+	zloop_put_cmd(cmd);
+}
+
+static void zloop_rw(struct zloop_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	struct request *rq = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(cmd);
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = rq->q->queuedata;
+	unsigned int zone_no = rq_zone_no(rq);
+	sector_t sector = blk_rq_pos(rq);
+	sector_t nr_sectors = blk_rq_sectors(rq);
+	bool is_append = req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND;
+	bool is_write = req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE || is_append;
+	int rw = is_write ? ITER_SOURCE : ITER_DEST;
+	struct req_iterator rq_iter;
+	struct zloop_zone *zone;
+	struct iov_iter iter;
+	struct bio_vec tmp;
+	sector_t zone_end;
+	int nr_bvec = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	atomic_set(&cmd->ref, 2);
+	cmd->sector = sector;
+	cmd->nr_sectors = nr_sectors;
+	cmd->ret = 0;
+
+	/* We should never get an I/O beyond the device capacity. */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(zone_no >= zlo->nr_zones)) {
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	zone_end = zone->start + zlo->zone_capacity;
+
+	/*
+	 * The block layer should never send requests that are not fully
+	 * contained within the zone.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(sector + nr_sectors > zone->start + zlo->zone_size)) {
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags)) {
+		mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+		ret = zloop_update_seq_zone(zlo, zone_no);
+		mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags) && is_write) {
+		mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+		if (is_append) {
+			sector = zone->wp;
+			cmd->sector = sector;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Write operations must be aligned to the write pointer and
+		 * fully contained within the zone capacity.
+		 */
+		if (sector != zone->wp || zone->wp + nr_sectors > zone_end) {
+			pr_err("Zone %u: unaligned write: sect %llu, wp %llu\n",
+			       zone_no, sector, zone->wp);
+			ret = -EIO;
+			goto unlock;
+		}
+
+		/* Implicitly open the target zone. */
+		if (zone->cond == BLK_ZONE_COND_CLOSED ||
+		    zone->cond == BLK_ZONE_COND_EMPTY)
+			zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_IMP_OPEN;
+
+		/*
+		 * Advance the write pointer of sequential zones. If the write
+		 * fails, the wp position will be corrected when the next I/O
+		 * copmpletes.
+		 */
+		zone->wp += nr_sectors;
+		if (zone->wp == zone_end)
+			zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_FULL;
+	}
+
+	rq_for_each_bvec(tmp, rq, rq_iter)
+		nr_bvec++;
+
+	if (rq->bio != rq->biotail) {
+		struct bio_vec *bvec;
+
+		cmd->bvec = kmalloc_array(nr_bvec, sizeof(*cmd->bvec), GFP_NOIO);
+		if (!cmd->bvec) {
+			ret = -EIO;
+			goto unlock;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * The bios of the request may be started from the middle of
+		 * the 'bvec' because of bio splitting, so we can't directly
+		 * copy bio->bi_iov_vec to new bvec. The rq_for_each_bvec
+		 * API will take care of all details for us.
+		 */
+		bvec = cmd->bvec;
+		rq_for_each_bvec(tmp, rq, rq_iter) {
+			*bvec = tmp;
+			bvec++;
+		}
+		iov_iter_bvec(&iter, rw, cmd->bvec, nr_bvec, blk_rq_bytes(rq));
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Same here, this bio may be started from the middle of the
+		 * 'bvec' because of bio splitting, so offset from the bvec
+		 * must be passed to iov iterator
+		 */
+		iov_iter_bvec(&iter, rw,
+			__bvec_iter_bvec(rq->bio->bi_io_vec, rq->bio->bi_iter),
+					nr_bvec, blk_rq_bytes(rq));
+		iter.iov_offset = rq->bio->bi_iter.bi_bvec_done;
+	}
+
+	cmd->iocb.ki_pos = (sector - zone->start) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+	cmd->iocb.ki_filp = zone->file;
+	cmd->iocb.ki_complete = zloop_rw_complete;
+	if (!zlo->buffered_io)
+		cmd->iocb.ki_flags = IOCB_DIRECT;
+	cmd->iocb.ki_ioprio = IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE, 0);
+
+	if (rw == ITER_SOURCE)
+		ret = zone->file->f_op->write_iter(&cmd->iocb, &iter);
+	else
+		ret = zone->file->f_op->read_iter(&cmd->iocb, &iter);
+unlock:
+	if (!test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags) && is_write)
+		mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+out:
+	if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		zloop_rw_complete(&cmd->iocb, ret);
+	zloop_put_cmd(cmd);
+}
+
+static void zloop_handle_cmd(struct zloop_cmd *cmd)
+{
+	struct request *rq = blk_mq_rq_from_pdu(cmd);
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = rq->q->queuedata;
+
+	switch (req_op(rq)) {
+	case REQ_OP_READ:
+	case REQ_OP_WRITE:
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND:
+		/*
+		 * zloop_rw() always executes asynchronously or completes
+		 * directly.
+		 */
+		zloop_rw(cmd);
+		return;
+	case REQ_OP_FLUSH:
+		/*
+		 * Sync the entire FS containing the zone files instead of
+		 * walking all files
+		 */
+		cmd->ret = sync_filesystem(file_inode(zlo->data_dir)->i_sb);
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_RESET:
+		cmd->ret = zloop_reset_zone(zlo, rq_zone_no(rq));
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_RESET_ALL:
+		cmd->ret = zloop_reset_all_zones(zlo);
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_FINISH:
+		cmd->ret = zloop_finish_zone(zlo, rq_zone_no(rq));
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_OPEN:
+		cmd->ret = zloop_open_zone(zlo, rq_zone_no(rq));
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_CLOSE:
+		cmd->ret = zloop_close_zone(zlo, rq_zone_no(rq));
+		break;
+	default:
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+		pr_err("Unsupported operation %d\n", req_op(rq));
+		cmd->ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	blk_mq_complete_request(rq);
+}
+
+static void zloop_cmd_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct zloop_cmd *cmd = container_of(work, struct zloop_cmd, work);
+	int orig_flags = current->flags;
+
+	current->flags |= PF_LOCAL_THROTTLE | PF_MEMALLOC_NOIO;
+	zloop_handle_cmd(cmd);
+	current->flags = orig_flags;
+}
+
+static void zloop_complete_rq(struct request *rq)
+{
+	struct zloop_cmd *cmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq);
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = rq->q->queuedata;
+	unsigned int zone_no = cmd->sector >> zlo->zone_shift;
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	blk_status_t sts = BLK_STS_OK;
+
+	switch (req_op(rq)) {
+	case REQ_OP_READ:
+		if (cmd->ret < 0)
+			pr_err("Zone %u: failed read sector %llu, %llu sectors\n",
+			       zone_no, cmd->sector, cmd->nr_sectors);
+
+		if (cmd->ret >= 0 && cmd->ret != blk_rq_bytes(rq)) {
+			/* short read */
+			struct bio *bio;
+
+			__rq_for_each_bio(bio, rq)
+				zero_fill_bio(bio);
+		}
+		break;
+	case REQ_OP_WRITE:
+	case REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND:
+		if (cmd->ret < 0)
+			pr_err("Zone %u: failed %swrite sector %llu, %llu sectors\n",
+			       zone_no,
+			       req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE ? "" : "append ",
+			       cmd->sector, cmd->nr_sectors);
+
+		if (cmd->ret >= 0 && cmd->ret != blk_rq_bytes(rq)) {
+			pr_err("Zone %u: partial write %ld/%u B\n",
+			       zone_no, cmd->ret, blk_rq_bytes(rq));
+			cmd->ret = -EIO;
+		}
+
+		if (cmd->ret < 0 && !test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags)) {
+			/*
+			 * A write to a sequential zone file failed: mark the
+			 * zone as having an error. This will be corrected and
+			 * cleared when the next IO is submitted.
+			 */
+			set_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_ZONE_APPEND)
+			rq->__sector = cmd->sector;
+
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->ret < 0)
+		sts = errno_to_blk_status(cmd->ret);
+	blk_mq_end_request(rq, sts);
+}
+
+static blk_status_t zloop_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
+				   const struct blk_mq_queue_data *bd)
+{
+	struct request *rq = bd->rq;
+	struct zloop_cmd *cmd = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(rq);
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = rq->q->queuedata;
+
+	if (zlo->state == Zlo_deleting)
+		return BLK_STS_IOERR;
+
+	blk_mq_start_request(rq);
+
+	INIT_WORK(&cmd->work, zloop_cmd_workfn);
+	queue_work(zlo->workqueue, &cmd->work);
+
+	return BLK_STS_OK;
+}
+
+static const struct blk_mq_ops zloop_mq_ops = {
+	.queue_rq       = zloop_queue_rq,
+	.complete	= zloop_complete_rq,
+};
+
+static int zloop_open(struct gendisk *disk, blk_mode_t mode)
+{
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = disk->private_data;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_killable(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (zlo->state != Zlo_live)
+		ret = -ENXIO;
+	mutex_unlock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int zloop_report_zones(struct gendisk *disk, sector_t sector,
+		unsigned int nr_zones, report_zones_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = disk->private_data;
+	struct blk_zone blkz = {};
+	unsigned int first, i;
+	int ret;
+
+	first = disk_zone_no(disk, sector);
+	if (first >= zlo->nr_zones)
+		return 0;
+	nr_zones = min(nr_zones, zlo->nr_zones - first);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_zones; i++) {
+		unsigned int zone_no = first + i;
+		struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+
+		mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+
+		if (test_and_clear_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_SEQ_ERROR, &zone->flags)) {
+			ret = zloop_update_seq_zone(zlo, zone_no);
+			if (ret) {
+				mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+				return ret;
+			}
+		}
+
+		blkz.start = zone->start;
+		blkz.len = zlo->zone_size;
+		blkz.wp = zone->wp;
+		blkz.cond = zone->cond;
+		if (test_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags)) {
+			blkz.type = BLK_ZONE_TYPE_CONVENTIONAL;
+			blkz.capacity = zlo->zone_size;
+		} else {
+			blkz.type = BLK_ZONE_TYPE_SEQWRITE_REQ;
+			blkz.capacity = zlo->zone_capacity;
+		}
+
+		mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+		ret = cb(&blkz, i, data);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	return nr_zones;
+}
+
+static void zloop_free_disk(struct gendisk *disk)
+{
+	struct zloop_device *zlo = disk->private_data;
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < zlo->nr_zones; i++) {
+		struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[i];
+
+		mapping_set_gfp_mask(zone->file->f_mapping,
+				zone->old_gfp_mask);
+		fput(zone->file);
+	}
+
+	fput(zlo->data_dir);
+	destroy_workqueue(zlo->workqueue);
+	kfree(zlo->base_dir);
+	kvfree(zlo);
+}
+
+static const struct block_device_operations zloop_fops = {
+	.owner			= THIS_MODULE,
+	.open			= zloop_open,
+	.report_zones		= zloop_report_zones,
+	.free_disk		= zloop_free_disk,
+};
+
+__printf(3, 4)
+static struct file *zloop_filp_open_fmt(int oflags, umode_t mode,
+		const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct file *file;
+	va_list ap;
+	char *p;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	p = kvasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (!p)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	file = filp_open(p, oflags, mode);
+	kfree(p);
+	return file;
+}
+
+static int zloop_get_block_size(struct zloop_device *zlo,
+				struct zloop_zone *zone)
+{
+	struct block_device *sb_bdev = zone->file->f_mapping->host->i_sb->s_bdev;
+	struct kstat st;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the FS block size is lower than or equal to 4K, use that as the
+	 * device block size. Otherwise, fallback to the FS direct IO alignment
+	 * constraint if that is provided, and to the FS underlying device
+	 * physical block size if the direct IO alignment is unknown.
+	 */
+	if (file_inode(zone->file)->i_sb->s_blocksize <= SZ_4K)
+		zlo->block_size = file_inode(zone->file)->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	else if (!vfs_getattr(&zone->file->f_path, &st, STATX_DIOALIGN, 0) &&
+		 (st.result_mask & STATX_DIOALIGN))
+		zlo->block_size = st.dio_offset_align;
+	else if (sb_bdev)
+		zlo->block_size = bdev_physical_block_size(sb_bdev);
+	else
+		zlo->block_size = SECTOR_SIZE;
+
+	if (zlo->zone_capacity & ((zlo->block_size >> SECTOR_SHIFT) - 1)) {
+		pr_err("Zone capacity is not aligned to block size %u\n",
+		       zlo->block_size);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int zloop_init_zone(struct zloop_device *zlo, struct zloop_options *opts,
+			   unsigned int zone_no, bool restore)
+{
+	struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[zone_no];
+	int oflags = O_RDWR;
+	struct kstat stat;
+	sector_t file_sectors;
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_init(&zone->lock);
+	zone->start = (sector_t)zone_no << zlo->zone_shift;
+
+	if (!restore)
+		oflags |= O_CREAT;
+
+	if (!opts->buffered_io)
+		oflags |= O_DIRECT;
+
+	if (zone_no < zlo->nr_conv_zones) {
+		/* Conventional zone file. */
+		set_bit(ZLOOP_ZONE_CONV, &zone->flags);
+		zone->cond = BLK_ZONE_COND_NOT_WP;
+		zone->wp = U64_MAX;
+
+		zone->file = zloop_filp_open_fmt(oflags, 0600, "%s/%u/cnv-%06u",
+					zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, zone_no);
+		if (IS_ERR(zone->file)) {
+			pr_err("Failed to open zone %u file %s/%u/cnv-%06u (err=%ld)",
+			       zone_no, zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, zone_no,
+			       PTR_ERR(zone->file));
+			return PTR_ERR(zone->file);
+		}
+
+		if (!zlo->block_size) {
+			ret = zloop_get_block_size(zlo, zone);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		}
+
+		ret = vfs_getattr(&zone->file->f_path, &stat, STATX_SIZE, 0);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			pr_err("Failed to get zone %u file stat\n", zone_no);
+			return ret;
+		}
+		file_sectors = stat.size >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+
+		if (restore && file_sectors != zlo->zone_size) {
+			pr_err("Invalid conventional zone %u file size (%llu sectors != %llu)\n",
+			       zone_no, file_sectors, zlo->zone_capacity);
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		ret = vfs_truncate(&zone->file->f_path,
+				   zlo->zone_size << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			pr_err("Failed to truncate zone %u file (err=%d)\n",
+			       zone_no, ret);
+			return ret;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Sequential zone file. */
+	zone->file = zloop_filp_open_fmt(oflags, 0600, "%s/%u/seq-%06u",
+					 zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, zone_no);
+	if (IS_ERR(zone->file)) {
+		pr_err("Failed to open zone %u file %s/%u/seq-%06u (err=%ld)",
+		       zone_no, zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, zone_no,
+		       PTR_ERR(zone->file));
+		return PTR_ERR(zone->file);
+	}
+
+	if (!zlo->block_size) {
+		ret = zloop_get_block_size(zlo, zone);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	zloop_get_block_size(zlo, zone);
+
+	mutex_lock(&zone->lock);
+	ret = zloop_update_seq_zone(zlo, zone_no);
+	mutex_unlock(&zone->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static bool zloop_dev_exists(struct zloop_device *zlo)
+{
+	struct file *cnv, *seq;
+	bool exists;
+
+	cnv = zloop_filp_open_fmt(O_RDONLY, 0600, "%s/%u/cnv-%06u",
+				  zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, 0);
+	seq = zloop_filp_open_fmt(O_RDONLY, 0600, "%s/%u/seq-%06u",
+				  zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, 0);
+	exists = !IS_ERR(cnv) || !IS_ERR(seq);
+
+	if (!IS_ERR(cnv))
+		fput(cnv);
+	if (!IS_ERR(seq))
+		fput(seq);
+
+	return exists;
+}
+
+static int zloop_ctl_add(struct zloop_options *opts)
+{
+	struct queue_limits lim = {
+		.max_hw_sectors		= SZ_1M >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
+		.max_hw_zone_append_sectors = SZ_1M >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
+		.chunk_sectors		= opts->zone_size,
+		.features		= BLK_FEAT_ZONED,
+	};
+	unsigned int nr_zones, i, j;
+	struct zloop_device *zlo;
+	int ret = -EINVAL;
+	bool restore;
+
+	__module_get(THIS_MODULE);
+
+	nr_zones = opts->capacity >> ilog2(opts->zone_size);
+	if (opts->nr_conv_zones >= nr_zones) {
+		pr_err("Invalid number of conventional zones %u\n",
+		       opts->nr_conv_zones);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	zlo = kvzalloc(struct_size(zlo, zones, nr_zones), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!zlo) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	zlo->state = Zlo_creating;
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_killable(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_free_dev;
+
+	/* Allocate id, if @opts->id >= 0, we're requesting that specific id */
+	if (opts->id >= 0) {
+		ret = idr_alloc(&zloop_index_idr, zlo,
+				  opts->id, opts->id + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (ret == -ENOSPC)
+			ret = -EEXIST;
+	} else {
+		ret = idr_alloc(&zloop_index_idr, zlo, 0, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto out_free_dev;
+
+	zlo->id = ret;
+	zlo->zone_shift = ilog2(opts->zone_size);
+	zlo->zone_size = opts->zone_size;
+	if (opts->zone_capacity)
+		zlo->zone_capacity = opts->zone_capacity;
+	else
+		zlo->zone_capacity = zlo->zone_size;
+	zlo->nr_zones = nr_zones;
+	zlo->nr_conv_zones = opts->nr_conv_zones;
+	zlo->buffered_io = opts->buffered_io;
+
+	zlo->workqueue = alloc_workqueue("zloop%d", WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_FREEZABLE,
+				opts->nr_queues * opts->queue_depth, zlo->id);
+	if (!zlo->workqueue) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_free_idr;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->base_dir)
+		zlo->base_dir = kstrdup(opts->base_dir, GFP_KERNEL);
+	else
+		zlo->base_dir = kstrdup(ZLOOP_DEF_BASE_DIR, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!zlo->base_dir) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_destroy_workqueue;
+	}
+
+	zlo->data_dir = zloop_filp_open_fmt(O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY, 0, "%s/%u",
+					    zlo->base_dir, zlo->id);
+	if (IS_ERR(zlo->data_dir)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(zlo->data_dir);
+		pr_warn("Failed to open directory %s/%u (err=%d)\n",
+			zlo->base_dir, zlo->id, ret);
+		goto out_free_base_dir;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we already have zone files, we are restoring a device created by a
+	 * previous add operation. In this case, zloop_init_zone() will check
+	 * that the zone files are consistent with the zone configuration given.
+	 */
+	restore = zloop_dev_exists(zlo);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_zones; i++) {
+		ret = zloop_init_zone(zlo, opts, i, restore);
+		if (ret)
+			goto out_close_files;
+	}
+
+	lim.physical_block_size = zlo->block_size;
+	lim.logical_block_size = zlo->block_size;
+
+	zlo->tag_set.ops = &zloop_mq_ops;
+	zlo->tag_set.nr_hw_queues = opts->nr_queues;
+	zlo->tag_set.queue_depth = opts->queue_depth;
+	zlo->tag_set.numa_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
+	zlo->tag_set.cmd_size = sizeof(struct zloop_cmd);
+	zlo->tag_set.driver_data = zlo;
+
+	ret = blk_mq_alloc_tag_set(&zlo->tag_set);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("blk_mq_alloc_tag_set failed (err=%d)\n", ret);
+		goto out_close_files;
+	}
+
+	zlo->disk = blk_mq_alloc_disk(&zlo->tag_set, &lim, zlo);
+	if (IS_ERR(zlo->disk)) {
+		pr_err("blk_mq_alloc_disk failed (err=%d)\n", ret);
+		ret = PTR_ERR(zlo->disk);
+		goto out_cleanup_tags;
+	}
+	zlo->disk->flags = GENHD_FL_NO_PART;
+	zlo->disk->fops = &zloop_fops;
+	zlo->disk->private_data = zlo;
+	sprintf(zlo->disk->disk_name, "zloop%d", zlo->id);
+	set_capacity(zlo->disk, (u64)lim.chunk_sectors * zlo->nr_zones);
+
+	ret = blk_revalidate_disk_zones(zlo->disk);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_cleanup_disk;
+
+	ret = add_disk(zlo->disk);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("add_disk failed (err=%d)\n", ret);
+		goto out_cleanup_disk;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	zlo->state = Zlo_live;
+	mutex_unlock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+
+	pr_info("Added device %d: %u zones of %llu MB, %u B block size\n",
+		zlo->id, zlo->nr_zones,
+		((sector_t)zlo->zone_size << SECTOR_SHIFT) >> 20,
+		zlo->block_size);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_cleanup_disk:
+	put_disk(zlo->disk);
+out_cleanup_tags:
+	blk_mq_free_tag_set(&zlo->tag_set);
+out_close_files:
+	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+		struct zloop_zone *zone = &zlo->zones[j];
+
+		if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zone->file))
+			fput(zone->file);
+	}
+	fput(zlo->data_dir);
+out_free_base_dir:
+	kfree(zlo->base_dir);
+out_destroy_workqueue:
+	destroy_workqueue(zlo->workqueue);
+out_free_idr:
+	mutex_lock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	idr_remove(&zloop_index_idr, zlo->id);
+	mutex_unlock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+out_free_dev:
+	kvfree(zlo);
+out:
+	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+	if (ret == -ENOENT)
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int zloop_ctl_remove(struct zloop_options *opts)
+{
+	struct zloop_device *zlo;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!(opts->mask & ZLOOP_OPT_ID)) {
+		pr_err("No ID specified\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_killable(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	zlo = idr_find(&zloop_index_idr, opts->id);
+	if (!zlo || zlo->state == Zlo_creating) {
+		ret = -ENODEV;
+	} else if (zlo->state == Zlo_deleting) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+	} else {
+		idr_remove(&zloop_index_idr, zlo->id);
+		zlo->state = Zlo_deleting;
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&zloop_ctl_mutex);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	del_gendisk(zlo->disk);
+	put_disk(zlo->disk);
+	blk_mq_free_tag_set(&zlo->tag_set);
+
+	pr_info("Removed device %d\n", opts->id);
+
+	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int zloop_parse_options(struct zloop_options *opts, const char *buf)
+{
+	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
+	char *options, *o, *p;
+	unsigned int token;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/* Set defaults. */
+	opts->mask = 0;
+	opts->id = ZLOOP_DEF_ID;
+	opts->capacity = ZLOOP_DEF_ZONE_SIZE * ZLOOP_DEF_NR_ZONES;
+	opts->zone_size = ZLOOP_DEF_ZONE_SIZE;
+	opts->nr_conv_zones = ZLOOP_DEF_NR_CONV_ZONES;
+	opts->nr_queues = ZLOOP_DEF_NR_QUEUES;
+	opts->queue_depth = ZLOOP_DEF_QUEUE_DEPTH;
+	opts->buffered_io = ZLOOP_DEF_BUFFERED_IO;
+
+	if (!buf)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Skip leading spaces before the options. */
+	while (isspace(*buf))
+		buf++;
+
+	options = o = kstrdup(buf, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!options)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* Parse the options, doing only some light invalid value checks. */
+	while ((p = strsep(&o, ",\n")) != NULL) {
+		if (!*p)
+			continue;
+
+		token = match_token(p, zloop_opt_tokens, args);
+		opts->mask |= token;
+		switch (token) {
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_ID:
+			if (match_int(args, &opts->id)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_CAPACITY:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (!token) {
+				pr_err("Invalid capacity\n");
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->capacity =
+				((sector_t)token * SZ_1M) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_SIZE:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (!token || token > ZLOOP_MAX_ZONE_SIZE_MB ||
+			    !is_power_of_2(token)) {
+				pr_err("Invalid zone size %u\n", token);
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->zone_size =
+				((sector_t)token * SZ_1M) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_ZONE_CAPACITY:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (!token) {
+				pr_err("Invalid zone capacity\n");
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->zone_capacity =
+				((sector_t)token * SZ_1M) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_NR_CONV_ZONES:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->nr_conv_zones = token;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_BASE_DIR:
+			p = match_strdup(args);
+			if (!p) {
+				ret = -ENOMEM;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			kfree(opts->base_dir);
+			opts->base_dir = p;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_NR_QUEUES:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (!token) {
+				pr_err("Invalid number of queues\n");
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->nr_queues = min(token, num_online_cpus());
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_QUEUE_DEPTH:
+			if (match_uint(args, &token)) {
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (!token) {
+				pr_err("Invalid queue depth\n");
+				ret = -EINVAL;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			opts->queue_depth = token;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_BUFFERED_IO:
+			opts->buffered_io = true;
+			break;
+		case ZLOOP_OPT_ERR:
+		default:
+			pr_warn("unknown parameter or missing value '%s'\n", p);
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = -EINVAL;
+	if (opts->capacity <= opts->zone_size) {
+		pr_err("Invalid capacity\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->zone_capacity > opts->zone_size) {
+		pr_err("Invalid zone capacity\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+out:
+	kfree(options);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+enum {
+	ZLOOP_CTL_ADD,
+	ZLOOP_CTL_REMOVE,
+};
+
+static struct zloop_ctl_op {
+	int		code;
+	const char	*name;
+} zloop_ctl_ops[] = {
+	{ ZLOOP_CTL_ADD,	"add" },
+	{ ZLOOP_CTL_REMOVE,	"remove" },
+	{ -1,	NULL },
+};
+
+static ssize_t zloop_ctl_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf,
+			       size_t count, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	struct zloop_options opts = { };
+	struct zloop_ctl_op *op;
+	const char *buf, *opts_buf;
+	int i, ret;
+
+	if (count > PAGE_SIZE)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	buf = memdup_user_nul(ubuf, count);
+	if (IS_ERR(buf))
+		return PTR_ERR(buf);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zloop_ctl_ops); i++) {
+		op = &zloop_ctl_ops[i];
+		if (!op->name) {
+			pr_err("Invalid operation\n");
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (!strncmp(buf, op->name, strlen(op->name)))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (count <= strlen(op->name))
+		opts_buf = NULL;
+	else
+		opts_buf = buf + strlen(op->name);
+
+	ret = zloop_parse_options(&opts, opts_buf);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("Failed to parse options\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	switch (op->code) {
+	case ZLOOP_CTL_ADD:
+		ret = zloop_ctl_add(&opts);
+		break;
+	case ZLOOP_CTL_REMOVE:
+		ret = zloop_ctl_remove(&opts);
+		break;
+	default:
+		pr_err("Invalid operation\n");
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+out:
+	kfree(opts.base_dir);
+	kfree(buf);
+	return ret ? ret : count;
+}
+
+static int zloop_ctl_show(struct seq_file *seq_file, void *private)
+{
+	const struct match_token *tok;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Add operation */
+	seq_printf(seq_file, "%s ", zloop_ctl_ops[0].name);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zloop_opt_tokens); i++) {
+		tok = &zloop_opt_tokens[i];
+		if (!tok->pattern)
+			break;
+		if (i)
+			seq_putc(seq_file, ',');
+		seq_puts(seq_file, tok->pattern);
+	}
+	seq_putc(seq_file, '\n');
+
+	/* Remove operation */
+	seq_puts(seq_file, zloop_ctl_ops[1].name);
+	seq_puts(seq_file, " id=%d\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int zloop_ctl_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	file->private_data = NULL;
+	return single_open(file, zloop_ctl_show, NULL);
+}
+
+static int zloop_ctl_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	return single_release(inode, file);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations zloop_ctl_fops = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+	.open		= zloop_ctl_open,
+	.release	= zloop_ctl_release,
+	.write		= zloop_ctl_write,
+	.read		= seq_read,
+};
+
+static struct miscdevice zloop_misc = {
+	.minor		= MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
+	.name		= "zloop-control",
+	.fops		= &zloop_ctl_fops,
+};
+
+static int __init zloop_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = misc_register(&zloop_misc);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("Failed to register misc device: %d\n", ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	pr_info("Module loaded\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit zloop_exit(void)
+{
+	misc_deregister(&zloop_misc);
+	idr_destroy(&zloop_index_idr);
+}
+
+module_init(zloop_init);
+module_exit(zloop_exit);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Zoned loopback device");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
diff --git a/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c b/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
index b163e043c687..21a10552da61 100644
--- a/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
+++ b/drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c
@@ -3677,8 +3677,7 @@ static void cdrom_sysctl_register(void)
 
