Merge tag 'mm-stable-2025-12-03-21-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

  "__vmalloc()/kvmalloc() and no-block support" (Uladzislau Rezki)
     Rework the vmalloc() code to support non-blocking allocations
     (GFP_ATOIC, GFP_NOWAIT)

  "ksm: fix exec/fork inheritance" (xu xin)
     Fix a rare case where the KSM MMF_VM_MERGE_ANY prctl state is not
     inherited across fork/exec

  "mm/zswap: misc cleanup of code and documentations" (SeongJae Park)
     Some light maintenance work on the zswap code

  "mm/page_owner: add debugfs files 'show_handles' and 'show_stacks_handles'" (Mauricio Faria de Oliveira)
     Enhance the /sys/kernel/debug/page_owner debug feature by adding
     unique identifiers to differentiate the various stack traces so
     that userspace monitoring tools can better match stack traces over
     time

  "mm/page_alloc: pcp->batch cleanups" (Joshua Hahn)
     Minor alterations to the page allocator's per-cpu-pages feature

  "Improve UFFDIO_MOVE scalability by removing anon_vma lock" (Lokesh Gidra)
     Address a scalability issue in userfaultfd's UFFDIO_MOVE operation

  "kasan: cleanups for kasan_enabled() checks" (Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov)

  "drivers/base/node: fold node register and unregister functions" (Donet Tom)
     Clean up the NUMA node handling code a little

  "mm: some optimizations for prot numa" (Kefeng Wang)
     Cleanups and small optimizations to the NUMA allocation hinting
     code

  "mm/page_alloc: Batch callers of free_pcppages_bulk" (Joshua Hahn)
     Address long lock hold times at boot on large machines. These were
     causing (harmless) softlockup warnings

  "optimize the logic for handling dirty file folios during reclaim" (Baolin Wang)
     Remove some now-unnecessary work from page reclaim

  "mm/damon: allow DAMOS auto-tuned for per-memcg per-node memory usage" (SeongJae Park)
     Enhance the DAMOS auto-tuning feature

  "mm/damon: fixes for address alignment issues in DAMON_LRU_SORT and DAMON_RECLAIM" (Quanmin Yan)
     Fix DAMON_LRU_SORT and DAMON_RECLAIM with certain userspace
     configuration

  "expand mmap_prepare functionality, port more users" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Enhance the new(ish) file_operations.mmap_prepare() method and port
     additional callsites from the old ->mmap() over to ->mmap_prepare()

  "Fix stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space" (Lu Baolu)
     Fix a bug (and possible security issue on non-x86) in the IOMMU
     code. In some situations the IOMMU could be left hanging onto a
     stale kernel pagetable entry

  "mm/huge_memory: cleanup __split_unmapped_folio()" (Wei Yang)
     Clean up and optimize the folio splitting code

  "mm, swap: misc cleanup and bugfix" (Kairui Song)
     Some cleanups and a minor fix in the swap discard code

  "mm/damon: misc documentation fixups" (SeongJae Park)

  "mm/damon: support pin-point targets removal" (SeongJae Park)
     Permit userspace to remove a specific monitoring target in the
     middle of the current targets list

  "mm: MISC follow-up patches for linux/pgalloc.h" (Harry Yoo)
     A couple of cleanups related to mm header file inclusion

  "mm/swapfile.c: select swap devices of default priority round robin" (Baoquan He)
     improve the selection of swap devices for NUMA machines

  "mm: Convert memory block states (MEM_*) macros to enums" (Israel Batista)
     Change the memory block labels from macros to enums so they will
     appear in kernel debug info

  "ksm: perform a range-walk to jump over holes in break_ksm" (Pedro Demarchi Gomes)
     Address an inefficiency when KSM unmerges an address range

  "mm/damon/tests: fix memory bugs in kunit tests" (SeongJae Park)
     Fix leaks and unhandled malloc() failures in DAMON userspace unit
     tests

  "some cleanups for pageout()" (Baolin Wang)
     Clean up a couple of minor things in the page scanner's
     writeback-for-eviction code

  "mm/hugetlb: refactor sysfs/sysctl interfaces" (Hui Zhu)
     Move hugetlb's sysfs/sysctl handling code into a new file

  "introduce VM_MAYBE_GUARD and make it sticky" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Make the VMA guard regions available in /proc/pid/smaps and
     improves the mergeability of guarded VMAs

  "mm: perform guard region install/remove under VMA lock" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Reduce mmap lock contention for callers performing VMA guard region
     operations