 static void cdrom_sysctl_unregister(void)
 {
-	if (cdrom_sysctl_header)
-		unregister_sysctl_table(cdrom_sysctl_header);
+	unregister_sysctl_table(cdrom_sysctl_header);
 }
 
 #else /* CONFIG_SYSCTL */
diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/super.c b/drivers/md/bcache/super.c
index 813b38aec3e4..c40db9c161c1 100644
--- a/drivers/md/bcache/super.c
+++ b/drivers/md/bcache/super.c
@@ -293,8 +293,7 @@ static void __write_super(struct cache_sb *sb, struct cache_sb_disk *out,
 
 	bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_META;
 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector	= SB_SECTOR;
-	__bio_add_page(bio, virt_to_page(out), SB_SIZE,
-			offset_in_page(out));
+	bio_add_virt_nofail(bio, out, SB_SIZE);
 
 	out->offset		= cpu_to_le64(sb->offset);
 
diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-bufio.c b/drivers/md/dm-bufio.c
index f0b5a6931161..d098e75e3461 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-bufio.c
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-bufio.c
@@ -1364,7 +1364,7 @@ static void use_bio(struct dm_buffer *b, enum req_op op, sector_t sector,
 	ptr = (char *)b->data + offset;
 	len = n_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT;
 
-	__bio_add_page(bio, virt_to_page(ptr), len, offset_in_page(ptr));
+	bio_add_virt_nofail(bio, ptr, len);
 
 	submit_bio(bio);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-integrity.c b/drivers/md/dm-integrity.c
index cc3d3897ef42..1f626066e8cc 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-integrity.c
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-integrity.c
@@ -2557,14 +2557,8 @@ static void dm_integrity_inline_recheck(struct work_struct *w)
 		char *mem;
 
 		outgoing_bio = bio_alloc_bioset(ic->dev->bdev, 1, REQ_OP_READ, GFP_NOIO, &ic->recheck_bios);
-
-		r = bio_add_page(outgoing_bio, virt_to_page(outgoing_data), ic->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT, 0);
-		if (unlikely(r != (ic->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT))) {
-			bio_put(outgoing_bio);
-			bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
-			bio_endio(bio);
-			return;
-		}
+		bio_add_virt_nofail(outgoing_bio, outgoing_data,
+				ic->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
 
 		bip = bio_integrity_alloc(outgoing_bio, GFP_NOIO, 1);
 		if (IS_ERR(bip)) {
@@ -3211,7 +3205,8 @@ next_chunk:
 
 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(ic->dev->bdev, 1, REQ_OP_READ, GFP_NOIO, &ic->recalc_bios);
 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = ic->start + SB_SECTORS + range.logical_sector;
-	__bio_add_page(bio, virt_to_page(recalc_buffer), range.n_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT, offset_in_page(recalc_buffer));
+	bio_add_virt_nofail(bio, recalc_buffer,
+			range.n_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT);
 	r = submit_bio_wait(bio);
 	bio_put(bio);
 	if (unlikely(r)) {
@@ -3228,7 +3223,8 @@ next_chunk:
 
 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(ic->dev->bdev, 1, REQ_OP_WRITE, GFP_NOIO, &ic->recalc_bios);
 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = ic->start + SB_SECTORS + range.logical_sector;
-	__bio_add_page(bio, virt_to_page(recalc_buffer), range.n_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT, offset_in_page(recalc_buffer));
+	bio_add_virt_nofail(bio, recalc_buffer,
+			range.n_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT);
 
 	bip = bio_integrity_alloc(bio, GFP_NOIO, 1);
 	if (unlikely(IS_ERR(bip))) {
diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-raid.c b/drivers/md/dm-raid.c
index 6adc55fd90d3..127138c61be5 100644
--- a/drivers/md/dm-raid.c
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-raid.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "raid5.h"
 #include "raid10.h"
 #include "md-bitmap.h"
+#include "dm-core.h"
 
 #include <linux/device-mapper.h>
 
@@ -3308,6 +3309,7 @@ size_check:
 
 	/* Disable/enable discard support on raid set. */
 	configure_discard_support(rs);
+	rs->md.dm_gendisk = ti->table->md->disk;
 
 	mddev_unlock(&rs->md);
 	return 0;
@@ -3327,6 +3329,7 @@ static void raid_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
 
 	mddev_lock_nointr(&rs->md);
 	md_stop(&rs->md);
+	rs->md.dm_gendisk = NULL;
 	mddev_unlock(&rs->md);
 
 	if (work_pending(&rs->md.event_work))
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.c b/drivers/md/md.c
index 9daa78c5fe33..0fde115e921f 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.c
+++ b/drivers/md/md.c
@@ -111,32 +111,48 @@ static void md_wakeup_thread_directly(struct md_thread __rcu *thread);
 /* Default safemode delay: 200 msec */
 #define DEFAULT_SAFEMODE_DELAY ((200 * HZ)/1000 +1)
 /*
- * Current RAID-1,4,5 parallel reconstruction 'guaranteed speed limit'
- * is 1000 KB/sec, so the extra system load does not show up that much.
- * Increase it if you want to have more _guaranteed_ speed. Note that
- * the RAID driver will use the maximum available bandwidth if the IO
- * subsystem is idle. There is also an 'absolute maximum' reconstruction
- * speed limit - in case reconstruction slows down your system despite
- * idle IO detection.
+ * Current RAID-1,4,5,6,10 parallel reconstruction 'guaranteed speed limit'
+ * is sysctl_speed_limit_min, 1000 KB/sec by default, so the extra system load
+ * does not show up that much. Increase it if you want to have more guaranteed
+ * speed. Note that the RAID driver will use the maximum bandwidth
+ * sysctl_speed_limit_max, 200 MB/sec by default, if the IO subsystem is idle.
  *
- * you can change it via /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min and _max.
- * or /sys/block/mdX/md/sync_speed_{min,max}
+ * Background sync IO speed control:
+ *
+ * - below speed min:
+ *   no limit;
+ * - above speed min and below speed max:
+ *   a) if mddev is idle, then no limit;
+ *   b) if mddev is busy handling normal IO, then limit inflight sync IO
+ *   to sync_io_depth;
+ * - above speed max:
+ *   sync IO can't be issued;
+ *
+ * Following configurations can be changed via /proc/sys/dev/raid/ for system
+ * or /sys/block/mdX/md/ for one array.
  */
-
 static int sysctl_speed_limit_min = 1000;
 static int sysctl_speed_limit_max = 200000;
-static inline int speed_min(struct mddev *mddev)
+static int sysctl_sync_io_depth = 32;
+
+static int speed_min(struct mddev *mddev)
 {
 	return mddev->sync_speed_min ?
 		mddev->sync_speed_min : sysctl_speed_limit_min;
 }
 
-static inline int speed_max(struct mddev *mddev)
+static int speed_max(struct mddev *mddev)
 {
 	return mddev->sync_speed_max ?
 		mddev->sync_speed_max : sysctl_speed_limit_max;
 }
 
+static int sync_io_depth(struct mddev *mddev)
+{
+	return mddev->sync_io_depth ?
+		mddev->sync_io_depth : sysctl_sync_io_depth;
+}
+
 static void rdev_uninit_serial(struct md_rdev *rdev)
 {
 	if (!test_and_clear_bit(CollisionCheck, &rdev->flags))
@@ -293,14 +309,21 @@ static const struct ctl_table raid_table[] = {
 		.procname	= "speed_limit_min",
 		.data		= &sysctl_speed_limit_min,
 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
-		.mode		= S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR,
+		.mode		= 0644,
 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
 	},
 	{
 		.procname	= "speed_limit_max",
 		.data		= &sysctl_speed_limit_max,
 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
-		.mode		= S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR,
+		.mode		= 0644,
+		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
+	},
+	{
+		.procname	= "sync_io_depth",
+		.data		= &sysctl_sync_io_depth,
+		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
+		.mode		= 0644,
 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
 	},
 };
@@ -5091,7 +5114,7 @@ static ssize_t
 sync_min_show(struct mddev *mddev, char *page)
 {
 	return sprintf(page, "%d (%s)\n", speed_min(mddev),
-		       mddev->sync_speed_min ? "local": "system");
+		       mddev->sync_speed_min ? "local" : "system");
 }
 
 static ssize_t
@@ -5100,7 +5123,7 @@ sync_min_store(struct mddev *mddev, const char *buf, size_t len)
 	unsigned int min;
 	int rv;
 
-	if (strncmp(buf, "system", 6)==0) {
+	if (strncmp(buf, "system", 6) == 0) {
 		min = 0;
 	} else {
 		rv = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &min);
@@ -5120,7 +5143,7 @@ static ssize_t
 sync_max_show(struct mddev *mddev, char *page)
 {
 	return sprintf(page, "%d (%s)\n", speed_max(mddev),
-		       mddev->sync_speed_max ? "local": "system");
+		       mddev->sync_speed_max ? "local" : "system");
 }
 
 static ssize_t
@@ -5129,7 +5152,7 @@ sync_max_store(struct mddev *mddev, const char *buf, size_t len)
 	unsigned int max;
 	int rv;
 
-	if (strncmp(buf, "system", 6)==0) {
+	if (strncmp(buf, "system", 6) == 0) {
 		max = 0;
 	} else {
 		rv = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &max);
@@ -5146,6 +5169,35 @@ static struct md_sysfs_entry md_sync_max =
 __ATTR(sync_speed_max, S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, sync_max_show, sync_max_store);
 
 static ssize_t
+sync_io_depth_show(struct mddev *mddev, char *page)
+{
+	return sprintf(page, "%d (%s)\n", sync_io_depth(mddev),
+		       mddev->sync_io_depth ? "local" : "system");
+}
+
+static ssize_t
+sync_io_depth_store(struct mddev *mddev, const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	unsigned int max;
+	int rv;
+
+	if (strncmp(buf, "system", 6) == 0) {
+		max = 0;
+	} else {
+		rv = kstrtouint(buf, 10, &max);
+		if (rv < 0)
+			return rv;
+		if (max == 0)
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	mddev->sync_io_depth = max;
+	return len;
+}
+
+static struct md_sysfs_entry md_sync_io_depth =
+__ATTR_RW(sync_io_depth);
+
+static ssize_t
 degraded_show(struct mddev *mddev, char *page)
 {
 	return sprintf(page, "%d\n", mddev->degraded);
@@ -5671,6 +5723,7 @@ static struct attribute *md_redundancy_attrs[] = {
 	&md_mismatches.attr,
 	&md_sync_min.attr,
 	&md_sync_max.attr,
+	&md_sync_io_depth.attr,
 	&md_sync_speed.attr,
 	&md_sync_force_parallel.attr,
 	&md_sync_completed.attr,
@@ -8572,50 +8625,55 @@ void md_cluster_stop(struct mddev *mddev)
 	put_cluster_ops(mddev);
 }
 
-static int is_mddev_idle(struct mddev *mddev, int init)
+static bool is_rdev_holder_idle(struct md_rdev *rdev, bool init)
 {
+	unsigned long last_events = rdev->last_events;
+
+	if (!bdev_is_partition(rdev->bdev))
+		return true;
+
+	/*
+	 * If rdev is partition, and user doesn't issue IO to the array, the
+	 * array is still not idle if user issues IO to other partitions.
+	 */
+	rdev->last_events = part_stat_read_accum(rdev->bdev->bd_disk->part0,
+						 sectors) -
+			    part_stat_read_accum(rdev->bdev, sectors);
+
+	return init || rdev->last_events <= last_events;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mddev is idle if following conditions are matched since last check:
+ * 1) mddev doesn't have normal IO completed;
+ * 2) mddev doesn't have inflight normal IO;
+ * 3) if any member disk is partition, and other partitions don't have IO
+ *    completed;
+ *
+ * Noted this checking rely on IO accounting is enabled.
+ */
+static bool is_mddev_idle(struct mddev *mddev, int init)
+{
+	unsigned long last_events = mddev->normal_io_events;
+	struct gendisk *disk;
 	struct md_rdev *rdev;
-	int idle;
-	int curr_events;
+	bool idle = true;
 
-	idle = 1;
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	rdev_for_each_rcu(rdev, mddev) {
-		struct gendisk *disk = rdev->bdev->bd_disk;
+	disk = mddev_is_dm(mddev) ? mddev->dm_gendisk : mddev->gendisk;
+	if (!disk)
+		return true;
 
-		if (!init && !blk_queue_io_stat(disk->queue))
-			continue;
+	mddev->normal_io_events = part_stat_read_accum(disk->part0, sectors);
+	if (!init && (mddev->normal_io_events > last_events ||
+		      bdev_count_inflight(disk->part0)))
+		idle = false;
 
-		curr_events = (int)part_stat_read_accum(disk->part0, sectors) -
-			      atomic_read(&disk->sync_io);
-		/* sync IO will cause sync_io to increase before the disk_stats
-		 * as sync_io is counted when a request starts, and
-		 * disk_stats is counted when it completes.
-		 * So resync activity will cause curr_events to be smaller than
-		 * when there was no such activity.
-		 * non-sync IO will cause disk_stat to increase without
-		 * increasing sync_io so curr_events will (eventually)
-		 * be larger than it was before.  Once it becomes
-		 * substantially larger, the test below will cause
-		 * the array to appear non-idle, and resync will slow
-		 * down.
-		 * If there is a lot of outstanding resync activity when
-		 * we set last_event to curr_events, then all that activity
-		 * completing might cause the array to appear non-idle
-		 * and resync will be slowed down even though there might
-		 * not have been non-resync activity.  This will only
-		 * happen once though.  'last_events' will soon reflect
-		 * the state where there is little or no outstanding
-		 * resync requests, and further resync activity will
-		 * always make curr_events less than last_events.
-		 *
-		 */
-		if (init || curr_events - rdev->last_events > 64) {
-			rdev->last_events = curr_events;
-			idle = 0;
-		}
-	}
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	rdev_for_each_rcu(rdev, mddev)
+		if (!is_rdev_holder_idle(rdev, init))
+			idle = false;
 	rcu_read_unlock();
+
 	return idle;
 }
 
@@ -8927,6 +8985,23 @@ static sector_t md_sync_position(struct mddev *mddev, enum sync_action action)
 	}
 }
 
+static bool sync_io_within_limit(struct mddev *mddev)
+{
+	int io_sectors;
+
+	/*
+	 * For raid456, sync IO is stripe(4k) per IO, for other levels, it's
+	 * RESYNC_PAGES(64k) per IO.
+	 */
+	if (mddev->level == 4 || mddev->level == 5 || mddev->level == 6)
+		io_sectors = 8;
+	else
+		io_sectors = 128;
+
+	return atomic_read(&mddev->recovery_active) <
+		io_sectors * sync_io_depth(mddev);
+}
+
 #define SYNC_MARKS	10
 #define	SYNC_MARK_STEP	(3*HZ)
 #define UPDATE_FREQUENCY (5*60*HZ)
@@ -9195,7 +9270,8 @@ void md_do_sync(struct md_thread *thread)
 				msleep(500);
 				goto repeat;
 			}
-			if (!is_mddev_idle(mddev, 0)) {
+			if (!sync_io_within_limit(mddev) &&
+			    !is_mddev_idle(mddev, 0)) {
 				/*
 				 * Give other IO more of a chance.
 				 * The faster the devices, the less we wait.
diff --git a/drivers/md/md.h b/drivers/md/md.h
index 1cf00a04bcdd..d45a9e6ead80 100644
--- a/drivers/md/md.h
+++ b/drivers/md/md.h
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ struct md_rdev {
 
 	sector_t sectors;		/* Device size (in 512bytes sectors) */
 	struct mddev *mddev;		/* RAID array if running */
-	int last_events;		/* IO event timestamp */
+	unsigned long last_events;	/* IO event timestamp */
 
 	/*
 	 * If meta_bdev is non-NULL, it means that a separate device is
@@ -404,7 +404,8 @@ struct mddev {
 						       * are happening, so run/
 						       * takeover/stop are not safe
 						       */
-	struct gendisk			*gendisk;
+	struct gendisk			*gendisk;    /* mdraid gendisk */
+	struct gendisk			*dm_gendisk; /* dm-raid gendisk */
 
 	struct kobject			kobj;
 	int				hold_active;
@@ -483,6 +484,7 @@ struct mddev {
 	/* if zero, use the system-wide default */
 	int				sync_speed_min;
 	int				sync_speed_max;
+	int				sync_io_depth;
 
 	/* resync even though the same disks are shared among md-devices */
 	int				parallel_resync;
@@ -518,6 +520,7 @@ struct mddev {
 							 * adding a spare
 							 */
 
+	unsigned long			normal_io_events; /* IO event timestamp */
 	atomic_t			recovery_active; /* blocks scheduled, but not written */
 	wait_queue_head_t		recovery_wait;
 	sector_t			recovery_cp;
@@ -714,17 +717,6 @@ static inline int mddev_trylock(struct mddev *mddev)
 }
 extern void mddev_unlock(struct mddev *mddev);
 
-static inline void md_sync_acct(struct block_device *bdev, unsigned long nr_sectors)
-{
-	if (blk_queue_io_stat(bdev->bd_disk->queue))
-		atomic_add(nr_sectors, &bdev->bd_disk->sync_io);
-}
-
-static inline void md_sync_acct_bio(struct bio *bio, unsigned long nr_sectors)
-{
-	md_sync_acct(bio->bi_bdev, nr_sectors);
-}
-
 struct md_personality
 {
 	struct md_submodule_head head;
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid1.c b/drivers/md/raid1.c
index de9bccbe7337..657d481525be 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid1.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid1.c
@@ -2382,7 +2382,6 @@ static void sync_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r1bio *r1_bio)
 
 		wbio->bi_end_io = end_sync_write;
 		atomic_inc(&r1_bio->remaining);
-		md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[i].rdev->bdev, bio_sectors(wbio));
 
 		submit_bio_noacct(wbio);
 	}
@@ -3055,7 +3054,6 @@ static sector_t raid1_sync_request(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sector_nr,
 			bio = r1_bio->bios[i];
 			if (bio->bi_end_io == end_sync_read) {
 				read_targets--;
-				md_sync_acct_bio(bio, nr_sectors);
 				if (read_targets == 1)
 					bio->bi_opf &= ~MD_FAILFAST;
 				submit_bio_noacct(bio);
@@ -3064,7 +3062,6 @@ static sector_t raid1_sync_request(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sector_nr,
 	} else {
 		atomic_set(&r1_bio->remaining, 1);
 		bio = r1_bio->bios[r1_bio->read_disk];
-		md_sync_acct_bio(bio, nr_sectors);
 		if (read_targets == 1)
 			bio->bi_opf &= ~MD_FAILFAST;
 		submit_bio_noacct(bio);
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid10.c b/drivers/md/raid10.c
index ba32bac975b8..dce06bf65016 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid10.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid10.c
@@ -2426,7 +2426,6 @@ static void sync_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r10bio *r10_bio)
 
 		atomic_inc(&conf->mirrors[d].rdev->nr_pending);
 		atomic_inc(&r10_bio->remaining);
-		md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[d].rdev->bdev, bio_sectors(tbio));
 
 		if (test_bit(FailFast, &conf->mirrors[d].rdev->flags))
 			tbio->bi_opf |= MD_FAILFAST;
@@ -2448,8 +2447,6 @@ static void sync_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r10bio *r10_bio)
 			bio_copy_data(tbio, fbio);
 		d = r10_bio->devs[i].devnum;
 		atomic_inc(&r10_bio->remaining);
-		md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[d].replacement->bdev,
-			     bio_sectors(tbio));
 		submit_bio_noacct(tbio);
 	}
 
@@ -2583,13 +2580,10 @@ static void recovery_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r10bio *r10_bio)
 	d = r10_bio->devs[1].devnum;
 	if (wbio->bi_end_io) {
 		atomic_inc(&conf->mirrors[d].rdev->nr_pending);
-		md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[d].rdev->bdev, bio_sectors(wbio));
 		submit_bio_noacct(wbio);
 	}
 	if (wbio2) {
 		atomic_inc(&conf->mirrors[d].replacement->nr_pending);
-		md_sync_acct(conf->mirrors[d].replacement->bdev,
-			     bio_sectors(wbio2));
 		submit_bio_noacct(wbio2);
 	}
 }
@@ -3757,7 +3751,6 @@ static sector_t raid10_sync_request(struct mddev *mddev, sector_t sector_nr,
 		r10_bio->sectors = nr_sectors;
 
 		if (bio->bi_end_io == end_sync_read) {
-			md_sync_acct_bio(bio, nr_sectors);
 			bio->bi_status = 0;
 			submit_bio_noacct(bio);
 		}
@@ -4880,7 +4873,6 @@ read_more:
 	r10_bio->sectors = nr_sectors;
 
 	/* Now submit the read */
-	md_sync_acct_bio(read_bio, r10_bio->sectors);
 	atomic_inc(&r10_bio->remaining);
 	read_bio->bi_next = NULL;
 	submit_bio_noacct(read_bio);
@@ -4940,7 +4932,6 @@ static void reshape_request_write(struct mddev *mddev, struct r10bio *r10_bio)
 			continue;
 
 		atomic_inc(&rdev->nr_pending);
-		md_sync_acct_bio(b, r10_bio->sectors);
 		atomic_inc(&r10_bio->remaining);
 		b->bi_next = NULL;
 		submit_bio_noacct(b);
diff --git a/drivers/md/raid5.c b/drivers/md/raid5.c
index 6389383166c0..ca5b0e8ba707 100644
--- a/drivers/md/raid5.c
+++ b/drivers/md/raid5.c
@@ -1240,10 +1240,6 @@ again:
 		}
 
 		if (rdev) {
-			if (s->syncing || s->expanding || s->expanded
-			    || s->replacing)
-				md_sync_acct(rdev->bdev, RAID5_STRIPE_SECTORS(conf));
-
 			set_bit(STRIPE_IO_STARTED, &sh->state);
 
 			bio_init(bi, rdev->bdev, &dev->vec, 1, op | op_flags);
@@ -1300,10 +1296,6 @@ again:
 				submit_bio_noacct(bi);
 		}
 		if (rrdev) {
-			if (s->syncing || s->expanding || s->expanded
-			    || s->replacing)
-				md_sync_acct(rrdev->bdev, RAID5_STRIPE_SECTORS(conf));
-
 			set_bit(STRIPE_IO_STARTED, &sh->state);
 
 			bio_init(rbi, rrdev->bdev, &dev->rvec, 1, op | op_flags);
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/common/auth.c b/drivers/nvme/common/auth.c
index 2c092ec8c0a9..3b6d759bcdf2 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/common/auth.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/common/auth.c
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ struct nvme_dhchap_key *nvme_auth_transform_key(
 {
 	const char *hmac_name;
 	struct crypto_shash *key_tfm;
-	struct shash_desc *shash;
+	SHASH_DESC_ON_STACK(shash, key_tfm);
 	struct nvme_dhchap_key *transformed_key;
 	int ret, key_len;
 
@@ -267,19 +267,11 @@ struct nvme_dhchap_key *nvme_auth_transform_key(
 	if (IS_ERR(key_tfm))
 		return ERR_CAST(key_tfm);
 
-	shash = kmalloc(sizeof(struct shash_desc) +
-			crypto_shash_descsize(key_tfm),
-			GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!shash) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out_free_key;
-	}
-
 	key_len = crypto_shash_digestsize(key_tfm);
 	transformed_key = nvme_auth_alloc_key(key_len, key->hash);
 	if (!transformed_key) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out_free_shash;
+		goto out_free_key;
 	}
 
 	shash->tfm = key_tfm;
@@ -299,15 +291,12 @@ struct nvme_dhchap_key *nvme_auth_transform_key(
 	if (ret < 0)
 		goto out_free_transformed_key;
 
-	kfree(shash);
 	crypto_free_shash(key_tfm);
 
 	return transformed_key;
 
 out_free_transformed_key:
 	nvme_auth_free_key(transformed_key);
-out_free_shash:
-	kfree(shash);
 out_free_key:
 	crypto_free_shash(key_tfm);
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/auth.c b/drivers/nvme/host/auth.c
index 6115fef74c1e..f6ddbe553289 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/auth.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/auth.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ struct nvme_dhchap_queue_context {
 	u32 s1;
 	u32 s2;
 	bool bi_directional;
+	bool authenticated;
 	u16 transaction;
 	u8 status;
 	u8 dhgroup_id;
@@ -682,6 +683,7 @@ static void nvme_auth_reset_dhchap(struct nvme_dhchap_queue_context *chap)
 static void nvme_auth_free_dhchap(struct nvme_dhchap_queue_context *chap)
 {
 	nvme_auth_reset_dhchap(chap);
+	chap->authenticated = false;
 	if (chap->shash_tfm)
 		crypto_free_shash(chap->shash_tfm);
 	if (chap->dh_tfm)
@@ -930,12 +932,14 @@ static void nvme_queue_auth_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	}
 	if (!ret) {
 		chap->error = 0;
+		chap->authenticated = true;
 		if (ctrl->opts->concat &&
 		    (ret = nvme_auth_secure_concat(ctrl, chap))) {
 			dev_warn(ctrl->device,
 				 "%s: qid %d failed to enable secure concatenation\n",
 				 __func__, chap->qid);
 			chap->error = ret;
+			chap->authenticated = false;
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1023,13 +1027,16 @@ static void nvme_ctrl_auth_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		return;
 
 	for (q = 1; q < ctrl->queue_count; q++) {
-		ret = nvme_auth_negotiate(ctrl, q);
-		if (ret) {
-			dev_warn(ctrl->device,
-				 "qid %d: error %d setting up authentication\n",
-				 q, ret);
-			break;
-		}
+		struct nvme_dhchap_queue_context *chap =
+			&ctrl->dhchap_ctxs[q];
+		/*
+		 * Skip re-authentication if the queue had
+		 * not been authenticated initially.
+		 */
+		if (!chap->authenticated)
+			continue;
+		cancel_work_sync(&chap->auth_work);
+		queue_work(nvme_auth_wq, &chap->auth_work);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1037,7 +1044,13 @@ static void nvme_ctrl_auth_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	 * the controller terminates the connection.
 	 */
 	for (q = 1; q < ctrl->queue_count; q++) {
-		ret = nvme_auth_wait(ctrl, q);
+		struct nvme_dhchap_queue_context *chap =
+			&ctrl->dhchap_ctxs[q];
+		if (!chap->authenticated)
+			continue;
+		flush_work(&chap->auth_work);
+		ret = chap->error;
+		nvme_auth_reset_dhchap(chap);
 		if (ret)
 			dev_warn(ctrl->device,
 				 "qid %d: authentication failed\n", q);
@@ -1076,6 +1089,7 @@ int nvme_auth_init_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 		chap = &ctrl->dhchap_ctxs[i];
 		chap->qid = i;
 		chap->ctrl = ctrl;
+		chap->authenticated = false;
 		INIT_WORK(&chap->auth_work, nvme_queue_auth_work);
 	}
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
index 6b04473c0ab7..f69a232a000a 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/core.c
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ struct nvme_ns_info {
 	u32 nsid;
 	__le32 anagrpid;
 	u8 pi_offset;
+	u16 endgid;
+	u64 runs;
 	bool is_shared;
 	bool is_readonly;
 	bool is_ready;
@@ -150,6 +152,8 @@ static void nvme_remove_invalid_namespaces(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 					   unsigned nsid);
 static void nvme_update_keep_alive(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 				   struct nvme_command *cmd);
+static int nvme_get_log_lsi(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u32 nsid, u8 log_page,
+		u8 lsp, u8 csi, void *log, size_t size, u64 offset, u16 lsi);
 
 void nvme_queue_scan(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 {
@@ -664,10 +668,11 @@ static void nvme_free_ns_head(struct kref *ref)
 	struct nvme_ns_head *head =
 		container_of(ref, struct nvme_ns_head, ref);
 
-	nvme_mpath_remove_disk(head);
+	nvme_mpath_put_disk(head);
 	ida_free(&head->subsys->ns_ida, head->instance);
 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&head->srcu);
 	nvme_put_subsystem(head->subsys);
+	kfree(head->plids);
 	kfree(head);
 }
 
@@ -991,6 +996,18 @@ static inline blk_status_t nvme_setup_rw(struct nvme_ns *ns,
 	if (req->cmd_flags & REQ_RAHEAD)
 		dsmgmt |= NVME_RW_DSM_FREQ_PREFETCH;
 
+	if (op == nvme_cmd_write && ns->head->nr_plids) {
+		u16 write_stream = req->bio->bi_write_stream;
+
+		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(write_stream > ns->head->nr_plids))
+			return BLK_STS_INVAL;
+
+		if (write_stream) {
+			dsmgmt |= ns->head->plids[write_stream - 1] << 16;
+			control |= NVME_RW_DTYPE_DPLCMT;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (req->cmd_flags & REQ_ATOMIC && !nvme_valid_atomic_write(req))
 		return BLK_STS_INVAL;
 
@@ -1157,7 +1174,7 @@ int __nvme_submit_sync_cmd(struct request_queue *q, struct nvme_command *cmd,
 		req->cmd_flags &= ~REQ_FAILFAST_DRIVER;
 
 	if (buffer && bufflen) {
-		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(q, req, buffer, bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
+		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(req, buffer, bufflen, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
 	}
@@ -1609,6 +1626,7 @@ static int nvme_ns_info_from_identify(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 	info->is_shared = id->nmic & NVME_NS_NMIC_SHARED;
 	info->is_readonly = id->nsattr & NVME_NS_ATTR_RO;
 	info->is_ready = true;
+	info->endgid = le16_to_cpu(id->endgid);
 	if (ctrl->quirks & NVME_QUIRK_BOGUS_NID) {
 		dev_info(ctrl->device,
 			 "Ignoring bogus Namespace Identifiers\n");
@@ -1649,6 +1667,7 @@ static int nvme_ns_info_from_id_cs_indep(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 		info->is_ready = id->nstat & NVME_NSTAT_NRDY;
 		info->is_rotational = id->nsfeat & NVME_NS_ROTATIONAL;
 		info->no_vwc = id->nsfeat & NVME_NS_VWC_NOT_PRESENT;
+		info->endgid = le16_to_cpu(id->endgid);
 	}
 	kfree(id);
 	return ret;
@@ -1674,7 +1693,7 @@ static int nvme_features(struct nvme_ctrl *dev, u8 op, unsigned int fid,
 
 int nvme_set_features(struct nvme_ctrl *dev, unsigned int fid,
 		      unsigned int dword11, void *buffer, size_t buflen,
-		      u32 *result)
+		      void *result)
 {
 	return nvme_features(dev, nvme_admin_set_features, fid, dword11, buffer,
 			     buflen, result);
@@ -1683,7 +1702,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvme_set_features);
 
 int nvme_get_features(struct nvme_ctrl *dev, unsigned int fid,
 		      unsigned int dword11, void *buffer, size_t buflen,
-		      u32 *result)
+		      void *result)
 {
 	return nvme_features(dev, nvme_admin_get_features, fid, dword11, buffer,
 			     buflen, result);
@@ -2167,6 +2186,148 @@ static int nvme_update_ns_info_generic(struct nvme_ns *ns,
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int nvme_query_fdp_granularity(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
+				      struct nvme_ns_info *info, u8 fdp_idx)
+{
+	struct nvme_fdp_config_log hdr, *h;
+	struct nvme_fdp_config_desc *desc;
+	size_t size = sizeof(hdr);
+	void *log, *end;
+	int i, n, ret;
+
+	ret = nvme_get_log_lsi(ctrl, 0, NVME_LOG_FDP_CONFIGS, 0,
+			       NVME_CSI_NVM, &hdr, size, 0, info->endgid);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device,
+			 "FDP configs log header status:0x%x endgid:%d\n", ret,
+			 info->endgid);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	size = le32_to_cpu(hdr.sze);
+	if (size > PAGE_SIZE * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device, "FDP config size too large:%zu\n",
+			 size);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	h = kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!h)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = nvme_get_log_lsi(ctrl, 0, NVME_LOG_FDP_CONFIGS, 0,
+			       NVME_CSI_NVM, h, size, 0, info->endgid);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device,
+			 "FDP configs log status:0x%x endgid:%d\n", ret,
+			 info->endgid);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	n = le16_to_cpu(h->numfdpc) + 1;
+	if (fdp_idx > n) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device, "FDP index:%d out of range:%d\n",
+			 fdp_idx, n);
+		/* Proceed without registering FDP streams */
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	log = h + 1;
+	desc = log;
+	end = log + size - sizeof(*h);
+	for (i = 0; i < fdp_idx; i++) {
+		log += le16_to_cpu(desc->dsze);
+		desc = log;
+		if (log >= end) {
+			dev_warn(ctrl->device,
+				 "FDP invalid config descriptor list\n");
+			ret = 0;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(desc->nrg) > 1) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device, "FDP NRG > 1 not supported\n");
+		ret = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	info->runs = le64_to_cpu(desc->runs);
+out:
+	kvfree(h);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int nvme_query_fdp_info(struct nvme_ns *ns, struct nvme_ns_info *info)
+{
+	struct nvme_ns_head *head = ns->head;
+	struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl = ns->ctrl;
+	struct nvme_fdp_ruh_status *ruhs;
+	struct nvme_fdp_config fdp;
+	struct nvme_command c = {};
+	size_t size;
+	int i, ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * The FDP configuration is static for the lifetime of the namespace,
+	 * so return immediately if we've already registered this namespace's
+	 * streams.
+	 */
+	if (head->nr_plids)
+		return 0;
+
+	ret = nvme_get_features(ctrl, NVME_FEAT_FDP, info->endgid, NULL, 0,
+				&fdp);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device, "FDP get feature status:0x%x\n", ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (!(fdp.flags & FDPCFG_FDPE))
+		return 0;
+
+	ret = nvme_query_fdp_granularity(ctrl, info, fdp.fdpcidx);
+	if (!info->runs)
+		return ret;
+
+	size = struct_size(ruhs, ruhsd, S8_MAX - 1);
+	ruhs = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ruhs)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	c.imr.opcode = nvme_cmd_io_mgmt_recv;
+	c.imr.nsid = cpu_to_le32(head->ns_id);
+	c.imr.mo = NVME_IO_MGMT_RECV_MO_RUHS;
+	c.imr.numd = cpu_to_le32(nvme_bytes_to_numd(size));
+	ret = nvme_submit_sync_cmd(ns->queue, &c, ruhs, size);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device, "FDP io-mgmt status:0x%x\n", ret);
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	head->nr_plids = le16_to_cpu(ruhs->nruhsd);
+	if (!head->nr_plids)
+		goto free;
+
+	head->plids = kcalloc(head->nr_plids, sizeof(*head->plids),
+			      GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!head->plids) {
+		dev_warn(ctrl->device,
+			 "failed to allocate %u FDP placement IDs\n",
+			 head->nr_plids);
+		head->nr_plids = 0;
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < head->nr_plids; i++)
+		head->plids[i] = le16_to_cpu(ruhs->ruhsd[i].pid);
+free:
+	kfree(ruhs);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int nvme_update_ns_info_block(struct nvme_ns *ns,
 		struct nvme_ns_info *info)
 {
@@ -2204,6 +2365,12 @@ static int nvme_update_ns_info_block(struct nvme_ns *ns,
 			goto out;
 	}
 
+	if (ns->ctrl->ctratt & NVME_CTRL_ATTR_FDPS) {
+		ret = nvme_query_fdp_info(ns, info);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
 	lim = queue_limits_start_update(ns->disk->queue);
 
 	memflags = blk_mq_freeze_queue(ns->disk->queue);
@@ -2248,6 +2415,12 @@ static int nvme_update_ns_info_block(struct nvme_ns *ns,
 	if (!nvme_init_integrity(ns->head, &lim, info))
 		capacity = 0;
 
+	lim.max_write_streams = ns->head->nr_plids;
+	if (lim.max_write_streams)
+		lim.write_stream_granularity = min(info->runs, U32_MAX);
+	else
+		lim.write_stream_granularity = 0;
+
 	ret = queue_limits_commit_update(ns->disk->queue, &lim);
 	if (ret) {
 		blk_mq_unfreeze_queue(ns->disk->queue, memflags);
@@ -2351,6 +2524,8 @@ static int nvme_update_ns_info(struct nvme_ns *ns, struct nvme_ns_info *info)
 			ns->head->disk->flags |= GENHD_FL_HIDDEN;
 		else
 			nvme_init_integrity(ns->head, &lim, info);
+		lim.max_write_streams = ns_lim->max_write_streams;
+		lim.write_stream_granularity = ns_lim->write_stream_granularity;
 		ret = queue_limits_commit_update(ns->head->disk->queue, &lim);
 
 		set_capacity_and_notify(ns->head->disk, get_capacity(ns->disk));
@@ -3108,8 +3283,8 @@ out_unlock:
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int nvme_get_log(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u32 nsid, u8 log_page, u8 lsp, u8 csi,
-		void *log, size_t size, u64 offset)
+static int nvme_get_log_lsi(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u32 nsid, u8 log_page,
+		u8 lsp, u8 csi, void *log, size_t size, u64 offset, u16 lsi)
 {
 	struct nvme_command c = { };
 	u32 dwlen = nvme_bytes_to_numd(size);
@@ -3123,10 +3298,18 @@ int nvme_get_log(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u32 nsid, u8 log_page, u8 lsp, u8 csi,
 	c.get_log_page.lpol = cpu_to_le32(lower_32_bits(offset));
 	c.get_log_page.lpou = cpu_to_le32(upper_32_bits(offset));
 	c.get_log_page.csi = csi;
+	c.get_log_page.lsi = cpu_to_le16(lsi);
 
 	return nvme_submit_sync_cmd(ctrl->admin_q, &c, log, size);
 }
 
+int nvme_get_log(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u32 nsid, u8 log_page, u8 lsp, u8 csi,
+		void *log, size_t size, u64 offset)
+{
+	return nvme_get_log_lsi(ctrl, nsid, log_page, lsp, csi, log, size,
+			offset, 0);
+}
+
 static int nvme_get_effects_log(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, u8 csi,
 				struct nvme_effects_log **log)
 {
@@ -3584,7 +3767,7 @@ static struct nvme_ns_head *nvme_find_ns_head(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 		 */
 		if (h->ns_id != nsid || !nvme_is_unique_nsid(ctrl, h))
 			continue;
-		if (!list_empty(&h->list) && nvme_tryget_ns_head(h))
+		if (nvme_tryget_ns_head(h))
 			return h;
 	}
 
@@ -3828,7 +4011,8 @@ static int nvme_init_ns_head(struct nvme_ns *ns, struct nvme_ns_info *info)
 		}
 	} else {
 		ret = -EINVAL;
-		if (!info->is_shared || !head->shared) {
+		if ((!info->is_shared || !head->shared) &&
+		    !list_empty(&head->list)) {
 			dev_err(ctrl->device,
 				"Duplicate unshared namespace %d\n",
 				info->nsid);
@@ -4032,7 +4216,8 @@ static void nvme_ns_remove(struct nvme_ns *ns)
 	mutex_lock(&ns->ctrl->subsys->lock);
 	list_del_rcu(&ns->siblings);
 	if (list_empty(&ns->head->list)) {
-		list_del_init(&ns->head->entry);
+		if (!nvme_mpath_queue_if_no_path(ns->head))
+			list_del_init(&ns->head->entry);
 		last_path = true;
 	}
 	mutex_unlock(&ns->ctrl->subsys->lock);
@@ -4053,7 +4238,7 @@ static void nvme_ns_remove(struct nvme_ns *ns)
 	synchronize_srcu(&ns->ctrl->srcu);
 
 	if (last_path)
-		nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk(ns->head);
+		nvme_mpath_remove_disk(ns->head);
 	nvme_put_ns(ns);
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/fc.c b/drivers/nvme/host/fc.c
index 2257c3c96dd2..fdafa3e9e66f 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/fc.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/fc.c
@@ -1410,9 +1410,8 @@ nvme_fc_xmt_disconnect_assoc(struct nvme_fc_ctrl *ctrl)
 }
 
 static void
-nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_done(struct nvmefc_ls_rsp *lsrsp)
+nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_free(struct nvmefc_ls_rcv_op *lsop)
 {
-	struct nvmefc_ls_rcv_op *lsop = lsrsp->nvme_fc_private;
 	struct nvme_fc_rport *rport = lsop->rport;
 	struct nvme_fc_lport *lport = rport->lport;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -1434,6 +1433,14 @@ nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_done(struct nvmefc_ls_rsp *lsrsp)
 }
 
 static void
+nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_done(struct nvmefc_ls_rsp *lsrsp)
+{
+	struct nvmefc_ls_rcv_op *lsop = lsrsp->nvme_fc_private;
+
+	nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_free(lsop);
+}
+
+static void
 nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp(struct nvmefc_ls_rcv_op *lsop)
 {
 	struct nvme_fc_rport *rport = lsop->rport;
@@ -1450,7 +1457,7 @@ nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp(struct nvmefc_ls_rcv_op *lsop)
 		dev_warn(lport->dev,
 			"LLDD rejected LS RSP xmt: LS %d status %d\n",
 			w0->ls_cmd, ret);
-		nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_done(lsop->lsrsp);
+		nvme_fc_xmt_ls_rsp_free(lsop);
 		return;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
index cf0ef4745564..878ea8b1a0ac 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/multipath.c
@@ -10,10 +10,61 @@
 #include "nvme.h"
 
 bool multipath = true;
-module_param(multipath, bool, 0444);
+static bool multipath_always_on;
+
+static int multipath_param_set(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+	int ret;
+	bool *arg = kp->arg;
+
+	ret = param_set_bool(val, kp);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (multipath_always_on && !*arg) {
+		pr_err("Can't disable multipath when multipath_always_on is configured.\n");
+		*arg = true;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct kernel_param_ops multipath_param_ops = {
+	.set = multipath_param_set,
+	.get = param_get_bool,
+};
+
+module_param_cb(multipath, &multipath_param_ops, &multipath, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(multipath,
 	"turn on native support for multiple controllers per subsystem");
 