  "vma_start_write_killable" (Matthew Wilcox)
     Start work on permitting applications to be killed when they are
     waiting on a read_lock on the VMA lock

  "mm/damon/tests: add more tests for online parameters commit" (SeongJae Park)
     Add additional userspace testing of DAMON's "commit" feature

  "mm/damon: misc cleanups" (SeongJae Park)

  "make VM_SOFTDIRTY a sticky VMA flag" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Address the possible loss of a VMA's VM_SOFTDIRTY flag when that
     VMA is merged with another

  "mm: support device-private THP" (Balbir Singh)
     Introduce support for Transparent Huge Page (THP) migration in zone
     device-private memory

  "Optimize folio split in memory failure" (Zi Yan)

  "mm/huge_memory: Define split_type and consolidate split support checks" (Wei Yang)
     Some more cleanups in the folio splitting code

  "mm: remove is_swap_[pte, pmd]() + non-swap entries, introduce leaf entries" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Clean up our handling of pagetable leaf entries by introducing the
     concept of 'software leaf entries', of type softleaf_t

  "reparent the THP split queue" (Muchun Song)
     Reparent the THP split queue to its parent memcg. This is in
     preparation for addressing the long-standing "dying memcg" problem,
     wherein dead memcg's linger for too long, consuming memory
     resources

  "unify PMD scan results and remove redundant cleanup" (Wei Yang)
     A little cleanup in the hugepage collapse code

  "zram: introduce writeback bio batching" (Sergey Senozhatsky)
     Improve zram writeback efficiency by introducing batched bio
     writeback support

  "memcg: cleanup the memcg stats interfaces" (Shakeel Butt)
     Clean up our handling of the interrupt safety of some memcg stats

  "make vmalloc gfp flags usage more apparent" (Vishal Moola)
     Clean up vmalloc's handling of incoming GFP flags

  "mm: Add soft-dirty and uffd-wp support for RISC-V" (Chunyan Zhang)
     Teach soft dirty and userfaultfd write protect tracking to use
     RISC-V's Svrsw60t59b extension

  "mm: swap: small fixes and comment cleanups" (Youngjun Park)
     Fix a small bug and clean up some of the swap code

  "initial work on making VMA flags a bitmap" (Lorenzo Stoakes)
     Start work on converting the vma struct's flags to a bitmap, so we
     stop running out of them, especially on 32-bit

  "mm/swapfile: fix and cleanup swap list iterations" (Youngjun Park)
     Address a possible bug in the swap discard code and clean things
     up a little

[ This merge also reverts commit ebb9aeb980e5 ("vfio/nvgrace-gpu:
  register device memory for poison handling") because it looks
  broken to me, I've asked for clarification   - Linus ]

* tag 'mm-stable-2025-12-03-21-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (321 commits)
  mm: fix vma_start_write_killable() signal handling
  mm/swapfile: use plist_for_each_entry in __folio_throttle_swaprate
  mm/swapfile: fix list iteration when next node is removed during discard
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c: fix make_uffd_wp_huge_pte() huge pte handling
  mm/kfence: add reboot notifier to disable KFENCE on shutdown
  memcg: remove inc/dec_lruvec_kmem_state helpers
  selftests/mm/uffd: initialize char variable to Null
  mm: fix DEBUG_RODATA_TEST indentation in Kconfig
  mm: introduce VMA flags bitmap type
  tools/testing/vma: eliminate dependency on vma->__vm_flags
  mm: simplify and rename mm flags function for clarity
  mm: declare VMA flags by bit
  zram: fix a spelling mistake
  mm/page_alloc: optimize lowmem_reserve max lookup using its semantic monotonicity
  mm/vmscan: skip increasing kswapd_failures when reclaim was boosted
  pagemap: update BUDDY flag documentation
  mm: swap: remove scan_swap_map_slots() references from comments
  mm: swap: change swap_alloc_slow() to void
  mm, swap: remove redundant comment for read_swap_cache_async
  mm, swap: use SWP_SOLIDSTATE to determine if swap is rotational
  ...