+static int multipath_always_on_set(const char *val,
+		const struct kernel_param *kp)
+{
+	int ret;
+	bool *arg = kp->arg;
+
+	ret = param_set_bool(val, kp);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (*arg)
+		multipath = true;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct kernel_param_ops multipath_always_on_ops = {
+	.set = multipath_always_on_set,
+	.get = param_get_bool,
+};
+
+module_param_cb(multipath_always_on, &multipath_always_on_ops,
+		&multipath_always_on, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(multipath_always_on,
+	"create multipath node always except for private namespace with non-unique nsid; note that this also implicitly enables native multipath support");
+
 static const char *nvme_iopolicy_names[] = {
 	[NVME_IOPOLICY_NUMA]	= "numa",
 	[NVME_IOPOLICY_RR]	= "round-robin",
@@ -442,7 +493,17 @@ static bool nvme_available_path(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * If "head->delayed_removal_secs" is configured (i.e., non-zero), do
+	 * not immediately fail I/O. Instead, requeue the I/O for the configured
+	 * duration, anticipating that if there's a transient link failure then
+	 * it may recover within this time window. This parameter is exported to
+	 * userspace via sysfs, and its default value is zero. It is internally
+	 * mapped to NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH. When delayed_removal_secs is
+	 * non-zero, this flag is set to true. When zero, the flag is cleared.
+	 */
+	return nvme_mpath_queue_if_no_path(head);
 }
 
 static void nvme_ns_head_submit_bio(struct bio *bio)
@@ -617,6 +678,40 @@ static void nvme_requeue_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	}
 }
 
+static void nvme_remove_head(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+{
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE, &head->flags)) {
+		/*
+		 * requeue I/O after NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE has been cleared
+		 * to allow multipath to fail all I/O.
+		 */
+		kblockd_schedule_work(&head->requeue_work);
+
+		nvme_cdev_del(&head->cdev, &head->cdev_device);
+		synchronize_srcu(&head->srcu);
+		del_gendisk(head->disk);
+		nvme_put_ns_head(head);
+	}
+}
+
+static void nvme_remove_head_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct nvme_ns_head *head = container_of(to_delayed_work(work),
+			struct nvme_ns_head, remove_work);
+	bool remove = false;
+
+	mutex_lock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	if (list_empty(&head->list)) {
+		list_del_init(&head->entry);
+		remove = true;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	if (remove)
+		nvme_remove_head(head);
+
+	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
+}
+
 int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 {
 	struct queue_limits lim;
@@ -626,14 +721,25 @@ int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 	spin_lock_init(&head->requeue_lock);
 	INIT_WORK(&head->requeue_work, nvme_requeue_work);
 	INIT_WORK(&head->partition_scan_work, nvme_partition_scan_work);
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&head->remove_work, nvme_remove_head_work);
+	head->delayed_removal_secs = 0;
 
 	/*
-	 * Add a multipath node if the subsystems supports multiple controllers.
-	 * We also do this for private namespaces as the namespace sharing flag
-	 * could change after a rescan.
+	 * If "multipath_always_on" is enabled, a multipath node is added
+	 * regardless of whether the disk is single/multi ported, and whether
+	 * the namespace is shared or private. If "multipath_always_on" is not
+	 * enabled, a multipath node is added only if the subsystem supports
+	 * multiple controllers and the "multipath" option is configured. In
+	 * either case, for private namespaces, we ensure that the NSID is
+	 * unique.
 	 */
-	if (!(ctrl->subsys->cmic & NVME_CTRL_CMIC_MULTI_CTRL) ||
-	    !nvme_is_unique_nsid(ctrl, head) || !multipath)
+	if (!multipath_always_on) {
+		if (!(ctrl->subsys->cmic & NVME_CTRL_CMIC_MULTI_CTRL) ||
+				!multipath)
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!nvme_is_unique_nsid(ctrl, head))
 		return 0;
 
 	blk_set_stacking_limits(&lim);
@@ -660,6 +766,7 @@ int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 	set_bit(GD_SUPPRESS_PART_SCAN, &head->disk->state);
 	sprintf(head->disk->disk_name, "nvme%dn%d",
 			ctrl->subsys->instance, head->instance);
+	nvme_tryget_ns_head(head);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1016,6 +1123,49 @@ static ssize_t numa_nodes_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr
 }
 DEVICE_ATTR_RO(numa_nodes);
 
+static ssize_t delayed_removal_secs_show(struct device *dev,
+		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+	struct nvme_ns_head *head = disk->private_data;
+	int ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	ret = sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", head->delayed_removal_secs);
+	mutex_unlock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t delayed_removal_secs_store(struct device *dev,
+		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+	struct nvme_ns_head *head = disk->private_data;
+	unsigned int sec;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtouint(buf, 0, &sec);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	head->delayed_removal_secs = sec;
+	if (sec)
+		set_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH, &head->flags);
+	else
+		clear_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH, &head->flags);
+	mutex_unlock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	/*
+	 * Ensure that update to NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH is seen
+	 * by its reader.
+	 */
+	synchronize_srcu(&head->srcu);
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+DEVICE_ATTR_RW(delayed_removal_secs);
+
 static int nvme_lookup_ana_group_desc(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 		struct nvme_ana_group_desc *desc, void *data)
 {
@@ -1137,23 +1287,43 @@ void nvme_mpath_add_disk(struct nvme_ns *ns, __le32 anagrpid)
 #endif
 }
 
-void nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 {
-	if (!head->disk)
-		return;
-	if (test_and_clear_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE, &head->flags)) {
-		nvme_cdev_del(&head->cdev, &head->cdev_device);
+	bool remove = false;
+
+	mutex_lock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	/*
+	 * We are called when all paths have been removed, and at that point
+	 * head->list is expected to be empty. However, nvme_remove_ns() and
+	 * nvme_init_ns_head() can run concurrently and so if head->delayed_
+	 * removal_secs is configured, it is possible that by the time we reach
+	 * this point, head->list may no longer be empty. Therefore, we recheck
+	 * head->list here. If it is no longer empty then we skip enqueuing the
+	 * delayed head removal work.
+	 */
+	if (!list_empty(&head->list))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (head->delayed_removal_secs) {
 		/*
-		 * requeue I/O after NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE has been cleared
-		 * to allow multipath to fail all I/O.
+		 * Ensure that no one could remove this module while the head
+		 * remove work is pending.
 		 */
-		synchronize_srcu(&head->srcu);
-		kblockd_schedule_work(&head->requeue_work);
-		del_gendisk(head->disk);
+		if (!try_module_get(THIS_MODULE))
+			goto out;
+		queue_delayed_work(nvme_wq, &head->remove_work,
+				head->delayed_removal_secs * HZ);
+	} else {
+		list_del_init(&head->entry);
+		remove = true;
 	}
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&head->subsys->lock);
+	if (remove)
+		nvme_remove_head(head);
 }
 
-void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+void nvme_mpath_put_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 {
 	if (!head->disk)
 		return;
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
index 8fc4683418a3..ad0c1f834f09 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/nvme.h
@@ -497,6 +497,9 @@ struct nvme_ns_head {
 	struct device		cdev_device;
 
 	struct gendisk		*disk;
+
+	u16			nr_plids;
+	u16			*plids;
 #ifdef CONFIG_NVME_MULTIPATH
 	struct bio_list		requeue_list;
 	spinlock_t		requeue_lock;
@@ -504,7 +507,10 @@ struct nvme_ns_head {
 	struct work_struct	partition_scan_work;
 	struct mutex		lock;
 	unsigned long		flags;
-#define NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE	0
+	struct delayed_work	remove_work;
+	unsigned int		delayed_removal_secs;
+#define NVME_NSHEAD_DISK_LIVE		0
+#define NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH	1
 	struct nvme_ns __rcu	*current_path[];
 #endif
 };
@@ -897,10 +903,10 @@ int __nvme_submit_sync_cmd(struct request_queue *q, struct nvme_command *cmd,
 		int qid, nvme_submit_flags_t flags);
 int nvme_set_features(struct nvme_ctrl *dev, unsigned int fid,
 		      unsigned int dword11, void *buffer, size_t buflen,
-		      u32 *result);
+		      void *result);
 int nvme_get_features(struct nvme_ctrl *dev, unsigned int fid,
 		      unsigned int dword11, void *buffer, size_t buflen,
-		      u32 *result);
+		      void *result);
 int nvme_set_queue_count(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, int *count);
 void nvme_stop_keep_alive(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
 int nvme_reset_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
@@ -961,7 +967,7 @@ int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,struct nvme_ns_head *head);
 void nvme_mpath_add_sysfs_link(struct nvme_ns_head *ns);
 void nvme_mpath_remove_sysfs_link(struct nvme_ns *ns);
 void nvme_mpath_add_disk(struct nvme_ns *ns, __le32 anagrpid);
-void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head);
+void nvme_mpath_put_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head);
 int nvme_mpath_init_identify(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvme_id_ctrl *id);
 void nvme_mpath_init_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
 void nvme_mpath_update(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
@@ -970,7 +976,7 @@ void nvme_mpath_stop(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
 bool nvme_mpath_clear_current_path(struct nvme_ns *ns);
 void nvme_mpath_revalidate_paths(struct nvme_ns *ns);
 void nvme_mpath_clear_ctrl_paths(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl);
-void nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head);
+void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head);
 void nvme_mpath_start_request(struct request *rq);
 void nvme_mpath_end_request(struct request *rq);
 
@@ -987,12 +993,19 @@ extern struct device_attribute dev_attr_ana_grpid;
 extern struct device_attribute dev_attr_ana_state;
 extern struct device_attribute dev_attr_queue_depth;
 extern struct device_attribute dev_attr_numa_nodes;
+extern struct device_attribute dev_attr_delayed_removal_secs;
 extern struct device_attribute subsys_attr_iopolicy;
 
 static inline bool nvme_disk_is_ns_head(struct gendisk *disk)
 {
 	return disk->fops == &nvme_ns_head_ops;
 }
+static inline bool nvme_mpath_queue_if_no_path(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+{
+	if (test_bit(NVME_NSHEAD_QUEUE_IF_NO_PATH, &head->flags))
+		return true;
+	return false;
+}
 #else
 #define multipath false
 static inline bool nvme_ctrl_use_ana(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
@@ -1013,7 +1026,7 @@ static inline int nvme_mpath_alloc_disk(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl,
 static inline void nvme_mpath_add_disk(struct nvme_ns *ns, __le32 anagrpid)
 {
 }
-static inline void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+static inline void nvme_mpath_put_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 {
 }
 static inline void nvme_mpath_add_sysfs_link(struct nvme_ns *ns)
@@ -1032,7 +1045,7 @@ static inline void nvme_mpath_revalidate_paths(struct nvme_ns *ns)
 static inline void nvme_mpath_clear_ctrl_paths(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
 {
 }
-static inline void nvme_mpath_shutdown_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+static inline void nvme_mpath_remove_disk(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
 {
 }
 static inline void nvme_trace_bio_complete(struct request *req)
@@ -1080,6 +1093,10 @@ static inline bool nvme_disk_is_ns_head(struct gendisk *disk)
 {
 	return false;
 }
+static inline bool nvme_mpath_queue_if_no_path(struct nvme_ns_head *head)
+{
+	return false;
+}
 #endif /* CONFIG_NVME_MULTIPATH */
 
 int nvme_ns_get_unique_id(struct nvme_ns *ns, u8 id[16],
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c b/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
index f1dd804151b1..e0bfe04a2bc2 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/nodemask.h>
 #include <linux/once.h>
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/suspend.h>
@@ -34,16 +35,31 @@
 #define SQ_SIZE(q)	((q)->q_depth << (q)->sqes)
 #define CQ_SIZE(q)	((q)->q_depth * sizeof(struct nvme_completion))
 
-#define SGES_PER_PAGE	(NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct nvme_sgl_desc))
+/* Optimisation for I/Os between 4k and 128k */
+#define NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE	256
 
 /*
  * These can be higher, but we need to ensure that any command doesn't
  * require an sg allocation that needs more than a page of data.
  */
 #define NVME_MAX_KB_SZ	8192
-#define NVME_MAX_SEGS	128
-#define NVME_MAX_META_SEGS 15
-#define NVME_MAX_NR_ALLOCATIONS	5
+#define NVME_MAX_NR_DESCRIPTORS	5
+
+/*
+ * For data SGLs we support a single descriptors worth of SGL entries, but for
+ * now we also limit it to avoid an allocation larger than PAGE_SIZE for the
+ * scatterlist.
+ */
+#define NVME_MAX_SEGS \
+	min(NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct nvme_sgl_desc), \
+	    (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct scatterlist)))
+
+/*
+ * For metadata SGLs, only the small descriptor is supported, and the first
+ * entry is the segment descriptor, which for the data pointer sits in the SQE.
+ */
+#define NVME_MAX_META_SEGS \
+	((NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE / sizeof(struct nvme_sgl_desc)) - 1)
 
 static int use_threaded_interrupts;
 module_param(use_threaded_interrupts, int, 0444);
@@ -112,6 +128,11 @@ static void nvme_dev_disable(struct nvme_dev *dev, bool shutdown);
 static void nvme_delete_io_queues(struct nvme_dev *dev);
 static void nvme_update_attrs(struct nvme_dev *dev);
 
+struct nvme_descriptor_pools {
+	struct dma_pool *large;
+	struct dma_pool *small;
+};
+
 /*
  * Represents an NVM Express device.  Each nvme_dev is a PCI function.
  */
@@ -121,8 +142,6 @@ struct nvme_dev {
 	struct blk_mq_tag_set admin_tagset;
 	u32 __iomem *dbs;
 	struct device *dev;
-	struct dma_pool *prp_page_pool;
-	struct dma_pool *prp_small_pool;
 	unsigned online_queues;
 	unsigned max_qid;
 	unsigned io_queues[HCTX_MAX_TYPES];
@@ -162,6 +181,7 @@ struct nvme_dev {
 	unsigned int nr_allocated_queues;
 	unsigned int nr_write_queues;
 	unsigned int nr_poll_queues;
+	struct nvme_descriptor_pools descriptor_pools[];
 };
 
 static int io_queue_depth_set(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *kp)
@@ -191,6 +211,7 @@ static inline struct nvme_dev *to_nvme_dev(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
  */
 struct nvme_queue {
 	struct nvme_dev *dev;
+	struct nvme_descriptor_pools descriptor_pools;
 	spinlock_t sq_lock;
 	void *sq_cmds;
 	 /* only used for poll queues: */
@@ -219,30 +240,30 @@ struct nvme_queue {
 	struct completion delete_done;
 };
 
-union nvme_descriptor {
-	struct nvme_sgl_desc	*sg_list;
-	__le64			*prp_list;
+/* bits for iod->flags */
+enum nvme_iod_flags {
+	/* this command has been aborted by the timeout handler */
+	IOD_ABORTED		= 1U << 0,
+
+	/* uses the small descriptor pool */
+	IOD_SMALL_DESCRIPTOR		= 1U << 1,
 };
 
 /*
  * The nvme_iod describes the data in an I/O.
- *
- * The sg pointer contains the list of PRP/SGL chunk allocations in addition
- * to the actual struct scatterlist.
  */
 struct nvme_iod {
 	struct nvme_request req;
 	struct nvme_command cmd;
-	bool aborted;
-	s8 nr_allocations;	/* PRP list pool allocations. 0 means small
-				   pool in use */
+	u8 flags;
+	u8 nr_descriptors;
 	unsigned int dma_len;	/* length of single DMA segment mapping */
 	dma_addr_t first_dma;
 	dma_addr_t meta_dma;
 	struct sg_table sgt;
 	struct sg_table meta_sgt;
-	union nvme_descriptor meta_list;
-	union nvme_descriptor list[NVME_MAX_NR_ALLOCATIONS];
+	struct nvme_sgl_desc *meta_descriptor;
+	void *descriptors[NVME_MAX_NR_DESCRIPTORS];
 };
 
 static inline unsigned int nvme_dbbuf_size(struct nvme_dev *dev)
@@ -397,30 +418,78 @@ static __always_inline int nvme_pci_npages_prp(void)
 	return DIV_ROUND_UP(8 * nprps, NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE - 8);
 }
 
-static int nvme_admin_init_hctx(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
-				unsigned int hctx_idx)
+static struct nvme_descriptor_pools *
+nvme_setup_descriptor_pools(struct nvme_dev *dev, unsigned numa_node)
 {
-	struct nvme_dev *dev = to_nvme_dev(data);
-	struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = &dev->queues[0];
+	struct nvme_descriptor_pools *pools = &dev->descriptor_pools[numa_node];
+	size_t small_align = NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE;
 
-	WARN_ON(hctx_idx != 0);
-	WARN_ON(dev->admin_tagset.tags[0] != hctx->tags);
+	if (pools->small)
+		return pools; /* already initialized */
 
-	hctx->driver_data = nvmeq;
-	return 0;
+	pools->large = dma_pool_create_node("nvme descriptor page", dev->dev,
+			NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE, NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE, 0, numa_node);
+	if (!pools->large)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	if (dev->ctrl.quirks & NVME_QUIRK_DMAPOOL_ALIGN_512)
+		small_align = 512;
+
+	pools->small = dma_pool_create_node("nvme descriptor small", dev->dev,
+			NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE, small_align, 0, numa_node);
+	if (!pools->small) {
+		dma_pool_destroy(pools->large);
+		pools->large = NULL;
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
+
+	return pools;
 }
 
-static int nvme_init_hctx(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
-			  unsigned int hctx_idx)
+static void nvme_release_descriptor_pools(struct nvme_dev *dev)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_node_ids; i++) {
+		struct nvme_descriptor_pools *pools = &dev->descriptor_pools[i];
+
+		dma_pool_destroy(pools->large);
+		dma_pool_destroy(pools->small);
+	}
+}
+
+static int nvme_init_hctx_common(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
+		unsigned qid)
 {
 	struct nvme_dev *dev = to_nvme_dev(data);
-	struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = &dev->queues[hctx_idx + 1];
+	struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = &dev->queues[qid];
+	struct nvme_descriptor_pools *pools;
+	struct blk_mq_tags *tags;
+
+	tags = qid ? dev->tagset.tags[qid - 1] : dev->admin_tagset.tags[0];
+	WARN_ON(tags != hctx->tags);
+	pools = nvme_setup_descriptor_pools(dev, hctx->numa_node);
+	if (IS_ERR(pools))
+		return PTR_ERR(pools);
 
-	WARN_ON(dev->tagset.tags[hctx_idx] != hctx->tags);
+	nvmeq->descriptor_pools = *pools;
 	hctx->driver_data = nvmeq;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int nvme_admin_init_hctx(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
+				unsigned int hctx_idx)
+{
+	WARN_ON(hctx_idx != 0);
+	return nvme_init_hctx_common(hctx, data, 0);
+}
+
+static int nvme_init_hctx(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, void *data,
+			     unsigned int hctx_idx)
+{
+	return nvme_init_hctx_common(hctx, data, hctx_idx + 1);
+}
+
 static int nvme_pci_init_request(struct blk_mq_tag_set *set,
 		struct request *req, unsigned int hctx_idx,
 		unsigned int numa_node)
@@ -537,23 +606,39 @@ static inline bool nvme_pci_use_sgls(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req,
 	return true;
 }
 
-static void nvme_free_prps(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
+static inline struct dma_pool *nvme_dma_pool(struct nvme_queue *nvmeq,
+		struct nvme_iod *iod)
+{
+	if (iod->flags & IOD_SMALL_DESCRIPTOR)
+		return nvmeq->descriptor_pools.small;
+	return nvmeq->descriptor_pools.large;
+}
+
+static void nvme_free_descriptors(struct nvme_queue *nvmeq, struct request *req)
 {
 	const int last_prp = NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(__le64) - 1;
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 	dma_addr_t dma_addr = iod->first_dma;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < iod->nr_allocations; i++) {
-		__le64 *prp_list = iod->list[i].prp_list;
+	if (iod->nr_descriptors == 1) {
+		dma_pool_free(nvme_dma_pool(nvmeq, iod), iod->descriptors[0],
+				dma_addr);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < iod->nr_descriptors; i++) {
+		__le64 *prp_list = iod->descriptors[i];
 		dma_addr_t next_dma_addr = le64_to_cpu(prp_list[last_prp]);
 
-		dma_pool_free(dev->prp_page_pool, prp_list, dma_addr);
+		dma_pool_free(nvmeq->descriptor_pools.large, prp_list,
+				dma_addr);
 		dma_addr = next_dma_addr;
 	}
 }
 
-static void nvme_unmap_data(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
+static void nvme_unmap_data(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct nvme_queue *nvmeq,
+			    struct request *req)
 {
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 
@@ -566,15 +651,7 @@ static void nvme_unmap_data(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!iod->sgt.nents);
 
 	dma_unmap_sgtable(dev->dev, &iod->sgt, rq_dma_dir(req), 0);
-
-	if (iod->nr_allocations == 0)
-		dma_pool_free(dev->prp_small_pool, iod->list[0].sg_list,
-			      iod->first_dma);
-	else if (iod->nr_allocations == 1)
-		dma_pool_free(dev->prp_page_pool, iod->list[0].sg_list,
-			      iod->first_dma);
-	else
-		nvme_free_prps(dev, req);
+	nvme_free_descriptors(nvmeq, req);
 	mempool_free(iod->sgt.sgl, dev->iod_mempool);
 }
 
@@ -592,11 +669,10 @@ static void nvme_print_sgl(struct scatterlist *sgl, int nents)
 	}
 }
 
-static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_prps(struct nvme_dev *dev,
+static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_prps(struct nvme_queue *nvmeq,
 		struct request *req, struct nvme_rw_command *cmnd)
 {
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
-	struct dma_pool *pool;
 	int length = blk_rq_payload_bytes(req);
 	struct scatterlist *sg = iod->sgt.sgl;
 	int dma_len = sg_dma_len(sg);
@@ -604,7 +680,7 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_prps(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 	int offset = dma_addr & (NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE - 1);
 	__le64 *prp_list;
 	dma_addr_t prp_dma;
-	int nprps, i;
+	int i;
 
 	length -= (NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE - offset);
 	if (length <= 0) {
@@ -626,30 +702,26 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_prps(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 		goto done;
 	}
 
-	nprps = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE);
-	if (nprps <= (256 / 8)) {
-		pool = dev->prp_small_pool;
-		iod->nr_allocations = 0;
-	} else {
-		pool = dev->prp_page_pool;
-		iod->nr_allocations = 1;
-	}
+	if (DIV_ROUND_UP(length, NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE) <=
+	    NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE / sizeof(__le64))
+		iod->flags |= IOD_SMALL_DESCRIPTOR;
 
-	prp_list = dma_pool_alloc(pool, GFP_ATOMIC, &prp_dma);
-	if (!prp_list) {
-		iod->nr_allocations = -1;
+	prp_list = dma_pool_alloc(nvme_dma_pool(nvmeq, iod), GFP_ATOMIC,
+			&prp_dma);
+	if (!prp_list)
 		return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
-	}
-	iod->list[0].prp_list = prp_list;
+	iod->descriptors[iod->nr_descriptors++] = prp_list;
 	iod->first_dma = prp_dma;
 	i = 0;
 	for (;;) {
 		if (i == NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE >> 3) {
 			__le64 *old_prp_list = prp_list;
-			prp_list = dma_pool_alloc(pool, GFP_ATOMIC, &prp_dma);
+
+			prp_list = dma_pool_alloc(nvmeq->descriptor_pools.large,
+					GFP_ATOMIC, &prp_dma);
 			if (!prp_list)
 				goto free_prps;
-			iod->list[iod->nr_allocations++].prp_list = prp_list;
+			iod->descriptors[iod->nr_descriptors++] = prp_list;
 			prp_list[0] = old_prp_list[i - 1];
 			old_prp_list[i - 1] = cpu_to_le64(prp_dma);
 			i = 1;
@@ -673,7 +745,7 @@ done:
 	cmnd->dptr.prp2 = cpu_to_le64(iod->first_dma);
 	return BLK_STS_OK;
 free_prps:
-	nvme_free_prps(dev, req);
+	nvme_free_descriptors(nvmeq, req);
 	return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
 bad_sgl:
 	WARN(DO_ONCE(nvme_print_sgl, iod->sgt.sgl, iod->sgt.nents),
@@ -698,11 +770,10 @@ static void nvme_pci_sgl_set_seg(struct nvme_sgl_desc *sge,
 	sge->type = NVME_SGL_FMT_LAST_SEG_DESC << 4;
 }
 
-static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_sgls(struct nvme_dev *dev,
+static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_sgls(struct nvme_queue *nvmeq,
 		struct request *req, struct nvme_rw_command *cmd)
 {
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
-	struct dma_pool *pool;
 	struct nvme_sgl_desc *sg_list;
 	struct scatterlist *sg = iod->sgt.sgl;
 	unsigned int entries = iod->sgt.nents;
@@ -717,21 +788,14 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_sgls(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 		return BLK_STS_OK;
 	}
 
-	if (entries <= (256 / sizeof(struct nvme_sgl_desc))) {
-		pool = dev->prp_small_pool;
-		iod->nr_allocations = 0;
-	} else {
-		pool = dev->prp_page_pool;
-		iod->nr_allocations = 1;
-	}
+	if (entries <= NVME_SMALL_POOL_SIZE / sizeof(*sg_list))
+		iod->flags |= IOD_SMALL_DESCRIPTOR;
 
-	sg_list = dma_pool_alloc(pool, GFP_ATOMIC, &sgl_dma);
-	if (!sg_list) {
-		iod->nr_allocations = -1;
+	sg_list = dma_pool_alloc(nvme_dma_pool(nvmeq, iod), GFP_ATOMIC,
+			&sgl_dma);
+	if (!sg_list)
 		return BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
-	}
-
-	iod->list[0].sg_list = sg_list;
+	iod->descriptors[iod->nr_descriptors++] = sg_list;
 	iod->first_dma = sgl_dma;
 
 	nvme_pci_sgl_set_seg(&cmd->dptr.sgl, sgl_dma, entries);
@@ -785,12 +849,12 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_setup_sgl_simple(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 static blk_status_t nvme_map_data(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req,
 		struct nvme_command *cmnd)
 {
+	struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = req->mq_hctx->driver_data;
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 	blk_status_t ret = BLK_STS_RESOURCE;
 	int rc;
 
 	if (blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req) == 1) {
-		struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = req->mq_hctx->driver_data;
 		struct bio_vec bv = req_bvec(req);
 
 		if (!is_pci_p2pdma_page(bv.bv_page)) {
@@ -825,9 +889,9 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_map_data(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req,
 	}
 
 	if (nvme_pci_use_sgls(dev, req, iod->sgt.nents))
-		ret = nvme_pci_setup_sgls(dev, req, &cmnd->rw);
+		ret = nvme_pci_setup_sgls(nvmeq, req, &cmnd->rw);
 	else
-		ret = nvme_pci_setup_prps(dev, req, &cmnd->rw);
+		ret = nvme_pci_setup_prps(nvmeq, req, &cmnd->rw);
 	if (ret != BLK_STS_OK)
 		goto out_unmap_sg;
 	return BLK_STS_OK;
@@ -842,6 +906,7 @@ out_free_sg:
 static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_meta_sgls(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 					     struct request *req)
 {
+	struct nvme_queue *nvmeq = req->mq_hctx->driver_data;
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 	struct nvme_rw_command *cmnd = &iod->cmd.rw;
 	struct nvme_sgl_desc *sg_list;
@@ -865,12 +930,13 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_meta_sgls(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 	if (rc)
 		goto out_free_sg;
 
-	sg_list = dma_pool_alloc(dev->prp_small_pool, GFP_ATOMIC, &sgl_dma);
+	sg_list = dma_pool_alloc(nvmeq->descriptor_pools.small, GFP_ATOMIC,
+			&sgl_dma);
 	if (!sg_list)
 		goto out_unmap_sg;
 
 	entries = iod->meta_sgt.nents;
-	iod->meta_list.sg_list = sg_list;
+	iod->meta_descriptor = sg_list;
 	iod->meta_dma = sgl_dma;
 
 	cmnd->flags = NVME_CMD_SGL_METASEG;
@@ -912,7 +978,10 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_pci_setup_meta_mptr(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 
 static blk_status_t nvme_map_metadata(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
 {
-	if (nvme_pci_metadata_use_sgls(dev, req))
+	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
+
+	if ((iod->cmd.common.flags & NVME_CMD_SGL_METABUF) &&
+	    nvme_pci_metadata_use_sgls(dev, req))
 		return nvme_pci_setup_meta_sgls(dev, req);
 	return nvme_pci_setup_meta_mptr(dev, req);
 }
@@ -922,8 +991,8 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_prep_rq(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
 	blk_status_t ret;
 
-	iod->aborted = false;
-	iod->nr_allocations = -1;
+	iod->flags = 0;
+	iod->nr_descriptors = 0;
 	iod->sgt.nents = 0;
 	iod->meta_sgt.nents = 0;
 
@@ -947,7 +1016,7 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_prep_rq(struct nvme_dev *dev, struct request *req)
 	return BLK_STS_OK;
 out_unmap_data:
 	if (blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req))
-		nvme_unmap_data(dev, req);
+		nvme_unmap_data(dev, req->mq_hctx->driver_data, req);
 out_free_cmd:
 	nvme_cleanup_cmd(req);
 	return ret;
@@ -1037,6 +1106,7 @@ static void nvme_queue_rqs(struct rq_list *rqlist)
 }
 
 static __always_inline void nvme_unmap_metadata(struct nvme_dev *dev,
+						struct nvme_queue *nvmeq,
 						struct request *req)
 {
 	struct nvme_iod *iod = blk_mq_rq_to_pdu(req);
@@ -1048,8 +1118,8 @@ static __always_inline void nvme_unmap_metadata(struct nvme_dev *dev,
 		return;
 	}
 
-	dma_pool_free(dev->prp_small_pool, iod->meta_list.sg_list,
-		      iod->meta_dma);
+	dma_pool_free(nvmeq->descriptor_pools.small, iod->meta_descriptor,
+			iod->meta_dma);
 	dma_unmap_sgtable(dev->dev, &iod->meta_sgt, rq_dma_dir(req), 0);
 	mempool_free(iod->meta_sgt.sgl, dev->iod_meta_mempool);
 }
@@ -1060,10 +1130,10 @@ static __always_inline void nvme_pci_unmap_rq(struct request *req)
 	struct nvme_dev *dev = nvmeq->dev;
 
 	if (blk_integrity_rq(req))
-		nvme_unmap_metadata(dev, req);
+		nvme_unmap_metadata(dev, nvmeq, req);
 
 	if (blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req))
-		nvme_unmap_data(dev, req);
+		nvme_unmap_data(dev, nvmeq, req);
 }
 
 static void nvme_pci_complete_rq(struct request *req)
@@ -1490,7 +1560,7 @@ static enum blk_eh_timer_return nvme_timeout(struct request *req)
 	 * returned to the driver, or if this is the admin queue.
 	 */
 	opcode = nvme_req(req)->cmd->common.opcode;
-	if (!nvmeq->qid || iod->aborted) {
+	if (!nvmeq->qid || (iod->flags & IOD_ABORTED)) {
 		dev_warn(dev->ctrl.device,
 			 "I/O tag %d (%04x) opcode %#x (%s) QID %d timeout, reset controller\n",
 			 req->tag, nvme_cid(req), opcode,
@@ -1503,7 +1573,7 @@ static enum blk_eh_timer_return nvme_timeout(struct request *req)
 		atomic_inc(&dev->ctrl.abort_limit);
 		return BLK_EH_RESET_TIMER;
 	}
-	iod->aborted = true;
+	iod->flags |= IOD_ABORTED;
 
 	cmd.abort.opcode = nvme_admin_abort_cmd;
 	cmd.abort.cid = nvme_cid(req);
@@ -2842,35 +2912,6 @@ static int nvme_disable_prepare_reset(struct nvme_dev *dev, bool shutdown)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int nvme_setup_prp_pools(struct nvme_dev *dev)
-{
-	size_t small_align = 256;
-
-	dev->prp_page_pool = dma_pool_create("prp list page", dev->dev,
-						NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE,
-						NVME_CTRL_PAGE_SIZE, 0);
-	if (!dev->prp_page_pool)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	if (dev->ctrl.quirks & NVME_QUIRK_DMAPOOL_ALIGN_512)
-		small_align = 512;
-
-	/* Optimisation for I/Os between 4k and 128k */
-	dev->prp_small_pool = dma_pool_create("prp list 256", dev->dev,
-						256, small_align, 0);
-	if (!dev->prp_small_pool) {
-		dma_pool_destroy(dev->prp_page_pool);
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void nvme_release_prp_pools(struct nvme_dev *dev)
-{
-	dma_pool_destroy(dev->prp_page_pool);
-	dma_pool_destroy(dev->prp_small_pool);
-}
-
 static int nvme_pci_alloc_iod_mempool(struct nvme_dev *dev)
 {
 	size_t meta_size = sizeof(struct scatterlist) * (NVME_MAX_META_SEGS + 1);
@@ -3185,7 +3226,8 @@ static struct nvme_dev *nvme_pci_alloc_dev(struct pci_dev *pdev,
 	struct nvme_dev *dev;
 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
 
-	dev = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL, node);
+	dev = kzalloc_node(struct_size(dev, descriptor_pools, nr_node_ids),
+			GFP_KERNEL, node);
 	if (!dev)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 	INIT_WORK(&dev->ctrl.reset_work, nvme_reset_work);
@@ -3260,13 +3302,9 @@ static int nvme_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
 	if (result)
 		goto out_uninit_ctrl;
 
-	result = nvme_setup_prp_pools(dev);
-	if (result)
-		goto out_dev_unmap;
-
 	result = nvme_pci_alloc_iod_mempool(dev);
 	if (result)
-		goto out_release_prp_pools;
+		goto out_dev_unmap;
 
 	dev_info(dev->ctrl.device, "pci function %s\n", dev_name(&pdev->dev));
 
@@ -3342,8 +3380,6 @@ out_disable:
 out_release_iod_mempool:
 	mempool_destroy(dev->iod_mempool);
 	mempool_destroy(dev->iod_meta_mempool);
-out_release_prp_pools:
-	nvme_release_prp_pools(dev);
 out_dev_unmap:
 	nvme_dev_unmap(dev);
 out_uninit_ctrl:
@@ -3408,7 +3444,7 @@ static void nvme_remove(struct pci_dev *pdev)
 	nvme_free_queues(dev, 0);
 	mempool_destroy(dev->iod_mempool);
 	mempool_destroy(dev->iod_meta_mempool);
-	nvme_release_prp_pools(dev);
+	nvme_release_descriptor_pools(dev);
 	nvme_dev_unmap(dev);
 	nvme_uninit_ctrl(&dev->ctrl);
 }
@@ -3809,9 +3845,7 @@ static int __init nvme_init(void)
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct nvme_create_sq) != 64);
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct nvme_delete_queue) != 64);
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(IRQ_AFFINITY_MAX_SETS < 2);
-	BUILD_BUG_ON(NVME_MAX_SEGS > SGES_PER_PAGE);
-	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct scatterlist) * NVME_MAX_SEGS > PAGE_SIZE);
-	BUILD_BUG_ON(nvme_pci_npages_prp() > NVME_MAX_NR_ALLOCATIONS);
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(nvme_pci_npages_prp() > NVME_MAX_NR_DESCRIPTORS);
 
 	return pci_register_driver(&nvme_driver);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/sysfs.c b/drivers/nvme/host/sysfs.c
index a5bc3bb483d5..29430949ce2f 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/sysfs.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/sysfs.c
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ static struct attribute *nvme_ns_attrs[] = {
 	&dev_attr_ana_state.attr,
 	&dev_attr_queue_depth.attr,
 	&dev_attr_numa_nodes.attr,
+	&dev_attr_delayed_removal_secs.attr,
 #endif
 	&dev_attr_io_passthru_err_log_enabled.attr,
 	NULL,
@@ -296,6 +297,12 @@ static umode_t nvme_ns_attrs_are_visible(struct kobject *kobj,
 		if (nvme_disk_is_ns_head(dev_to_disk(dev)))
 			return 0;
 	}
+	if (a == &dev_attr_delayed_removal_secs.attr) {
+		struct gendisk *disk = dev_to_disk(dev);
+
+		if (!nvme_disk_is_ns_head(disk))
+			return 0;
+	}
 #endif
 	return a->mode;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c b/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
index aba365f97cf6..853bc67d045c 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ static inline bool nvme_tcp_queue_more(struct nvme_tcp_queue *queue)
 }
 
 static inline void nvme_tcp_queue_request(struct nvme_tcp_request *req,
-		bool sync, bool last)
+		bool last)
 {
 	struct nvme_tcp_queue *queue = req->queue;
 	bool empty;
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ static inline void nvme_tcp_queue_request(struct nvme_tcp_request *req,
 	 * are on the same cpu, so we don't introduce contention.
 	 */
 	if (queue->io_cpu == raw_smp_processor_id() &&
-	    sync && empty && mutex_trylock(&queue->send_mutex)) {
+	    empty && mutex_trylock(&queue->send_mutex)) {
 		nvme_tcp_send_all(queue);
 		mutex_unlock(&queue->send_mutex);
 	}
@@ -770,7 +770,9 @@ static int nvme_tcp_handle_r2t(struct nvme_tcp_queue *queue,
 	req->ttag = pdu->ttag;
 
 	nvme_tcp_setup_h2c_data_pdu(req);
-	nvme_tcp_queue_request(req, false, true);
+
+	llist_add(&req->lentry, &queue->req_list);
+	queue_work_on(queue->io_cpu, nvme_tcp_wq, &queue->io_work);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -2385,7 +2387,7 @@ static int nvme_tcp_setup_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl, bool new)
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	if (ctrl->opts && ctrl->opts->concat && !ctrl->tls_pskid) {
+	if (ctrl->opts->concat && !ctrl->tls_pskid) {
 		/* See comments for nvme_tcp_key_revoke_needed() */
 		dev_dbg(ctrl->device, "restart admin queue for secure concatenation\n");
 		nvme_stop_keep_alive(ctrl);
@@ -2637,7 +2639,7 @@ static void nvme_tcp_submit_async_event(struct nvme_ctrl *arg)
 	ctrl->async_req.curr_bio = NULL;
 	ctrl->async_req.data_len = 0;
 
-	nvme_tcp_queue_request(&ctrl->async_req, true, true);
+	nvme_tcp_queue_request(&ctrl->async_req, true);
 }
 
 static void nvme_tcp_complete_timed_out(struct request *rq)
@@ -2789,7 +2791,7 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_tcp_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
 
 	nvme_start_request(rq);
 
-	nvme_tcp_queue_request(req, true, bd->last);
+	nvme_tcp_queue_request(req, bd->last);
 
 	return BLK_STS_OK;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/admin-cmd.c b/drivers/nvme/target/admin-cmd.c
index acc138bbf8f2..c7317299078d 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/admin-cmd.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/admin-cmd.c
@@ -63,14 +63,9 @@ static void nvmet_execute_create_sq(struct nvmet_req *req)
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		goto complete;
 
-	/*
-	 * Note: The NVMe specification allows multiple SQs to use the same CQ.
-	 * However, the target code does not really support that. So for now,
-	 * prevent this and fail the command if sqid and cqid are different.
-	 */
-	if (!cqid || cqid != sqid) {
-		pr_err("SQ %u: Unsupported CQID %u\n", sqid, cqid);
-		status = NVME_SC_CQ_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+	status = nvmet_check_io_cqid(ctrl, cqid, false);
+	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS) {
+		pr_err("SQ %u: Invalid CQID %u\n", sqid, cqid);
 		goto complete;
 	}
 
@@ -79,7 +74,7 @@ static void nvmet_execute_create_sq(struct nvmet_req *req)
 		goto complete;
 	}
 
-	status = ctrl->ops->create_sq(ctrl, sqid, sq_flags, qsize, prp1);
+	status = ctrl->ops->create_sq(ctrl, sqid, cqid, sq_flags, qsize, prp1);
 
 complete:
 	nvmet_req_complete(req, status);
@@ -96,14 +91,15 @@ static void nvmet_execute_delete_cq(struct nvmet_req *req)
 		goto complete;
 	}
 
-	if (!cqid) {
-		status = NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+	status = nvmet_check_io_cqid(ctrl, cqid, false);
+	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		goto complete;
-	}
 
-	status = nvmet_check_cqid(ctrl, cqid);
-	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
+	if (!ctrl->cqs[cqid] || nvmet_cq_in_use(ctrl->cqs[cqid])) {
+		/* Some SQs are still using this CQ */
+		status = NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 		goto complete;
+	}
 
 	status = ctrl->ops->delete_cq(ctrl, cqid);
 
@@ -127,12 +123,7 @@ static void nvmet_execute_create_cq(struct nvmet_req *req)
 		goto complete;
 	}
 
-	if (!cqid) {
-		status = NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
-		goto complete;
-	}
-
-	status = nvmet_check_cqid(ctrl, cqid);
+	status = nvmet_check_io_cqid(ctrl, cqid, true);
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		goto complete;
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/auth.c b/drivers/nvme/target/auth.c
index 9429b8218408..b340380f3892 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/auth.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/auth.c
@@ -280,9 +280,12 @@ void nvmet_destroy_auth(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl)
 
 bool nvmet_check_auth_status(struct nvmet_req *req)
 {
-	if (req->sq->ctrl->host_key &&
-	    !req->sq->authenticated)
-		return false;
+	if (req->sq->ctrl->host_key) {
+		if (req->sq->qid > 0)
+			return true;
+		if (!req->sq->authenticated)
+			return false;
+	}
 	return true;
 }
 
@@ -290,7 +293,7 @@ int nvmet_auth_host_hash(struct nvmet_req *req, u8 *response,
 			 unsigned int shash_len)
 {
 	struct crypto_shash *shash_tfm;
-	struct shash_desc *shash;
+	SHASH_DESC_ON_STACK(shash, shash_tfm);
 	struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl = req->sq->ctrl;
 	const char *hash_name;
 	u8 *challenge = req->sq->dhchap_c1;
@@ -342,19 +345,13 @@ int nvmet_auth_host_hash(struct nvmet_req *req, u8 *response,
 						    req->sq->dhchap_c1,
 						    challenge, shash_len);
 		if (ret)
-			goto out_free_challenge;
+			goto out;
 	}
 
 	pr_debug("ctrl %d qid %d host response seq %u transaction %d\n",
 		 ctrl->cntlid, req->sq->qid, req->sq->dhchap_s1,
 		 req->sq->dhchap_tid);
 
-	shash = kzalloc(sizeof(*shash) + crypto_shash_descsize(shash_tfm),
-			GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!shash) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out_free_challenge;
-	}
 	shash->tfm = shash_tfm;
 	ret = crypto_shash_init(shash);
 	if (ret)
@@ -389,8 +386,6 @@ int nvmet_auth_host_hash(struct nvmet_req *req, u8 *response,
 		goto out;
 	ret = crypto_shash_final(shash, response);
 out:
-	kfree(shash);
-out_free_challenge:
 	if (challenge != req->sq->dhchap_c1)
 		kfree(challenge);
 out_free_response:
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/core.c b/drivers/nvme/target/core.c
index 245475c43127..db7b17d1094e 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/core.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/core.c
@@ -813,11 +813,43 @@ void nvmet_req_complete(struct nvmet_req *req, u16 status)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvmet_req_complete);
 
+void nvmet_cq_init(struct nvmet_cq *cq)
+{
+	refcount_set(&cq->ref, 1);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvmet_cq_init);
+
+bool nvmet_cq_get(struct nvmet_cq *cq)
+{
+	return refcount_inc_not_zero(&cq->ref);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvmet_cq_get);
+
+void nvmet_cq_put(struct nvmet_cq *cq)
+{
+	if (refcount_dec_and_test(&cq->ref))
+		nvmet_cq_destroy(cq);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvmet_cq_put);
+
 void nvmet_cq_setup(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_cq *cq,
 		u16 qid, u16 size)
 {
 	cq->qid = qid;
 	cq->size = size;
+
+	ctrl->cqs[qid] = cq;
+}
+
+void nvmet_cq_destroy(struct nvmet_cq *cq)
+{
+	struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl = cq->ctrl;
+
+	if (ctrl) {
+		ctrl->cqs[cq->qid] = NULL;
+		nvmet_ctrl_put(cq->ctrl);
+		cq->ctrl = NULL;
+	}
 }
 
 void nvmet_sq_setup(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
@@ -837,37 +869,47 @@ static void nvmet_confirm_sq(struct percpu_ref *ref)
 	complete(&sq->confirm_done);
 }
 