1 files changed, 619 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/leafops.h b/include/linux/leafops.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..cfafe7a5e7b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/leafops.h
@@ -0,0 +1,619 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+ * Describes operations that can be performed on software-defined page table
+ * leaf entries. These are abstracted from the hardware page table entries
+ * themselves by the softleaf_t type, see mm_types.h.
+ */
+#ifndef _LINUX_LEAFOPS_H
+#define _LINUX_LEAFOPS_H
+
+#include <linux/mm_types.h>
+#include <linux/swapops.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
+
+/* Temporary until swp_entry_t eliminated. */
+#define LEAF_TYPE_SHIFT SWP_TYPE_SHIFT
+
+enum softleaf_type {
+	/* Fundamental types. */
+	SOFTLEAF_NONE,
+	SOFTLEAF_SWAP,
+	/* Migration types. */
+	SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ,
+	SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ_EXCLUSIVE,
+	SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_WRITE,
+	/* Device types. */
+	SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_READ,
+	SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_WRITE,
+	SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_EXCLUSIVE,
+	/* H/W posion types. */
+	SOFTLEAF_HWPOISON,
+	/* Marker types. */
+	SOFTLEAF_MARKER,
+};
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_mk_none() - Create an empty ('none') leaf entry.
+ * Returns: empty leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline softleaf_t softleaf_mk_none(void)
+{
+	return ((softleaf_t) { 0 });
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_from_pte() - Obtain a leaf entry from a PTE entry.
+ * @pte: PTE entry.
+ *
+ * If @pte is present (therefore not a leaf entry) the function returns an empty
+ * leaf entry. Otherwise, it returns a leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: Leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline softleaf_t softleaf_from_pte(pte_t pte)
+{
+	softleaf_t arch_entry;
+
+	if (pte_present(pte) || pte_none(pte))
+		return softleaf_mk_none();
+
+	pte = pte_swp_clear_flags(pte);
+	arch_entry = __pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
+
+	/* Temporary until swp_entry_t eliminated. */
+	return swp_entry(__swp_type(arch_entry), __swp_offset(arch_entry));
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_to_pte() - Obtain a PTE entry from a leaf entry.
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * This generates an architecture-specific PTE entry that can be utilised to
+ * encode the metadata the leaf entry encodes.
+ *
+ * Returns: Architecture-specific PTE entry encoding leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline pte_t softleaf_to_pte(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	/* Temporary until swp_entry_t eliminated. */
+	return swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
+/**
+ * softleaf_from_pmd() - Obtain a leaf entry from a PMD entry.
+ * @pmd: PMD entry.
+ *
+ * If @pmd is present (therefore not a leaf entry) the function returns an empty
+ * leaf entry. Otherwise, it returns a leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: Leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline softleaf_t softleaf_from_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	softleaf_t arch_entry;
+
+	if (pmd_present(pmd) || pmd_none(pmd))
+		return softleaf_mk_none();
+
+	if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(pmd))
+		pmd = pmd_swp_clear_soft_dirty(pmd);
+	if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(pmd))
+		pmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
+	arch_entry = __pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd);
+
+	/* Temporary until swp_entry_t eliminated. */
+	return swp_entry(__swp_type(arch_entry), __swp_offset(arch_entry));
+}
+
+#else
+
+static inline softleaf_t softleaf_from_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return softleaf_mk_none();
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_none() - Is the leaf entry empty?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Empty entries are typically the result of a 'none' page table leaf entry
+ * being converted to a leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the entry is empty, false otherwise.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_none(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return entry.val == 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_type() - Identify the type of leaf entry.
+ * @enntry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: the leaf entry type associated with @entry.
+ */
+static inline enum softleaf_type softleaf_type(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	unsigned int type_num;
+
+	if (softleaf_is_none(entry))
+		return SOFTLEAF_NONE;
+
+	type_num = entry.val >> LEAF_TYPE_SHIFT;
+
+	if (type_num < MAX_SWAPFILES)
+		return SOFTLEAF_SWAP;
+
+	switch (type_num) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
+	case SWP_MIGRATION_READ:
+		return SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ;
+	case SWP_MIGRATION_READ_EXCLUSIVE:
+		return SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ_EXCLUSIVE;
+	case SWP_MIGRATION_WRITE:
+		return SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_WRITE;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEVICE_PRIVATE
+	case SWP_DEVICE_WRITE:
+		return SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_WRITE;
+	case SWP_DEVICE_READ:
+		return SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_READ;
+	case SWP_DEVICE_EXCLUSIVE:
+		return SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_EXCLUSIVE;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
+	case SWP_HWPOISON:
+		return SOFTLEAF_HWPOISON;
+#endif
+	case SWP_PTE_MARKER:
+		return SOFTLEAF_MARKER;
+	}
+
+	/* Unknown entry type. */
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
+	return SOFTLEAF_NONE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_swap() - Is this leaf entry a swap entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a swap entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_swap(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_SWAP;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration_write() - Is this leaf entry a writable migration entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a writable migration entry, otherwise