-u16 nvmet_check_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid)
+u16 nvmet_check_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid, bool create)
 {
-	if (!ctrl->sqs)
+	if (!ctrl->cqs)
 		return NVME_SC_INTERNAL | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 
 	if (cqid > ctrl->subsys->max_qid)
 		return NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 
-	/*
-	 * Note: For PCI controllers, the NVMe specifications allows multiple
-	 * SQs to share a single CQ. However, we do not support this yet, so
-	 * check that there is no SQ defined for a CQ. If one exist, then the
-	 * CQ ID is invalid for creation as well as when the CQ is being
-	 * deleted (as that would mean that the SQ was not deleted before the
-	 * CQ).
-	 */
-	if (ctrl->sqs[cqid])
+	if ((create && ctrl->cqs[cqid]) || (!create && !ctrl->cqs[cqid]))
 		return NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 
 	return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+u16 nvmet_check_io_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid, bool create)
+{
+	if (!cqid)
+		return NVME_SC_QID_INVALID | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+	return nvmet_check_cqid(ctrl, cqid, create);
+}
+
+bool nvmet_cq_in_use(struct nvmet_cq *cq)
+{
+	return refcount_read(&cq->ref) > 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nvmet_cq_in_use);
+
 u16 nvmet_cq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_cq *cq,
 		    u16 qid, u16 size)
 {
 	u16 status;
 
-	status = nvmet_check_cqid(ctrl, qid);
+	status = nvmet_check_cqid(ctrl, qid, true);
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		return status;
 
+	if (!kref_get_unless_zero(&ctrl->ref))
+		return NVME_SC_INTERNAL | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+	cq->ctrl = ctrl;
+
+	nvmet_cq_init(cq);
 	nvmet_cq_setup(ctrl, cq, qid, size);
 
 	return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
@@ -891,7 +933,7 @@ u16 nvmet_check_sqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 sqid,
 }
 
 u16 nvmet_sq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
-		    u16 sqid, u16 size)
+		    struct nvmet_cq *cq, u16 sqid, u16 size)
 {
 	u16 status;
 	int ret;
@@ -903,7 +945,7 @@ u16 nvmet_sq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		return status;
 
-	ret = nvmet_sq_init(sq);
+	ret = nvmet_sq_init(sq, cq);
 	if (ret) {
 		status = NVME_SC_INTERNAL | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 		goto ctrl_put;
@@ -935,6 +977,7 @@ void nvmet_sq_destroy(struct nvmet_sq *sq)
 	wait_for_completion(&sq->free_done);
 	percpu_ref_exit(&sq->ref);
 	nvmet_auth_sq_free(sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(sq->cq);
 
 	/*
 	 * we must reference the ctrl again after waiting for inflight IO
@@ -967,18 +1010,23 @@ static void nvmet_sq_free(struct percpu_ref *ref)
 	complete(&sq->free_done);
 }
 
-int nvmet_sq_init(struct nvmet_sq *sq)
+int nvmet_sq_init(struct nvmet_sq *sq, struct nvmet_cq *cq)
 {
 	int ret;
 
+	if (!nvmet_cq_get(cq))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	ret = percpu_ref_init(&sq->ref, nvmet_sq_free, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("percpu_ref init failed!\n");
+		nvmet_cq_put(cq);
 		return ret;
 	}
 	init_completion(&sq->free_done);
 	init_completion(&sq->confirm_done);
 	nvmet_auth_sq_init(sq);
+	sq->cq = cq;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1108,13 +1156,13 @@ static u16 nvmet_parse_io_cmd(struct nvmet_req *req)
 	return ret;
 }
 
-bool nvmet_req_init(struct nvmet_req *req, struct nvmet_cq *cq,
-		struct nvmet_sq *sq, const struct nvmet_fabrics_ops *ops)
+bool nvmet_req_init(struct nvmet_req *req, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
+		const struct nvmet_fabrics_ops *ops)
 {
 	u8 flags = req->cmd->common.flags;
 	u16 status;
 
-	req->cq = cq;
+	req->cq = sq->cq;
 	req->sq = sq;
 	req->ops = ops;
 	req->sg = NULL;
@@ -1612,12 +1660,17 @@ struct nvmet_ctrl *nvmet_alloc_ctrl(struct nvmet_alloc_ctrl_args *args)
 	if (!ctrl->sqs)
 		goto out_free_changed_ns_list;
 
+	ctrl->cqs = kcalloc(subsys->max_qid + 1, sizeof(struct nvmet_cq *),
+			   GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ctrl->cqs)
+		goto out_free_sqs;
+
 	ret = ida_alloc_range(&cntlid_ida,
 			     subsys->cntlid_min, subsys->cntlid_max,
 			     GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		args->status = NVME_SC_CONNECT_CTRL_BUSY | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
-		goto out_free_sqs;
+		goto out_free_cqs;
 	}
 	ctrl->cntlid = ret;
 
@@ -1676,6 +1729,8 @@ init_pr_fail:
 	mutex_unlock(&subsys->lock);
 	nvmet_stop_keep_alive_timer(ctrl);
 	ida_free(&cntlid_ida, ctrl->cntlid);
+out_free_cqs:
+	kfree(ctrl->cqs);
 out_free_sqs:
 	kfree(ctrl->sqs);
 out_free_changed_ns_list:
@@ -1712,6 +1767,7 @@ static void nvmet_ctrl_free(struct kref *ref)
 
 	nvmet_async_events_free(ctrl);
 	kfree(ctrl->sqs);
+	kfree(ctrl->cqs);
 	kfree(ctrl->changed_ns_list);
 	kfree(ctrl);
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/discovery.c b/drivers/nvme/target/discovery.c
index df7207640506..c06f3e04296c 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/discovery.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/discovery.c
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ static void nvmet_format_discovery_entry(struct nvmf_disc_rsp_page_hdr *hdr,
 	memcpy(e->trsvcid, port->disc_addr.trsvcid, NVMF_TRSVCID_SIZE);
 	memcpy(e->traddr, traddr, NVMF_TRADDR_SIZE);
 	memcpy(e->tsas.common, port->disc_addr.tsas.common, NVMF_TSAS_SIZE);
-	strncpy(e->subnqn, subsys_nqn, NVMF_NQN_SIZE);
+	strscpy(e->subnqn, subsys_nqn, NVMF_NQN_SIZE);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/fabrics-cmd.c b/drivers/nvme/target/fabrics-cmd.c
index f012bdf89850..7b8d8b397802 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/fabrics-cmd.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/fabrics-cmd.c
@@ -208,6 +208,14 @@ static u16 nvmet_install_queue(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_req *req)
 		return NVME_SC_CONNECT_CTRL_BUSY | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
 	}
 
+	kref_get(&ctrl->ref);
+	old = cmpxchg(&req->cq->ctrl, NULL, ctrl);
+	if (old) {
+		pr_warn("queue already connected!\n");
+		req->error_loc = offsetof(struct nvmf_connect_command, opcode);
+		return NVME_SC_CONNECT_CTRL_BUSY | NVME_STATUS_DNR;
+	}
+
 	/* note: convert queue size from 0's-based value to 1's-based value */
 	nvmet_cq_setup(ctrl, req->cq, qid, sqsize + 1);
 	nvmet_sq_setup(ctrl, req->sq, qid, sqsize + 1);
@@ -239,8 +247,8 @@ static u32 nvmet_connect_result(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq)
 	bool needs_auth = nvmet_has_auth(ctrl, sq);
 	key_serial_t keyid = nvmet_queue_tls_keyid(sq);
 
-	/* Do not authenticate I/O queues for secure concatenation */
-	if (ctrl->concat && sq->qid)
+	/* Do not authenticate I/O queues */
+	if (sq->qid)
 		needs_auth = false;
 
 	if (keyid)
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/fc.c b/drivers/nvme/target/fc.c
index 7b50130f10f6..254537b93e63 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/fc.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/fc.c
@@ -816,7 +816,8 @@ nvmet_fc_alloc_target_queue(struct nvmet_fc_tgt_assoc *assoc,
 
 	nvmet_fc_prep_fcp_iodlist(assoc->tgtport, queue);
 
-	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_init(&queue->nvme_cq);
+	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq, &queue->nvme_cq);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_fail_iodlist;
 
@@ -826,6 +827,7 @@ nvmet_fc_alloc_target_queue(struct nvmet_fc_tgt_assoc *assoc,
 	return queue;
 
 out_fail_iodlist:
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 	nvmet_fc_destroy_fcp_iodlist(assoc->tgtport, queue);
 	destroy_workqueue(queue->work_q);
 out_free_queue:
@@ -934,6 +936,7 @@ nvmet_fc_delete_target_queue(struct nvmet_fc_tgt_queue *queue)
 	flush_workqueue(queue->work_q);
 
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 
 	nvmet_fc_tgt_q_put(queue);
 }
@@ -1254,6 +1257,7 @@ nvmet_fc_portentry_bind(struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport,
 {
 	lockdep_assert_held(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock);
 
+	nvmet_fc_tgtport_get(tgtport);
 	pe->tgtport = tgtport;
 	tgtport->pe = pe;
 
@@ -1273,8 +1277,10 @@ nvmet_fc_portentry_unbind(struct nvmet_fc_port_entry *pe)
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
-	if (pe->tgtport)
+	if (pe->tgtport) {
+		nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(pe->tgtport);
 		pe->tgtport->pe = NULL;
+	}
 	list_del(&pe->pe_list);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
 }
@@ -1292,8 +1298,10 @@ nvmet_fc_portentry_unbind_tgt(struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport)
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
 	pe = tgtport->pe;
-	if (pe)
+	if (pe) {
+		nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(pe->tgtport);
 		pe->tgtport = NULL;
+	}
 	tgtport->pe = NULL;
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
 }
@@ -1316,6 +1324,9 @@ nvmet_fc_portentry_rebind_tgt(struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport)
 	list_for_each_entry(pe, &nvmet_fc_portentry_list, pe_list) {
 		if (tgtport->fc_target_port.node_name == pe->node_name &&
 		    tgtport->fc_target_port.port_name == pe->port_name) {
+			if (!nvmet_fc_tgtport_get(tgtport))
+				continue;
+
 			WARN_ON(pe->tgtport);
 			tgtport->pe = pe;
 			pe->tgtport = tgtport;
@@ -1580,6 +1591,39 @@ nvmet_fc_delete_ctrl(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl)
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
 }
 
+static void
+nvmet_fc_free_pending_reqs(struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport)
+{
+	struct nvmet_fc_ls_req_op *lsop;
+	struct nvmefc_ls_req *lsreq;
+	struct nvmet_fc_ls_iod *iod;
+	int i;
+
+	iod = tgtport->iod;
+	for (i = 0; i < NVMET_LS_CTX_COUNT; iod++, i++)
+		cancel_work(&iod->work);
+
+	/*
+	 * After this point the connection is lost and thus any pending
+	 * request can't be processed by the normal completion path. This
+	 * is likely a request from nvmet_fc_send_ls_req_async.
+	 */
+	while ((lsop = list_first_entry_or_null(&tgtport->ls_req_list,
+				struct nvmet_fc_ls_req_op, lsreq_list))) {
+		list_del(&lsop->lsreq_list);
+
+		if (!lsop->req_queued)
+			continue;
+
+		lsreq = &lsop->ls_req;
+		fc_dma_unmap_single(tgtport->dev, lsreq->rqstdma,
+				    (lsreq->rqstlen + lsreq->rsplen),
+				    DMA_BIDIRECTIONAL);
+		nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(tgtport);
+		kfree(lsop);
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * nvmet_fc_unregister_targetport - transport entry point called by an
  *                              LLDD to deregister/remove a previously
@@ -1608,13 +1652,7 @@ nvmet_fc_unregister_targetport(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *target_port)
 
 	flush_workqueue(nvmet_wq);
 
-	/*
-	 * should terminate LS's as well. However, LS's will be generated
-	 * at the tail end of association termination, so they likely don't
-	 * exist yet. And even if they did, it's worthwhile to just let
-	 * them finish and targetport ref counting will clean things up.
-	 */
-
+	nvmet_fc_free_pending_reqs(tgtport);
 	nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(tgtport);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -2531,10 +2569,8 @@ nvmet_fc_handle_fcp_rqst(struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport,
 	fod->data_sg = NULL;
 	fod->data_sg_cnt = 0;
 
-	ret = nvmet_req_init(&fod->req,
-				&fod->queue->nvme_cq,
-				&fod->queue->nvme_sq,
-				&nvmet_fc_tgt_fcp_ops);
+	ret = nvmet_req_init(&fod->req, &fod->queue->nvme_sq,
+			&nvmet_fc_tgt_fcp_ops);
 	if (!ret) {
 		/* bad SQE content or invalid ctrl state */
 		/* nvmet layer has already called op done to send rsp. */
@@ -2860,12 +2896,17 @@ nvmet_fc_add_port(struct nvmet_port *port)
 	list_for_each_entry(tgtport, &nvmet_fc_target_list, tgt_list) {
 		if ((tgtport->fc_target_port.node_name == traddr.nn) &&
 		    (tgtport->fc_target_port.port_name == traddr.pn)) {
+			if (!nvmet_fc_tgtport_get(tgtport))
+				continue;
+
 			/* a FC port can only be 1 nvmet port id */
 			if (!tgtport->pe) {
 				nvmet_fc_portentry_bind(tgtport, pe, port);
 				ret = 0;
 			} else
 				ret = -EALREADY;
+
+			nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(tgtport);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
@@ -2881,11 +2922,21 @@ static void
 nvmet_fc_remove_port(struct nvmet_port *port)
 {
 	struct nvmet_fc_port_entry *pe = port->priv;
+	struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport = NULL;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
+	if (pe->tgtport && nvmet_fc_tgtport_get(pe->tgtport))
+		tgtport = pe->tgtport;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
 
 	nvmet_fc_portentry_unbind(pe);
 
-	/* terminate any outstanding associations */
-	__nvmet_fc_free_assocs(pe->tgtport);
+	if (tgtport) {
+		/* terminate any outstanding associations */
+		__nvmet_fc_free_assocs(tgtport);
+		nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(tgtport);
+	}
 
 	kfree(pe);
 }
@@ -2894,10 +2945,21 @@ static void
 nvmet_fc_discovery_chg(struct nvmet_port *port)
 {
 	struct nvmet_fc_port_entry *pe = port->priv;
-	struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport = pe->tgtport;
+	struct nvmet_fc_tgtport *tgtport = NULL;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
+	if (pe->tgtport && nvmet_fc_tgtport_get(pe->tgtport))
+		tgtport = pe->tgtport;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nvmet_fc_tgtlock, flags);
+
+	if (!tgtport)
+		return;
 
 	if (tgtport && tgtport->ops->discovery_event)
 		tgtport->ops->discovery_event(&tgtport->fc_target_port);
+
+	nvmet_fc_tgtport_put(tgtport);
 }
 
 static ssize_t
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/fcloop.c b/drivers/nvme/target/fcloop.c
index 641201e62c1b..257b497d515a 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/fcloop.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/fcloop.c
@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@ static LIST_HEAD(fcloop_nports);
 struct fcloop_lport {
 	struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport;
 	struct list_head lport_list;
-	struct completion unreg_done;
 	refcount_t ref;
 };
 
@@ -215,6 +214,9 @@ struct fcloop_lport_priv {
 	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
 };
 
+/* The port is already being removed, avoid double free */
+#define PORT_DELETED	0
+
 struct fcloop_rport {
 	struct nvme_fc_remote_port	*remoteport;
 	struct nvmet_fc_target_port	*targetport;
@@ -223,6 +225,7 @@ struct fcloop_rport {
 	spinlock_t			lock;
 	struct list_head		ls_list;
 	struct work_struct		ls_work;
+	unsigned long			flags;
 };
 
 struct fcloop_tport {
@@ -233,6 +236,7 @@ struct fcloop_tport {
 	spinlock_t			lock;
 	struct list_head		ls_list;
 	struct work_struct		ls_work;
+	unsigned long			flags;
 };
 
 struct fcloop_nport {
@@ -288,6 +292,9 @@ struct fcloop_ini_fcpreq {
 	spinlock_t			inilock;
 };
 
+/* SLAB cache for fcloop_lsreq structures */
+static struct kmem_cache *lsreq_cache;
+
 static inline struct fcloop_lsreq *
 ls_rsp_to_lsreq(struct nvmefc_ls_rsp *lsrsp)
 {
@@ -338,6 +345,7 @@ fcloop_rport_lsrqst_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		 * callee may free memory containing tls_req.
 		 * do not reference lsreq after this.
 		 */
+		kmem_cache_free(lsreq_cache, tls_req);
 
 		spin_lock(&rport->lock);
 	}
@@ -349,10 +357,13 @@ fcloop_h2t_ls_req(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport,
 			struct nvme_fc_remote_port *remoteport,
 			struct nvmefc_ls_req *lsreq)
 {
-	struct fcloop_lsreq *tls_req = lsreq->private;
 	struct fcloop_rport *rport = remoteport->private;
+	struct fcloop_lsreq *tls_req;
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	tls_req = kmem_cache_alloc(lsreq_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!tls_req)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	tls_req->lsreq = lsreq;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tls_req->ls_list);
 
@@ -389,14 +400,17 @@ fcloop_h2t_xmt_ls_rsp(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport,
 
 	lsrsp->done(lsrsp);
 
-	if (remoteport) {
-		rport = remoteport->private;
-		spin_lock(&rport->lock);
-		list_add_tail(&tls_req->ls_list, &rport->ls_list);
-		spin_unlock(&rport->lock);
-		queue_work(nvmet_wq, &rport->ls_work);
+	if (!remoteport) {
+		kmem_cache_free(lsreq_cache, tls_req);
+		return 0;
 	}
 
+	rport = remoteport->private;
+	spin_lock(&rport->lock);
+	list_add_tail(&tls_req->ls_list, &rport->ls_list);
+	spin_unlock(&rport->lock);
+	queue_work(nvmet_wq, &rport->ls_work);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -422,6 +436,7 @@ fcloop_tport_lsrqst_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		 * callee may free memory containing tls_req.
 		 * do not reference lsreq after this.
 		 */
+		kmem_cache_free(lsreq_cache, tls_req);
 
 		spin_lock(&tport->lock);
 	}
@@ -432,8 +447,8 @@ static int
 fcloop_t2h_ls_req(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport, void *hosthandle,
 			struct nvmefc_ls_req *lsreq)
 {
-	struct fcloop_lsreq *tls_req = lsreq->private;
 	struct fcloop_tport *tport = targetport->private;
+	struct fcloop_lsreq *tls_req;
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	/*
@@ -441,6 +456,10 @@ fcloop_t2h_ls_req(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport, void *hosthandle,
 	 * hosthandle ignored as fcloop currently is
 	 * 1:1 tgtport vs remoteport
 	 */
+
+	tls_req = kmem_cache_alloc(lsreq_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!tls_req)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	tls_req->lsreq = lsreq;
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tls_req->ls_list);
 
@@ -457,6 +476,9 @@ fcloop_t2h_ls_req(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport, void *hosthandle,
 	ret = nvme_fc_rcv_ls_req(tport->remoteport, &tls_req->ls_rsp,
 				 lsreq->rqstaddr, lsreq->rqstlen);
 
+	if (ret)
+		kmem_cache_free(lsreq_cache, tls_req);
+
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -471,18 +493,30 @@ fcloop_t2h_xmt_ls_rsp(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport,
 	struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport = rport->targetport;
 	struct fcloop_tport *tport;
 
+	if (!targetport) {
+		/*
+		 * The target port is gone. The target doesn't expect any
+		 * response anymore and the ->done call is not valid
+		 * because the resources have been freed by
+		 * nvmet_fc_free_pending_reqs.
+		 *
+		 * We end up here from delete association exchange:
+		 * nvmet_fc_xmt_disconnect_assoc sends an async request.
+		 */
+		kmem_cache_free(lsreq_cache, tls_req);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	memcpy(lsreq->rspaddr, lsrsp->rspbuf,
 		((lsreq->rsplen < lsrsp->rsplen) ?
 				lsreq->rsplen : lsrsp->rsplen));
 	lsrsp->done(lsrsp);
 
-	if (targetport) {
-		tport = targetport->private;
-		spin_lock(&tport->lock);
-		list_add_tail(&tls_req->ls_list, &tport->ls_list);
-		spin_unlock(&tport->lock);
-		queue_work(nvmet_wq, &tport->ls_work);
-	}
+	tport = targetport->private;
+	spin_lock(&tport->lock);
+	list_add_tail(&tls_req->ls_list, &tport->ls_list);
+	spin_unlock(&tport->lock);
+	queue_work(nvmet_wq, &tport->ls_work);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -566,7 +600,8 @@ fcloop_call_host_done(struct nvmefc_fcp_req *fcpreq,
 	}
 
 	/* release original io reference on tgt struct */
-	fcloop_tfcp_req_put(tfcp_req);
+	if (tfcp_req)
+		fcloop_tfcp_req_put(tfcp_req);
 }
 
 static bool drop_fabric_opcode;
@@ -618,12 +653,13 @@ fcloop_fcp_recv_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct fcloop_fcpreq *tfcp_req =
 		container_of(work, struct fcloop_fcpreq, fcp_rcv_work);
-	struct nvmefc_fcp_req *fcpreq = tfcp_req->fcpreq;
+	struct nvmefc_fcp_req *fcpreq;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret = 0;
 	bool aborted = false;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
+	fcpreq = tfcp_req->fcpreq;
 	switch (tfcp_req->inistate) {
 	case INI_IO_START:
 		tfcp_req->inistate = INI_IO_ACTIVE;
@@ -638,16 +674,19 @@ fcloop_fcp_recv_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
 
-	if (unlikely(aborted))
-		ret = -ECANCELED;
-	else {
-		if (likely(!check_for_drop(tfcp_req)))
-			ret = nvmet_fc_rcv_fcp_req(tfcp_req->tport->targetport,
-				&tfcp_req->tgt_fcp_req,
-				fcpreq->cmdaddr, fcpreq->cmdlen);
-		else
-			pr_info("%s: dropped command ********\n", __func__);
+	if (unlikely(aborted)) {
+		/* the abort handler will call fcloop_call_host_done */
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(check_for_drop(tfcp_req))) {
+		pr_info("%s: dropped command ********\n", __func__);
+		return;
 	}
+
+	ret = nvmet_fc_rcv_fcp_req(tfcp_req->tport->targetport,
+				   &tfcp_req->tgt_fcp_req,
+				   fcpreq->cmdaddr, fcpreq->cmdlen);
 	if (ret)
 		fcloop_call_host_done(fcpreq, tfcp_req, ret);
 }
@@ -662,15 +701,17 @@ fcloop_fcp_abort_recv_work(struct work_struct *work)
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
-	fcpreq = tfcp_req->fcpreq;
 	switch (tfcp_req->inistate) {
 	case INI_IO_ABORTED:
+		fcpreq = tfcp_req->fcpreq;
+		tfcp_req->fcpreq = NULL;
 		break;
 	case INI_IO_COMPLETED:
 		completed = true;
 		break;
 	default:
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
+		fcloop_tfcp_req_put(tfcp_req);
 		WARN_ON(1);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -686,10 +727,6 @@ fcloop_fcp_abort_recv_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		nvmet_fc_rcv_fcp_abort(tfcp_req->tport->targetport,
 					&tfcp_req->tgt_fcp_req);
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
-	tfcp_req->fcpreq = NULL;
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
-
 	fcloop_call_host_done(fcpreq, tfcp_req, -ECANCELED);
 	/* call_host_done releases reference for abort downcall */
 }
@@ -958,13 +995,16 @@ fcloop_fcp_abort(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport,
 
 	spin_lock(&inireq->inilock);
 	tfcp_req = inireq->tfcp_req;
-	if (tfcp_req)
-		fcloop_tfcp_req_get(tfcp_req);
+	if (tfcp_req) {
+		if (!fcloop_tfcp_req_get(tfcp_req))
+			tfcp_req = NULL;
+	}
 	spin_unlock(&inireq->inilock);
 
-	if (!tfcp_req)
+	if (!tfcp_req) {
 		/* abort has already been called */
-		return;
+		goto out_host_done;
+	}
 
 	/* break initiator/target relationship for io */
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
@@ -979,7 +1019,7 @@ fcloop_fcp_abort(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport,
 	default:
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
 		WARN_ON(1);
-		return;
+		goto out_host_done;
 	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tfcp_req->reqlock, flags);
 
@@ -993,6 +1033,11 @@ fcloop_fcp_abort(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport,
 		 */
 		fcloop_tfcp_req_put(tfcp_req);
 	}
+
+	return;
+
+out_host_done:
+	fcloop_call_host_done(fcpreq, tfcp_req, -ECANCELED);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1019,9 +1064,18 @@ fcloop_lport_get(struct fcloop_lport *lport)
 static void
 fcloop_nport_put(struct fcloop_nport *nport)
 {
+	unsigned long flags;
+
 	if (!refcount_dec_and_test(&nport->ref))
 		return;
 
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	list_del(&nport->nport_list);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+
+	if (nport->lport)
+		fcloop_lport_put(nport->lport);
+
 	kfree(nport);
 }
 
@@ -1037,9 +1091,6 @@ fcloop_localport_delete(struct nvme_fc_local_port *localport)
 	struct fcloop_lport_priv *lport_priv = localport->private;
 	struct fcloop_lport *lport = lport_priv->lport;
 
-	/* release any threads waiting for the unreg to complete */
-	complete(&lport->unreg_done);
-
 	fcloop_lport_put(lport);
 }
 
@@ -1047,18 +1098,38 @@ static void
 fcloop_remoteport_delete(struct nvme_fc_remote_port *remoteport)
 {
 	struct fcloop_rport *rport = remoteport->private;
+	bool put_port = false;
+	unsigned long flags;
 
 	flush_work(&rport->ls_work);
-	fcloop_nport_put(rport->nport);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(PORT_DELETED, &rport->flags))
+		put_port = true;
+	rport->nport->rport = NULL;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+
+	if (put_port)
+		fcloop_nport_put(rport->nport);
 }
 
 static void
 fcloop_targetport_delete(struct nvmet_fc_target_port *targetport)
 {
 	struct fcloop_tport *tport = targetport->private;
+	bool put_port = false;
+	unsigned long flags;
 
 	flush_work(&tport->ls_work);
-	fcloop_nport_put(tport->nport);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(PORT_DELETED, &tport->flags))
+		put_port = true;
+	tport->nport->tport = NULL;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+
+	if (put_port)
+		fcloop_nport_put(tport->nport);
 }
 
 #define	FCLOOP_HW_QUEUES		4
@@ -1082,7 +1153,6 @@ static struct nvme_fc_port_template fctemplate = {
 	/* sizes of additional private data for data structures */
 	.local_priv_sz		= sizeof(struct fcloop_lport_priv),
 	.remote_priv_sz		= sizeof(struct fcloop_rport),
-	.lsrqst_priv_sz		= sizeof(struct fcloop_lsreq),
 	.fcprqst_priv_sz	= sizeof(struct fcloop_ini_fcpreq),
 };
 
@@ -1105,7 +1175,6 @@ static struct nvmet_fc_target_template tgttemplate = {
 	.target_features	= 0,
 	/* sizes of additional private data for data structures */
 	.target_priv_sz		= sizeof(struct fcloop_tport),
-	.lsrqst_priv_sz		= sizeof(struct fcloop_lsreq),
 };
 
 static ssize_t
@@ -1170,51 +1239,92 @@ out_free_lport:
 }
 
 static int
-__wait_localport_unreg(struct fcloop_lport *lport)
+__localport_unreg(struct fcloop_lport *lport)
 {
-	int ret;
+	return nvme_fc_unregister_localport(lport->localport);
+}
 
-	init_completion(&lport->unreg_done);
+static struct fcloop_nport *
+__fcloop_nport_lookup(u64 node_name, u64 port_name)
+{
+	struct fcloop_nport *nport;
 
-	ret = nvme_fc_unregister_localport(lport->localport);
+	list_for_each_entry(nport, &fcloop_nports, nport_list) {
+		if (nport->node_name != node_name ||
+		    nport->port_name != port_name)
+			continue;
 
-	if (!ret)
-		wait_for_completion(&lport->unreg_done);
+		if (fcloop_nport_get(nport))
+			return nport;
 
-	return ret;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
 }
 
+static struct fcloop_nport *
+fcloop_nport_lookup(u64 node_name, u64 port_name)
+{
+	struct fcloop_nport *nport;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	nport = __fcloop_nport_lookup(node_name, port_name);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+
+	return nport;
+}
+
+static struct fcloop_lport *
+__fcloop_lport_lookup(u64 node_name, u64 port_name)
+{
+	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(lport, &fcloop_lports, lport_list) {
+		if (lport->localport->node_name != node_name ||
+		    lport->localport->port_name != port_name)
+			continue;
+
+		if (fcloop_lport_get(lport))
+			return lport;
+
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct fcloop_lport *
+fcloop_lport_lookup(u64 node_name, u64 port_name)
+{
+	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	lport = __fcloop_lport_lookup(node_name, port_name);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+
+	return lport;
+}
 
 static ssize_t
 fcloop_delete_local_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 		const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
-	struct fcloop_lport *tlport, *lport = NULL;
+	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
 	u64 nodename, portname;
-	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret;
 
 	ret = fcloop_parse_nm_options(dev, &nodename, &portname, buf);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
-	list_for_each_entry(tlport, &fcloop_lports, lport_list) {
-		if (tlport->localport->node_name == nodename &&
-		    tlport->localport->port_name == portname) {
-			if (!fcloop_lport_get(tlport))
-				break;
-			lport = tlport;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
+	lport = fcloop_lport_lookup(nodename, portname);
 	if (!lport)
 		return -ENOENT;
 
-	ret = __wait_localport_unreg(lport);
+	ret = __localport_unreg(lport);
 	fcloop_lport_put(lport);
 
 	return ret ? ret : count;
@@ -1223,8 +1333,8 @@ fcloop_delete_local_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 static struct fcloop_nport *
 fcloop_alloc_nport(const char *buf, size_t count, bool remoteport)
 {
-	struct fcloop_nport *newnport, *nport = NULL;
-	struct fcloop_lport *tmplport, *lport = NULL;
+	struct fcloop_nport *newnport, *nport;
+	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
 	struct fcloop_ctrl_options *opts;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	u32 opts_mask = (remoteport) ? RPORT_OPTS : TGTPORT_OPTS;
@@ -1239,10 +1349,8 @@ fcloop_alloc_nport(const char *buf, size_t count, bool remoteport)
 		goto out_free_opts;
 
 	/* everything there ? */
-	if ((opts->mask & opts_mask) != opts_mask) {
-		ret = -EINVAL;
+	if ((opts->mask & opts_mask) != opts_mask)
 		goto out_free_opts;
-	}
 
 	newnport = kzalloc(sizeof(*newnport), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!newnport)
@@ -1258,60 +1366,61 @@ fcloop_alloc_nport(const char *buf, size_t count, bool remoteport)
 	refcount_set(&newnport->ref, 1);
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
-	list_for_each_entry(tmplport, &fcloop_lports, lport_list) {
-		if (tmplport->localport->node_name == opts->wwnn &&
-		    tmplport->localport->port_name == opts->wwpn)
-			goto out_invalid_opts;
-
-		if (tmplport->localport->node_name == opts->lpwwnn &&
-		    tmplport->localport->port_name == opts->lpwwpn)
-			lport = tmplport;
+	lport = __fcloop_lport_lookup(opts->wwnn, opts->wwpn);
+	if (lport) {
+		/* invalid configuration */
+		fcloop_lport_put(lport);
+		goto out_free_newnport;
 	}
 
 	if (remoteport) {
-		if (!lport)
-			goto out_invalid_opts;
-		newnport->lport = lport;
-	}
-
-	list_for_each_entry(nport, &fcloop_nports, nport_list) {
-		if (nport->node_name == opts->wwnn &&
-		    nport->port_name == opts->wwpn) {
-			if ((remoteport && nport->rport) ||
-			    (!remoteport && nport->tport)) {
-				nport = NULL;
-				goto out_invalid_opts;
-			}
-
-			fcloop_nport_get(nport);
-
-			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
-			if (remoteport)
-				nport->lport = lport;
-			if (opts->mask & NVMF_OPT_ROLES)
-				nport->port_role = opts->roles;
-			if (opts->mask & NVMF_OPT_FCADDR)
-				nport->port_id = opts->fcaddr;
+		lport = __fcloop_lport_lookup(opts->lpwwnn, opts->lpwwpn);
+		if (!lport) {
+			/* invalid configuration */
 			goto out_free_newnport;
 		}
 	}
 
-	list_add_tail(&newnport->nport_list, &fcloop_nports);
+	nport = __fcloop_nport_lookup(opts->wwnn, opts->wwpn);
+	if (nport) {
+		if ((remoteport && nport->rport) ||
+		    (!remoteport && nport->tport)) {
+			/* invalid configuration */
+			goto out_put_nport;
+		}
+
+		/* found existing nport, discard the new nport */
+		kfree(newnport);
+	} else {
+		list_add_tail(&newnport->nport_list, &fcloop_nports);
+		nport = newnport;
+	}
 
+	if (opts->mask & NVMF_OPT_ROLES)
+		nport->port_role = opts->roles;
+	if (opts->mask & NVMF_OPT_FCADDR)
+		nport->port_id = opts->fcaddr;
+	if (lport) {
+		if (!nport->lport)
+			nport->lport = lport;
+		else
+			fcloop_lport_put(lport);
+	}
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 
 	kfree(opts);
-	return newnport;
+	return nport;
 
-out_invalid_opts:
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+out_put_nport:
+	if (lport)
+		fcloop_lport_put(lport);
+	fcloop_nport_put(nport);
 out_free_newnport:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 	kfree(newnport);
 out_free_opts:
 	kfree(opts);
-	return nport;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 static ssize_t
@@ -1352,6 +1461,7 @@ fcloop_create_remote_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	rport->nport = nport;
 	rport->lport = nport->lport;
 	nport->rport = rport;
+	rport->flags = 0;
 	spin_lock_init(&rport->lock);
 	INIT_WORK(&rport->ls_work, fcloop_rport_lsrqst_work);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rport->ls_list);
@@ -1365,21 +1475,18 @@ __unlink_remote_port(struct fcloop_nport *nport)
 {
 	struct fcloop_rport *rport = nport->rport;
 
+	lockdep_assert_held(&fcloop_lock);
+
 	if (rport && nport->tport)
 		nport->tport->remoteport = NULL;
 	nport->rport = NULL;
 
-	list_del(&nport->nport_list);
-
 	return rport;
 }
 
 static int
 __remoteport_unreg(struct fcloop_nport *nport, struct fcloop_rport *rport)
 {
-	if (!rport)
-		return -EALREADY;
-
 	return nvme_fc_unregister_remoteport(rport->remoteport);
 }
 
@@ -1387,8 +1494,8 @@ static ssize_t
 fcloop_delete_remote_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 		const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
-	struct fcloop_nport *nport = NULL, *tmpport;
-	static struct fcloop_rport *rport;
+	struct fcloop_nport *nport;
+	struct fcloop_rport *rport;
 	u64 nodename, portname;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret;
@@ -1397,24 +1504,24 @@ fcloop_delete_remote_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
-	list_for_each_entry(tmpport, &fcloop_nports, nport_list) {
-		if (tmpport->node_name == nodename &&
-		    tmpport->port_name == portname && tmpport->rport) {
-			nport = tmpport;
-			rport = __unlink_remote_port(nport);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	nport = fcloop_nport_lookup(nodename, portname);
+	if (!nport)
+		return -ENOENT;
 
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	rport = __unlink_remote_port(nport);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 
-	if (!nport)
-		return -ENOENT;
+	if (!rport) {
+		ret = -ENOENT;
+		goto out_nport_put;
+	}
 
 	ret = __remoteport_unreg(nport, rport);
 
+out_nport_put:
+	fcloop_nport_put(nport);
+
 	return ret ? ret : count;
 }
 
@@ -1452,6 +1559,7 @@ fcloop_create_target_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	tport->nport = nport;
 	tport->lport = nport->lport;
 	nport->tport = tport;
+	tport->flags = 0;
 	spin_lock_init(&tport->lock);
 	INIT_WORK(&tport->ls_work, fcloop_tport_lsrqst_work);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tport->ls_list);
@@ -1465,6 +1573,8 @@ __unlink_target_port(struct fcloop_nport *nport)
 {
 	struct fcloop_tport *tport = nport->tport;
 
+	lockdep_assert_held(&fcloop_lock);
+
 	if (tport && nport->rport)
 		nport->rport->targetport = NULL;
 	nport->tport = NULL;
@@ -1475,9 +1585,6 @@ __unlink_target_port(struct fcloop_nport *nport)
 static int
 __targetport_unreg(struct fcloop_nport *nport, struct fcloop_tport *tport)
 {
-	if (!tport)
-		return -EALREADY;
-
 	return nvmet_fc_unregister_targetport(tport->targetport);
 }
 
@@ -1485,8 +1592,8 @@ static ssize_t
 fcloop_delete_target_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 		const char *buf, size_t count)
 {
-	struct fcloop_nport *nport = NULL, *tmpport;
-	struct fcloop_tport *tport = NULL;
+	struct fcloop_nport *nport;
+	struct fcloop_tport *tport;
 	u64 nodename, portname;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int ret;
@@ -1495,24 +1602,24 @@ fcloop_delete_target_port(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
-
-	list_for_each_entry(tmpport, &fcloop_nports, nport_list) {
-		if (tmpport->node_name == nodename &&
-		    tmpport->port_name == portname && tmpport->tport) {
-			nport = tmpport;
-			tport = __unlink_target_port(nport);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	nport = fcloop_nport_lookup(nodename, portname);
+	if (!nport)
+		return -ENOENT;
 
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
+	tport = __unlink_target_port(nport);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 
-	if (!nport)
-		return -ENOENT;
+	if (!tport) {
+		ret = -ENOENT;
+		goto out_nport_put;
+	}
 
 	ret = __targetport_unreg(nport, tport);
 
+out_nport_put:
+	fcloop_nport_put(nport);
+
 	return ret ? ret : count;
 }
 
@@ -1578,15 +1685,20 @@ static const struct class fcloop_class = {
 };
 static struct device *fcloop_device;
 
-
 static int __init fcloop_init(void)
 {
 	int ret;
 
+	lsreq_cache = kmem_cache_create("lsreq_cache",
+				sizeof(struct fcloop_lsreq), 0,
+				0, NULL);
+	if (!lsreq_cache)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
 	ret = class_register(&fcloop_class);
 	if (ret) {
 		pr_err("couldn't register class fcloop\n");
-		return ret;
+		goto out_destroy_cache;
 	}
 
 	fcloop_device = device_create_with_groups(
@@ -1604,13 +1716,15 @@ static int __init fcloop_init(void)
 
 out_destroy_class:
 	class_unregister(&fcloop_class);
+out_destroy_cache:
+	kmem_cache_destroy(lsreq_cache);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static void __exit fcloop_exit(void)
 {
-	struct fcloop_lport *lport = NULL;
-	struct fcloop_nport *nport = NULL;
+	struct fcloop_lport *lport;
+	struct fcloop_nport *nport;
 	struct fcloop_tport *tport;
 	struct fcloop_rport *rport;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -1621,7 +1735,7 @@ static void __exit fcloop_exit(void)
 	for (;;) {
 		nport = list_first_entry_or_null(&fcloop_nports,
 						typeof(*nport), nport_list);
-		if (!nport)
+		if (!nport || !fcloop_nport_get(nport))
 			break;
 
 		tport = __unlink_target_port(nport);
@@ -1629,13 +1743,21 @@ static void __exit fcloop_exit(void)
 
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 
-		ret = __targetport_unreg(nport, tport);
-		if (ret)
-			pr_warn("%s: Failed deleting target port\n", __func__);
+		if (tport) {
+			ret = __targetport_unreg(nport, tport);
+			if (ret)
+				pr_warn("%s: Failed deleting target port\n",
+					__func__);
+		}
 
-		ret = __remoteport_unreg(nport, rport);
-		if (ret)
-			pr_warn("%s: Failed deleting remote port\n", __func__);
+		if (rport) {
+			ret = __remoteport_unreg(nport, rport);
+			if (ret)
+				pr_warn("%s: Failed deleting remote port\n",
+					__func__);
+		}
+
+		fcloop_nport_put(nport);
 
 		spin_lock_irqsave(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 	}
@@ -1648,7 +1770,7 @@ static void __exit fcloop_exit(void)
 
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&fcloop_lock, flags);
 
-		ret = __wait_localport_unreg(lport);
+		ret = __localport_unreg(lport);
 		if (ret)
 			pr_warn("%s: Failed deleting local port\n", __func__);
 
@@ -1663,6 +1785,7 @@ static void __exit fcloop_exit(void)
 
 	device_destroy(&fcloop_class, MKDEV(0, 0));
 	class_unregister(&fcloop_class);
+	kmem_cache_destroy(lsreq_cache);
 }
 
 module_init(fcloop_init);
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c b/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
index a5c41144667c..f85a8441bcc6 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/loop.c
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@ struct nvme_loop_ctrl {
 
 	struct list_head	list;
 	struct blk_mq_tag_set	tag_set;
-	struct nvme_loop_iod	async_event_iod;
 	struct nvme_ctrl	ctrl;
 
 	struct nvmet_port	*port;
+
+	/* Must be last --ends in a flexible-array member. */
+	struct nvme_loop_iod	async_event_iod;
 };
 
 static inline struct nvme_loop_ctrl *to_loop_ctrl(struct nvme_ctrl *ctrl)
@@ -148,8 +150,7 @@ static blk_status_t nvme_loop_queue_rq(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
 	nvme_start_request(req);
 	iod->cmd.common.flags |= NVME_CMD_SGL_METABUF;
 	iod->req.port = queue->ctrl->port;
-	if (!nvmet_req_init(&iod->req, &queue->nvme_cq,
-			&queue->nvme_sq, &nvme_loop_ops))
+	if (!nvmet_req_init(&iod->req, &queue->nvme_sq, &nvme_loop_ops))
 		return BLK_STS_OK;
 
 	if (blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(req)) {
@@ -181,8 +182,7 @@ static void nvme_loop_submit_async_event(struct nvme_ctrl *arg)
 	iod->cmd.common.command_id = NVME_AQ_BLK_MQ_DEPTH;
 	iod->cmd.common.flags |= NVME_CMD_SGL_METABUF;
 
-	if (!nvmet_req_init(&iod->req, &queue->nvme_cq, &queue->nvme_sq,
-			&nvme_loop_ops)) {
+	if (!nvmet_req_init(&iod->req, &queue->nvme_sq, &nvme_loop_ops)) {
 		dev_err(ctrl->ctrl.device, "failed async event work\n");
 		return;
 	}
@@ -273,6 +273,7 @@ static void nvme_loop_destroy_admin_queue(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 	nvme_unquiesce_admin_queue(&ctrl->ctrl);
 
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_cq);
 	nvme_remove_admin_tag_set(&ctrl->ctrl);
 }
 
@@ -302,6 +303,7 @@ static void nvme_loop_destroy_io_queues(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 	for (i = 1; i < ctrl->ctrl.queue_count; i++) {
 		clear_bit(NVME_LOOP_Q_LIVE, &ctrl->queues[i].flags);
 		nvmet_sq_destroy(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_sq);
+		nvmet_cq_put(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_cq);
 	}
 	ctrl->ctrl.queue_count = 1;
 	/*
@@ -327,9 +329,13 @@ static int nvme_loop_init_io_queues(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 
 	for (i = 1; i <= nr_io_queues; i++) {
 		ctrl->queues[i].ctrl = ctrl;
-		ret = nvmet_sq_init(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_sq);
-		if (ret)
+		nvmet_cq_init(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_cq);
+		ret = nvmet_sq_init(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_sq,
+				&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_cq);
+		if (ret) {
+			nvmet_cq_put(&ctrl->queues[i].nvme_cq);
 			goto out_destroy_queues;
+		}
 
 		ctrl->ctrl.queue_count++;
 	}
@@ -360,9 +366,13 @@ static int nvme_loop_configure_admin_queue(struct nvme_loop_ctrl *ctrl)
 	int error;
 
 	ctrl->queues[0].ctrl = ctrl;
-	error = nvmet_sq_init(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_sq);
-	if (error)
+	nvmet_cq_init(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_cq);
+	error = nvmet_sq_init(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_sq,
+			&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_cq);
+	if (error) {
+		nvmet_cq_put(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_cq);
 		return error;
+	}
 	ctrl->ctrl.queue_count = 1;
 
 	error = nvme_alloc_admin_tag_set(&ctrl->ctrl, &ctrl->admin_tag_set,
@@ -401,6 +411,7 @@ out_cleanup_tagset:
 	nvme_remove_admin_tag_set(&ctrl->ctrl);
 out_free_sq:
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&ctrl->queues[0].nvme_cq);
 	return error;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/nvmet.h b/drivers/nvme/target/nvmet.h
index b6db8b74dc4a..df69a9dee71c 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/nvmet.h
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/nvmet.h
@@ -141,13 +141,16 @@ static inline struct device *nvmet_ns_dev(struct nvmet_ns *ns)
 }
 
 struct nvmet_cq {
+	struct nvmet_ctrl	*ctrl;
 	u16			qid;
 	u16			size;
+	refcount_t		ref;
 };
 
 struct nvmet_sq {
 	struct nvmet_ctrl	*ctrl;
 	struct percpu_ref	ref;
+	struct nvmet_cq		*cq;
 	u16			qid;
 	u16			size;
 	u32			sqhd;
@@ -247,6 +250,7 @@ struct nvmet_pr_log_mgr {
 struct nvmet_ctrl {
 	struct nvmet_subsys	*subsys;
 	struct nvmet_sq		**sqs;
+	struct nvmet_cq		**cqs;
 
 	void			*drvdata;
 
@@ -424,7 +428,7 @@ struct nvmet_fabrics_ops {
 	u16 (*get_max_queue_size)(const struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl);
 