+ * false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_write(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_WRITE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration_read() - Is this leaf entry a readable migration entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a readable migration entry, otherwise
+ * false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_read(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration_read_exclusive() - Is this leaf entry an exclusive
+ * readable migration entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is an exclusive readable migration entry,
+ * otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_read_exclusive(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ_EXCLUSIVE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration() - Is this leaf entry a migration entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a migration entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	switch (softleaf_type(entry)) {
+	case SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ:
+	case SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_READ_EXCLUSIVE:
+	case SOFTLEAF_MIGRATION_WRITE:
+		return true;
+	default:
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_device_private_write() - Is this leaf entry a device private
+ * writable entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a device private writable entry, otherwise
+ * false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_device_private_write(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_WRITE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_device_private() - Is this leaf entry a device private entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a device private entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_device_private(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	switch (softleaf_type(entry)) {
+	case SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_WRITE:
+	case SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_PRIVATE_READ:
+		return true;
+	default:
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_device_exclusive() - Is this leaf entry a device-exclusive entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a device-exclusive entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_device_exclusive(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_DEVICE_EXCLUSIVE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_hwpoison() - Is this leaf entry a hardware poison entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a hardware poison entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_hwpoison(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_HWPOISON;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_marker() - Is this leaf entry a marker?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a marker entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_marker(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return softleaf_type(entry) == SOFTLEAF_MARKER;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_to_marker() - Obtain marker associated with leaf entry.
+ * @entry: Leaf entry, softleaf_is_marker(@entry) must return true.
+ *
+ * Returns: Marker associated with the leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline pte_marker softleaf_to_marker(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_is_marker(entry));
+
+	return swp_offset(entry) & PTE_MARKER_MASK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_has_pfn() - Does this leaf entry encode a valid PFN number?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * A pfn swap entry is a special type of swap entry that always has a pfn stored
+ * in the swap offset. They can either be used to represent unaddressable device
+ * memory, to restrict access to a page undergoing migration or to represent a
+ * pfn which has been hwpoisoned and unmapped.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry encodes a PFN, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_has_pfn(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	/* Make sure the swp offset can always store the needed fields. */
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(SWP_TYPE_SHIFT < SWP_PFN_BITS);
+
+	if (softleaf_is_migration(entry))
+		return true;
+	if (softleaf_is_device_private(entry))
+		return true;
+	if (softleaf_is_device_exclusive(entry))
+		return true;
+	if (softleaf_is_hwpoison(entry))
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_to_pfn() - Obtain PFN encoded within leaf entry.
+ * @entry: Leaf entry, softleaf_has_pfn(@entry) must return true.
+ *
+ * Returns: The PFN associated with the leaf entry.
+ */
+static inline unsigned long softleaf_to_pfn(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_has_pfn(entry));
+
+	/* Temporary until swp_entry_t eliminated. */
+	return swp_offset(entry) & SWP_PFN_MASK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_to_page() - Obtains struct page for PFN encoded within leaf entry.
+ * @entry: Leaf entry, softleaf_has_pfn(@entry) must return true.
+ *
+ * Returns: Pointer to the struct page associated with the leaf entry's PFN.
+ */
+static inline struct page *softleaf_to_page(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	struct page *page = pfn_to_page(softleaf_to_pfn(entry));
+
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_has_pfn(entry));
+	/*
+	 * Any use of migration entries may only occur while the
+	 * corresponding page is locked
+	 */
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(softleaf_is_migration(entry) && !PageLocked(page));
+
+	return page;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_to_folio() - Obtains struct folio for PFN encoded within leaf entry.
+ * @entry: Leaf entry, softleaf_has_pfn(@entry) must return true.
+ *
+ * Returns: Pointer to the struct folio associated with the leaf entry's PFN.
+ */
+static inline struct folio *softleaf_to_folio(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	struct folio *folio = pfn_folio(softleaf_to_pfn(entry));
+
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_has_pfn(entry));
+	/*
+	 * Any use of migration entries may only occur while the
+	 * corresponding folio is locked.
+	 */
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(softleaf_is_migration(entry) &&
+			!folio_test_locked(folio));
+
+	return folio;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_poison_marker() - Is this leaf entry a poison marker?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * The poison marker is set via UFFDIO_POISON. Userfaultfd-specific.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a poison marker, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_poison_marker(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	if (!softleaf_is_marker(entry))