 	/* Operations mandatory for PCI target controllers */
-	u16 (*create_sq)(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 sqid, u16 flags,
+	u16 (*create_sq)(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 sqid, u16 cqid, u16 flags,
 			 u16 qsize, u64 prp1);
 	u16 (*delete_sq)(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 sqid);
 	u16 (*create_cq)(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid, u16 flags,
@@ -557,8 +561,8 @@ u32 nvmet_fabrics_admin_cmd_data_len(struct nvmet_req *req);
 u16 nvmet_parse_fabrics_io_cmd(struct nvmet_req *req);
 u32 nvmet_fabrics_io_cmd_data_len(struct nvmet_req *req);
 
-bool nvmet_req_init(struct nvmet_req *req, struct nvmet_cq *cq,
-		struct nvmet_sq *sq, const struct nvmet_fabrics_ops *ops);
+bool nvmet_req_init(struct nvmet_req *req, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
+		const struct nvmet_fabrics_ops *ops);
 void nvmet_req_uninit(struct nvmet_req *req);
 size_t nvmet_req_transfer_len(struct nvmet_req *req);
 bool nvmet_check_transfer_len(struct nvmet_req *req, size_t len);
@@ -571,18 +575,24 @@ void nvmet_execute_set_features(struct nvmet_req *req);
 void nvmet_execute_get_features(struct nvmet_req *req);
 void nvmet_execute_keep_alive(struct nvmet_req *req);
 
-u16 nvmet_check_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid);
+u16 nvmet_check_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid, bool create);
+u16 nvmet_check_io_cqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 cqid, bool create);
+void nvmet_cq_init(struct nvmet_cq *cq);
 void nvmet_cq_setup(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_cq *cq, u16 qid,
 		u16 size);
 u16 nvmet_cq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_cq *cq, u16 qid,
 		u16 size);
+void nvmet_cq_destroy(struct nvmet_cq *cq);
+bool nvmet_cq_get(struct nvmet_cq *cq);
+void nvmet_cq_put(struct nvmet_cq *cq);
+bool nvmet_cq_in_use(struct nvmet_cq *cq);
 u16 nvmet_check_sqid(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, u16 sqid, bool create);
 void nvmet_sq_setup(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq, u16 qid,
 		u16 size);
-u16 nvmet_sq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq, u16 qid,
-		u16 size);
+u16 nvmet_sq_create(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl, struct nvmet_sq *sq,
+	struct nvmet_cq *cq, u16 qid, u16 size);
 void nvmet_sq_destroy(struct nvmet_sq *sq);
-int nvmet_sq_init(struct nvmet_sq *sq);
+int nvmet_sq_init(struct nvmet_sq *sq, struct nvmet_cq *cq);
 
 void nvmet_ctrl_fatal_error(struct nvmet_ctrl *ctrl);
 
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/pci-epf.c b/drivers/nvme/target/pci-epf.c
index 7123c855b5a6..a4295a5b8d28 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/pci-epf.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/pci-epf.c
@@ -1354,15 +1354,17 @@ static u16 nvmet_pci_epf_delete_cq(struct nvmet_ctrl *tctrl, u16 cqid)
 	if (test_and_clear_bit(NVMET_PCI_EPF_Q_IRQ_ENABLED, &cq->flags))
 		nvmet_pci_epf_remove_irq_vector(ctrl, cq->vector);
 	nvmet_pci_epf_mem_unmap(ctrl->nvme_epf, &cq->pci_map);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&cq->nvme_cq);
 
 	return NVME_SC_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static u16 nvmet_pci_epf_create_sq(struct nvmet_ctrl *tctrl,
-		u16 sqid, u16 flags, u16 qsize, u64 pci_addr)
+		u16 sqid, u16 cqid, u16 flags, u16 qsize, u64 pci_addr)
 {
 	struct nvmet_pci_epf_ctrl *ctrl = tctrl->drvdata;
 	struct nvmet_pci_epf_queue *sq = &ctrl->sq[sqid];
+	struct nvmet_pci_epf_queue *cq = &ctrl->cq[cqid];
 	u16 status;
 
 	if (test_bit(NVMET_PCI_EPF_Q_LIVE, &sq->flags))
@@ -1385,7 +1387,8 @@ static u16 nvmet_pci_epf_create_sq(struct nvmet_ctrl *tctrl,
 		sq->qes = ctrl->io_sqes;
 	sq->pci_size = sq->qes * sq->depth;
 
-	status = nvmet_sq_create(tctrl, &sq->nvme_sq, sqid, sq->depth);
+	status = nvmet_sq_create(tctrl, &sq->nvme_sq, &cq->nvme_cq, sqid,
+			sq->depth);
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS)
 		return status;
 
@@ -1601,8 +1604,7 @@ static void nvmet_pci_epf_exec_iod_work(struct work_struct *work)
 		goto complete;
 	}
 
-	if (!nvmet_req_init(req, &iod->cq->nvme_cq, &iod->sq->nvme_sq,
-			    &nvmet_pci_epf_fabrics_ops))
+	if (!nvmet_req_init(req, &iod->sq->nvme_sq, &nvmet_pci_epf_fabrics_ops))
 		goto complete;
 
 	iod->data_len = nvmet_req_transfer_len(req);
@@ -1879,8 +1881,8 @@ static int nvmet_pci_epf_enable_ctrl(struct nvmet_pci_epf_ctrl *ctrl)
 
 	qsize = aqa & 0x00000fff;
 	pci_addr = asq & GENMASK_ULL(63, 12);
-	status = nvmet_pci_epf_create_sq(ctrl->tctrl, 0, NVME_QUEUE_PHYS_CONTIG,
-					 qsize, pci_addr);
+	status = nvmet_pci_epf_create_sq(ctrl->tctrl, 0, 0,
+			NVME_QUEUE_PHYS_CONTIG, qsize, pci_addr);
 	if (status != NVME_SC_SUCCESS) {
 		dev_err(ctrl->dev, "Failed to create admin submission queue\n");
 		nvmet_pci_epf_delete_cq(ctrl->tctrl, 0);
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c b/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
index 2a4536ef6184..432bdf7cd49e 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/rdma.c
@@ -976,8 +976,7 @@ static void nvmet_rdma_handle_command(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue,
 		cmd->send_sge.addr, cmd->send_sge.length,
 		DMA_TO_DEVICE);
 
-	if (!nvmet_req_init(&cmd->req, &queue->nvme_cq,
-			&queue->nvme_sq, &nvmet_rdma_ops))
+	if (!nvmet_req_init(&cmd->req, &queue->nvme_sq, &nvmet_rdma_ops))
 		return;
 
 	status = nvmet_rdma_map_sgl(cmd);
@@ -1353,6 +1352,7 @@ static void nvmet_rdma_free_queue(struct nvmet_rdma_queue *queue)
 	pr_debug("freeing queue %d\n", queue->idx);
 
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 
 	nvmet_rdma_destroy_queue_ib(queue);
 	if (!queue->nsrq) {
@@ -1436,7 +1436,8 @@ nvmet_rdma_alloc_queue(struct nvmet_rdma_device *ndev,
 		goto out_reject;
 	}
 
-	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_init(&queue->nvme_cq);
+	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq, &queue->nvme_cq);
 	if (ret) {
 		ret = NVME_RDMA_CM_NO_RSC;
 		goto out_free_queue;
@@ -1517,6 +1518,7 @@ out_ida_remove:
 out_destroy_sq:
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&queue->nvme_sq);
 out_free_queue:
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 	kfree(queue);
 out_reject:
 	nvmet_rdma_cm_reject(cm_id, ret);
diff --git a/drivers/nvme/target/tcp.c b/drivers/nvme/target/tcp.c
index 12a5cb8641ca..c6603bd9c95e 100644
--- a/drivers/nvme/target/tcp.c
+++ b/drivers/nvme/target/tcp.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/crc32c.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/nvme-tcp.h>
 #include <linux/nvme-keyring.h>
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@
 #include <net/handshake.h>
 #include <linux/inet.h>
 #include <linux/llist.h>
-#include <crypto/hash.h>
 #include <trace/events/sock.h>
 
 #include "nvmet.h"
@@ -172,8 +172,6 @@ struct nvmet_tcp_queue {
 	/* digest state */
 	bool			hdr_digest;
 	bool			data_digest;
-	struct ahash_request	*snd_hash;
-	struct ahash_request	*rcv_hash;
 
 	/* TLS state */
 	key_serial_t		tls_pskid;
@@ -294,14 +292,9 @@ static inline u8 nvmet_tcp_ddgst_len(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
 	return queue->data_digest ? NVME_TCP_DIGEST_LENGTH : 0;
 }
 
-static inline void nvmet_tcp_hdgst(struct ahash_request *hash,
-		void *pdu, size_t len)
+static inline void nvmet_tcp_hdgst(void *pdu, size_t len)
 {
-	struct scatterlist sg;
-
-	sg_init_one(&sg, pdu, len);
-	ahash_request_set_crypt(hash, &sg, pdu + len, len);
-	crypto_ahash_digest(hash);
+	put_unaligned_le32(~crc32c(~0, pdu, len), pdu + len);
 }
 
 static int nvmet_tcp_verify_hdgst(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue,
@@ -318,7 +311,7 @@ static int nvmet_tcp_verify_hdgst(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue,
 	}
 
 	recv_digest = *(__le32 *)(pdu + hdr->hlen);
-	nvmet_tcp_hdgst(queue->rcv_hash, pdu, len);
+	nvmet_tcp_hdgst(pdu, len);
 	exp_digest = *(__le32 *)(pdu + hdr->hlen);
 	if (recv_digest != exp_digest) {
 		pr_err("queue %d: header digest error: recv %#x expected %#x\n",
@@ -441,12 +434,24 @@ err:
 	return NVME_SC_INTERNAL;
 }
 
-static void nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(struct ahash_request *hash,
-		struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
+static void nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 {
-	ahash_request_set_crypt(hash, cmd->req.sg,
-		(void *)&cmd->exp_ddgst, cmd->req.transfer_len);
-	crypto_ahash_digest(hash);
+	size_t total_len = cmd->req.transfer_len;
+	struct scatterlist *sg = cmd->req.sg;
+	u32 crc = ~0;
+
+	while (total_len) {
+		size_t len = min_t(size_t, total_len, sg->length);
+
+		/*
+		 * Note that the scatterlist does not contain any highmem pages,
+		 * as it was allocated by sgl_alloc() with GFP_KERNEL.
+		 */
+		crc = crc32c(crc, sg_virt(sg), len);
+		total_len -= len;
+		sg = sg_next(sg);
+	}
+	cmd->exp_ddgst = cpu_to_le32(~crc);
 }
 
 static void nvmet_setup_c2h_data_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
@@ -473,19 +478,18 @@ static void nvmet_setup_c2h_data_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 
 	if (queue->data_digest) {
 		pdu->hdr.flags |= NVME_TCP_F_DDGST;
-		nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(queue->snd_hash, cmd);
+		nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(cmd);
 	}
 
 	if (cmd->queue->hdr_digest) {
 		pdu->hdr.flags |= NVME_TCP_F_HDGST;
-		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(queue->snd_hash, pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
+		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
 	}
 }
 
 static void nvmet_setup_r2t_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 {
 	struct nvme_tcp_r2t_pdu *pdu = cmd->r2t_pdu;
-	struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue = cmd->queue;
 	u8 hdgst = nvmet_tcp_hdgst_len(cmd->queue);
 
 	cmd->offset = 0;
@@ -503,14 +507,13 @@ static void nvmet_setup_r2t_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 	pdu->r2t_offset = cpu_to_le32(cmd->rbytes_done);
 	if (cmd->queue->hdr_digest) {
 		pdu->hdr.flags |= NVME_TCP_F_HDGST;
-		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(queue->snd_hash, pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
+		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
 	}
 }
 
 static void nvmet_setup_response_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 {
 	struct nvme_tcp_rsp_pdu *pdu = cmd->rsp_pdu;
-	struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue = cmd->queue;
 	u8 hdgst = nvmet_tcp_hdgst_len(cmd->queue);
 
 	cmd->offset = 0;
@@ -523,7 +526,7 @@ static void nvmet_setup_response_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 	pdu->hdr.plen = cpu_to_le32(pdu->hdr.hlen + hdgst);
 	if (cmd->queue->hdr_digest) {
 		pdu->hdr.flags |= NVME_TCP_F_HDGST;
-		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(queue->snd_hash, pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
+		nvmet_tcp_hdgst(pdu, sizeof(*pdu));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -857,42 +860,6 @@ static void nvmet_prepare_receive_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
 	smp_store_release(&queue->rcv_state, NVMET_TCP_RECV_PDU);
 }
 
-static void nvmet_tcp_free_crypto(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
-{
-	struct crypto_ahash *tfm = crypto_ahash_reqtfm(queue->rcv_hash);
-
-	ahash_request_free(queue->rcv_hash);
-	ahash_request_free(queue->snd_hash);
-	crypto_free_ahash(tfm);
-}
-
-static int nvmet_tcp_alloc_crypto(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
-{
-	struct crypto_ahash *tfm;
-
-	tfm = crypto_alloc_ahash("crc32c", 0, CRYPTO_ALG_ASYNC);
-	if (IS_ERR(tfm))
-		return PTR_ERR(tfm);
-
-	queue->snd_hash = ahash_request_alloc(tfm, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!queue->snd_hash)
-		goto free_tfm;
-	ahash_request_set_callback(queue->snd_hash, 0, NULL, NULL);
-
-	queue->rcv_hash = ahash_request_alloc(tfm, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!queue->rcv_hash)
-		goto free_snd_hash;
-	ahash_request_set_callback(queue->rcv_hash, 0, NULL, NULL);
-
-	return 0;
-free_snd_hash:
-	ahash_request_free(queue->snd_hash);
-free_tfm:
-	crypto_free_ahash(tfm);
-	return -ENOMEM;
-}
-
-
 static int nvmet_tcp_handle_icreq(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
 {
 	struct nvme_tcp_icreq_pdu *icreq = &queue->pdu.icreq;
@@ -921,11 +888,6 @@ static int nvmet_tcp_handle_icreq(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
 
 	queue->hdr_digest = !!(icreq->digest & NVME_TCP_HDR_DIGEST_ENABLE);
 	queue->data_digest = !!(icreq->digest & NVME_TCP_DATA_DIGEST_ENABLE);
-	if (queue->hdr_digest || queue->data_digest) {
-		ret = nvmet_tcp_alloc_crypto(queue);
-		if (ret)
-			return ret;
-	}
 
 	memset(icresp, 0, sizeof(*icresp));
 	icresp->hdr.type = nvme_tcp_icresp;
@@ -1077,8 +1039,7 @@ static int nvmet_tcp_done_recv_pdu(struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue)
 	req = &queue->cmd->req;
 	memcpy(req->cmd, nvme_cmd, sizeof(*nvme_cmd));
 
-	if (unlikely(!nvmet_req_init(req, &queue->nvme_cq,
-			&queue->nvme_sq, &nvmet_tcp_ops))) {
+	if (unlikely(!nvmet_req_init(req, &queue->nvme_sq, &nvmet_tcp_ops))) {
 		pr_err("failed cmd %p id %d opcode %d, data_len: %d, status: %04x\n",
 			req->cmd, req->cmd->common.command_id,
 			req->cmd->common.opcode,
@@ -1247,7 +1208,7 @@ static void nvmet_tcp_prep_recv_ddgst(struct nvmet_tcp_cmd *cmd)
 {
 	struct nvmet_tcp_queue *queue = cmd->queue;
 
-	nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(queue->rcv_hash, cmd);
+	nvmet_tcp_calc_ddgst(cmd);
 	queue->offset = 0;
 	queue->left = NVME_TCP_DIGEST_LENGTH;
 	queue->rcv_state = NVMET_TCP_RECV_DDGST;
@@ -1615,13 +1576,12 @@ static void nvmet_tcp_release_queue_work(struct work_struct *w)
 	nvmet_sq_put_tls_key(&queue->nvme_sq);
 	nvmet_tcp_uninit_data_in_cmds(queue);
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 	cancel_work_sync(&queue->io_work);
 	nvmet_tcp_free_cmd_data_in_buffers(queue);
 	/* ->sock will be released by fput() */
 	fput(queue->sock->file);
 	nvmet_tcp_free_cmds(queue);
-	if (queue->hdr_digest || queue->data_digest)
-		nvmet_tcp_free_crypto(queue);
 	ida_free(&nvmet_tcp_queue_ida, queue->idx);
 	page_frag_cache_drain(&queue->pf_cache);
 	kfree(queue);
@@ -1950,7 +1910,8 @@ static void nvmet_tcp_alloc_queue(struct nvmet_tcp_port *port,
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_ida_remove;
 
-	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq);
+	nvmet_cq_init(&queue->nvme_cq);
+	ret = nvmet_sq_init(&queue->nvme_sq, &queue->nvme_cq);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_free_connect;
 
@@ -1993,6 +1954,7 @@ out_destroy_sq:
 	mutex_unlock(&nvmet_tcp_queue_mutex);
 	nvmet_sq_destroy(&queue->nvme_sq);
 out_free_connect:
+	nvmet_cq_put(&queue->nvme_cq);
 	nvmet_tcp_free_cmd(&queue->connect);
 out_ida_remove:
 	ida_free(&nvmet_tcp_queue_ida, queue->idx);
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/Kconfig b/drivers/scsi/Kconfig
index 5a3c670aec27..5522310bab8d 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/scsi/Kconfig
@@ -403,6 +403,7 @@ config SCSI_ACARD
 config SCSI_AHA152X
 	tristate "Adaptec AHA152X/2825 support"
 	depends on ISA && SCSI
+	depends on !HIGHMEM
 	select SCSI_SPI_ATTRS
 	select CHECK_SIGNATURE
 	help
@@ -795,6 +796,7 @@ config SCSI_PPA
 	tristate "IOMEGA parallel port (ppa - older drives)"
 	depends on SCSI && PARPORT_PC
 	depends on HAS_IOPORT
+	depends on !HIGHMEM
 	help
 	  This driver supports older versions of IOMEGA's parallel port ZIP
 	  drive (a 100 MB removable media device).
@@ -822,6 +824,7 @@ config SCSI_PPA
 config SCSI_IMM
 	tristate "IOMEGA parallel port (imm - newer drives)"
 	depends on SCSI && PARPORT_PC
+	depends on !HIGHMEM
 	help
 	  This driver supports newer versions of IOMEGA's parallel port ZIP
 	  drive (a 100 MB removable media device).
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/aha152x.c b/drivers/scsi/aha152x.c
index 4276f868cd91..e94c0a19c435 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/aha152x.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/aha152x.c
@@ -746,7 +746,6 @@ struct Scsi_Host *aha152x_probe_one(struct aha152x_setup *setup)
 	/* need to have host registered before triggering any interrupt */
 	list_add_tail(&HOSTDATA(shpnt)->host_list, &aha152x_host_list);
 
-	shpnt->no_highmem = true;
 	shpnt->io_port   = setup->io_port;
 	shpnt->n_io_port = IO_RANGE;
 	shpnt->irq       = setup->irq;
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/imm.c b/drivers/scsi/imm.c
index 1d4c7310f1a6..0821cf994b98 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/imm.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/imm.c
@@ -1224,7 +1224,6 @@ static int __imm_attach(struct parport *pb)
 	host = scsi_host_alloc(&imm_template, sizeof(imm_struct *));
 	if (!host)
 		goto out1;
-	host->no_highmem = true;
 	host->io_port = pb->base;
 	host->n_io_port = ports;
 	host->dma_channel = -1;
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/ppa.c b/drivers/scsi/ppa.c
index a06329b47851..1ed3171f1797 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/ppa.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/ppa.c
@@ -1104,7 +1104,6 @@ static int __ppa_attach(struct parport *pb)
 	host = scsi_host_alloc(&ppa_template, sizeof(ppa_struct *));
 	if (!host)
 		goto out1;
-	host->no_highmem = true;
 	host->io_port = pb->base;
 	host->n_io_port = ports;
 	host->dma_channel = -1;
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
index 2fa45556e1ea..0ddc95bafc71 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_ioctl.c
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ static int sg_scsi_ioctl(struct request_queue *q, bool open_for_write,
 	}
 
 	if (bytes) {
-		err = blk_rq_map_kern(q, rq, buffer, bytes, GFP_NOIO);
+		err = blk_rq_map_kern(rq, buffer, bytes, GFP_NOIO);
 		if (err)
 			goto error;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
index 1b43013d72c0..144c72f0737a 100644
--- a/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
+++ b/drivers/scsi/scsi_lib.c
@@ -313,8 +313,7 @@ retry:
 		return PTR_ERR(req);
 
 	if (bufflen) {
-		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(sdev->request_queue, req,
-				      buffer, bufflen, GFP_NOIO);
+		ret = blk_rq_map_kern(req, buffer, bufflen, GFP_NOIO);
 		if (ret)
 			goto out;
 	}
@@ -2004,9 +2003,6 @@ void scsi_init_limits(struct Scsi_Host *shost, struct queue_limits *lim)
 	lim->dma_alignment = max_t(unsigned int,
 		shost->dma_alignment, dma_get_cache_alignment() - 1);
 
-	if (shost->no_highmem)
-		lim->features |= BLK_FEAT_BOUNCE_HIGH;
-
 	/*
 	 * Propagate the DMA formation properties to the dma-mapping layer as
 	 * a courtesy service to the LLDDs.  This needs to check that the buses
diff --git a/drivers/usb/storage/usb.c b/drivers/usb/storage/usb.c
index d36f3b6992bb..152ee3376550 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/storage/usb.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/storage/usb.c
@@ -1056,13 +1056,20 @@ int usb_stor_probe1(struct us_data **pus,
 		goto BadDevice;
 
 	/*
-	 * Some USB host controllers can't do DMA; they have to use PIO.
-	 * For such controllers we need to make sure the block layer sets
-	 * up bounce buffers in addressable memory.
+	 * Some USB host controllers can't do DMA: They have to use PIO, or they
+	 * have to use a small dedicated local memory area, or they have other
+	 * restrictions on addressable memory.
+	 *
+	 * We can't support these controllers on highmem systems as we don't
+	 * kmap or bounce buffer.
 	 */
-	if (!hcd_uses_dma(bus_to_hcd(us->pusb_dev->bus)) ||
-	    bus_to_hcd(us->pusb_dev->bus)->localmem_pool)
-		host->no_highmem = true;
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) &&
+	    (!hcd_uses_dma(bus_to_hcd(us->pusb_dev->bus)) ||
+	     bus_to_hcd(us->pusb_dev->bus)->localmem_pool)) {
+		dev_warn(&intf->dev, "USB Mass Storage not supported on this host controller\n");
+		result = -EINVAL;
+		goto release;
+	}
 
 	/* Get the unusual_devs entries and the descriptors */
 	result = get_device_info(us, id, unusual_dev);
@@ -1081,6 +1088,7 @@ int usb_stor_probe1(struct us_data **pus,
 
 BadDevice:
 	usb_stor_dbg(us, "storage_probe() failed\n");
+release:
 	release_everything(us);
 	return result;
 }