+		return false;
+
+	return softleaf_to_marker(entry) & PTE_MARKER_POISONED;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_guard_marker() - Is this leaf entry a guard region marker?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a guard marker, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_guard_marker(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	if (!softleaf_is_marker(entry))
+		return false;
+
+	return softleaf_to_marker(entry) & PTE_MARKER_GUARD;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_uffd_wp_marker() - Is this leaf entry a userfautlfd write protect
+ * marker?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * Userfaultfd-specific.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the leaf entry is a UFFD WP marker, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_uffd_wp_marker(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	if (!softleaf_is_marker(entry))
+		return false;
+
+	return softleaf_to_marker(entry) & PTE_MARKER_UFFD_WP;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration_young() - Does this migration entry contain an accessed
+ * bit?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * If the architecture can support storing A/D bits in migration entries, this
+ * determines whether the accessed (or 'young') bit was set on the migrated page
+ * table entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the entry contains an accessed bit, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_young(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_is_migration(entry));
+
+	if (migration_entry_supports_ad())
+		return swp_offset(entry) & SWP_MIG_YOUNG;
+	/* Keep the old behavior of aging page after migration */
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * softleaf_is_migration_dirty() - Does this migration entry contain a dirty bit?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * If the architecture can support storing A/D bits in migration entries, this
+ * determines whether the dirty bit was set on the migrated page table entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the entry contains a dirty bit, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_dirty(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!softleaf_is_migration(entry));
+
+	if (migration_entry_supports_ad())
+		return swp_offset(entry) & SWP_MIG_DIRTY;
+	/* Keep the old behavior of clean page after migration */
+	return false;
+}
+
+#else /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
+
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_young(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool softleaf_is_migration_dirty(softleaf_t entry)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_MIGRATION */
+
+/**
+ * pte_is_marker() - Does the PTE entry encode a marker leaf entry?
+ * @pte: PTE entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if this PTE is a marker leaf entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool pte_is_marker(pte_t pte)
+{
+	return softleaf_is_marker(softleaf_from_pte(pte));
+}
+
+/**
+ * pte_is_uffd_wp_marker() - Does this PTE entry encode a userfaultfd write
+ * protect marker leaf entry?
+ * @pte: PTE entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if this PTE is a UFFD WP marker leaf entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool pte_is_uffd_wp_marker(pte_t pte)
+{
+	const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pte(pte);
+
+	return softleaf_is_uffd_wp_marker(entry);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pte_is_uffd_marker() - Does this PTE entry encode a userfault-specific marker
+ * leaf entry?
+ * @entry: Leaf entry.
+ *
+ * It's useful to be able to determine which leaf entries encode UFFD-specific
+ * markers so we can handle these correctly.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if this PTE entry is a UFFD-specific marker, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool pte_is_uffd_marker(pte_t pte)
+{
+	const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pte(pte);
+
+	if (!softleaf_is_marker(entry))
+		return false;
+
+	/* UFFD WP, poisoned swap entries are UFFD-handled. */
+	if (softleaf_is_uffd_wp_marker(entry))
+		return true;
+	if (softleaf_is_poison_marker(entry))
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE) && defined(CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION)
+
+/**
+ * pmd_is_device_private_entry() - Check if PMD contains a device private swap
+ * entry.
+ * @pmd: The PMD to check.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the PMD contains a swap entry that represents a device private
+ * page mapping. This is used for zone device private pages that have been
+ * swapped out but still need special handling during various memory management
+ * operations.
+ *
+ * Return: true if PMD contains device private entry, false otherwise
+ */
+static inline bool pmd_is_device_private_entry(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return softleaf_is_device_private(softleaf_from_pmd(pmd));
+}
+
+#else  /* CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE && CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION */
+
+static inline bool pmd_is_device_private_entry(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE && CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION */
+
+/**
+ * pmd_is_migration_entry() - Does this PMD entry encode a migration entry?
+ * @pmd: PMD entry.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the PMD encodes a migration entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool pmd_is_migration_entry(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	return softleaf_is_migration(softleaf_from_pmd(pmd));
+}
+
+/**
+ * pmd_is_valid_softleaf() - Is this PMD entry a valid leaf entry?
+ * @pmd: PMD entry.
+ *
+ * PMD leaf entries are valid only if they are device private or migration
+ * entries. This function asserts that a PMD leaf entry is valid in this
+ * respect.
+ *
+ * Returns: true if the PMD entry is a valid leaf entry, otherwise false.
+ */
+static inline bool pmd_is_valid_softleaf(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+	const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pmd(pmd);
+
+	/* Only device private, migration entries valid for PMD. */
+	return softleaf_is_device_private(entry) ||
+		softleaf_is_migration(entry);
+}
+
+#endif  /* CONFIG_MMU */
+#endif  /* _LINUX_LEAFOPS_H */